Rumanian Academy

(full name, Academy of the Socialist Republic of Rumania), the highest scientific institution in the Socialist Republic of Rumania. The academy’s members include both scientists and cultural workers.

Founded in 1866 in Bucharest as the Rumanian Literary Society, the academy was renamed the Rumanian Academic Society in 1867 and the Rumanian Academy in 1879. It was reorganized into the Academy of the Rumanian People’s Republic in 1948 and assumed its present name in 1965.

In 1975 the academy had 13 sections: mathematics; physics; chemistry; technical sciences; biology; agriculture and forestry; geology, geophysics, and geography; medicine; economics and the social sciences; philosophy, psychology, and jurisprudence; history; philology; and literature and art. The academy has branches in Clug-Napoca and Iaşi and scientific research facilities in Timişoara and Tîrgu-Mureş. In addition to its organ, Analele Academiei Republicii Socialiste Romania, founded in 1867, the academy publishes more than 70 journals.