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pelvesenUK
pel·ves P0158350 (pĕl′vēz)n. A plural of pelvis. EncyclopediaSeepelvispelvesenUK
pelves (pĕl′vēz)n. A plural of pelvis.pelvis (pel'vis) (pel'vez?) (pel'vi-sez) plural.pelvespelvises [L. pelvis, basin] 1. A basin-shaped structure or cavity.PELVIS2. The bony compartment comprising the innominate bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx, joined at the symphysis pubis, sacroiliac, and sacrococcygeal articulations by a network of cartilage and ligaments. The structure supports the vertebral column and articulates with the lower limbs. See: illustration3. The cavity encompassed by the innominate bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx.AnatomyThe pelvis is separated into a false or superior pelvis and a true or inferior pelvis by the iliopectineal line and the upper margin of the symphysis pubis. The circumference of this area constitutes the inlet of the true pelvis. The lower border of the true pelvis, termed the outlet, is formed by the coccyx, the protuberances of the ischia, the ascending rami of the ischia, and the descending rami of the ossa pubis and the sacrosciatic ligaments. The floor of the pelvis is formed by the perineal fascia, the levator ani, and the coccygeus muscles. All diameters normally are larger in the female than in the male. External DiametersInterspinous: The distance between the outer edges of the anterosuperior iliac spines, the diameter normally measuring 26 cm (1014 in.). Intercristal: The distance between the outer edges of the most prominent portion of the iliac crests, the diameter normally being 28 cm (11 in.). Intertrochanteric: The distance between the most prominent points of the femoral trochanters, 32 cm (1212 in.). Oblique (right and left): The distance from one posterosuperior iliac spine to the opposite anterosuperior iliac spine, 22 cm (812 in.), the right being slightly greater than the left. External conjugate: The distance from the undersurface of the spinous process of the last lumbar vertebra to the upper margin of the anterior surface of the symphysis pubis, 20 cm (778 in.). Internal DiametersTrue conjugate: The anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet, 11 cm (414 in.), the most important single diameter of the pelvis. Diagonal conjugate: The distance between the promontory of the sacrum to the undersurface of the symphysis pubis, 13 cm (518 in.). Two cm (34 in.) are deducted for the height and inclination of the symphysis pubis to obtain the diameter of the conjugate. Transverse: The distance between the ischial tuberosities, 11 cm (414 in.). Anteroposterior (of outlet): The distance between the lower border of the symphysis pubis and the tip of the sacrum, 11 cm (414 in.). Anterior sagittal: The distance from the undersurface of the symphysis pubis to the center of the line between the ischial tuberosities, 7 cm (234 in.). Posterior sagittal: The distance from the center of line between the ischial tuberosities to the tip of the sacrum, 10 cm (4 in.). pelvis aequabiliter justo majorA pelvis that is symmetrically larger than the standard in all its dimensions. Synonym: giant pelvispelvis aequabiliter justo minorA pelvis with all its dimensions uniformly smaller than the standard. Synonym: reduced pelvisandroid pelvisThe normal shape of the male pelvis. About 30% of women share this bony configuration; however, the heart-shaped inlet, convergent sidewalls, slanted sacrum, and narrow sacrosciatic notch pose problems for childbearing. The narrowed dimensions increase the risk of fetopelvic disproportion, obstructed labor, and cesarean delivery. Synonym: masculine pelvisanthropoid pelvisA deviation from the normal gynecoid configuration of the pelvic bones in which the anterior-posterior diameter is greater than the transverse diameter. It is found in approximately 20% of women. Deviations from the normal gynecoid configuration include a long, oval, narrow inlet and narrow sacrum, straight sidewalls, and a wide sacrosciatic notch. The shape increases the potential for fetal posterior positions during childbearing. assimilation pelvisA structural abnormality that results from a developmental lumbosacral fusion or from a sacrococcygeal fusion.beaked pelvisA pelvis with the pelvic bones laterally compressed and pushed forward so that the outlet is narrow and long. Synonym: rostrate pelvis; triradiate pelvisbony pelvisThe skeleton of the pelvis, consisting of the right and left hip bones (each made of an ilium, an ischium, and a pubis), the sacrum, and the coccyx. brachypellic pelvisAn oval pelvis in which the transverse diameter is at least 1 cm longer, but no more than 3 cm longer, than the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis.brim of the pelvisBrim (2).contracted pelvisA pelvis in which one or more of the principal diameters is reduced to a degree that parturition is impeded.cordate pelvisA pelvis possessing a heart-shaped inlet.coxalgic pelvisA pelvis deformed subsequent to hip joint disease.dolichopellic pelvisAn abnormal pelvis in which the anteroposterior diameter is greater than the transverse diameter.dwarf pelvisAn unusually small pelvis in which all diameters are symmetrically reduced.elastic pelvisOsteomalacic pelvis.extrarenal pelvisA renal pelvis located outside the kidney.false pelvisThe portion of the pelvic cavity that lies above the pelvic brim, bounded by the linea terminalis and the iliac fossae. It supports the weight of the growing uterus during the middle and last trimesters of pregnancy. Synonym: pelvis majorfissured pelvisA structural malformation in which the ilia are pushed forward to an almost parallel position; caused by rickets.flat pelvisA pelvis in which the anteroposterior diameters are shortened.frozen pelvisAdhesion of the female reproductive organs to the peritoneum or bowel by cancer, endometriosis, or pelvic infection.funnel-shaped pelvisA pelvis in which the outlet is considerably contracted but the inlet dimensions are normal.giant pelvisPelvis aequabiliter justo major.gynecoid pelvisA normal female pelvis. Relative to the male pelvis, it has a wider bone structure and a more oval shape. halisteretic pelvisA deformed pelvis resulting from softening of bones because of osteomalacia..infantile pelvisAn adult pelvis that retains its infantile characteristics. Synonym: juvenile pelvispelvis justo majorAn unusually large pelvis.juvenile pelvisInfantile pelvis.kyphoscoliotic pelvisA deformed pelvis caused by rickets.kyphotic pelvisA deformed pelvis characterized by an increase of the conjugate diameter at the brim with reduction of the transverse diameter at the outlet.lordotic pelvisA deformed pelvis in which the spinal column has an anterior curvature in the lumbar region.pelvis majorFalse pelvis.masculine pelvisA female pelvis that resembles a male pelvis, esp. in that it is narrower, more conical, and heavier-boned and has a heart-shaped inlet. Synonym: android pelvispelvis minorTrue pelvis.pelvis obtectaA deformed pelvis in which the vertebral column extends across the pelvic inlet.osteomalacic pelvisA pelvis distorted because of osteomalacia. Synonym: elastic pelvisOtto pelvis See: Otto pelvisplatypellic pelvisA rare structural malformation that resembles a flattened gynecoid pelvis with shortened anteroposterior and wide transverse diameters.pseudo-osteomalacic pelvisA rachitic pelvis similar to that of a person with osteomalacia.rachitic pelvisA pelvis deformed from rickets. reduced pelvisPelvis aequabiliter justo minor.renal pelvisThe expanded proximal end of the ureter. It is within the renal sinus of the kidney and receives the urine through the major calyces. reniform pelvisA pelvis shaped like a kidney.Robert pelvis See: Robert pelvisrostrate pelvisBeaked pelvis.pelvis rotundaA tympanic depression in the inner wall, at the bottom of which is the fenestra rotunda.round pelvisA pelvis with a circular inlet.scoliotic pelvisA deformed pelvis resulting from spinal curvature.simple flat pelvisA pelvis with a shortened anteroposterior diameter.pelvis spinosaA rachitic pelvis with a pointed pubic crest. Synonym: Kilian pelvissplit pelvisA pelvis with a congenital division at the symphysis pubis.spondylolisthetic pelvisA pelvis in which the last lumbar vertebra is dislocated in front of the sacrum, causing occlusion of the brim.triradiate pelvisBeaked pelvis.true pelvisThe portion of the pelvis lying below the iliopectineal line. The dimensions of the true pelvis are of obstetrical significance in determining the success of fetal descent. Synonym: pelvis minor |