| 释义 |
sunburn
sun·burn S0885200 (sŭn′bûrn′)n. Inflammation or blistering of the skin caused by overexposure to direct sunlight.tr. & intr.v. sun·burned or sun·burnt (-bûrnt′), sun·burn·ing, sun·burns To affect or be affected with sunburn.sunburn (ˈsʌnˌbɜːn) n1. (Pathology) inflammation of the skin caused by overexposure to the sun. Technical name: erythema solare 2. (Physiology) another word for suntan ˈsunˌburnt, ˈsunˌburned adjsun•burn (ˈsʌnˌbɜrn)
n., v. -burned or -burnt, -burn•ing. n. 1. inflammation of the skin caused by overexposure to the sun or a sunlamp. 2. suntan (def. 1). v.t., v.i. 3. to affect or be affected with sunburn. [1520–30] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  sunburn - a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sunsuntan, tan, burnhyperpigmentation - unusual darkening of the skin | | 2. | sunburn - redness of the skin caused by exposure to the rays of the sunerythema solareerythema - abnormal redness of the skin resulting from dilation of blood vessels (as in sunburn or inflammation)first-degree burn - burn causing redness of the skin surface | | Verb | 1. | sunburn - get a sunburn by overexposure to the sunburndiscolour, discolor, color, colour - change color, often in an undesired manner; "The shirts discolored" |
Translationssun (san) noun1. the round body in the sky that gives light and heat to the earth. The Sun is nearly 150 million kilometres away from the Earth. 太陽 太阳2. any of the fixed stars. Do other suns have planets revolving round them? 恆星 恒星3. light and heat from the sun; sunshine. We sat in the sun; In Britain they don't get enough sun; The sun has faded the curtains. 日光 日光 verb – past tense, past participle sunned – to expose (oneself) to the sun's rays. He's sunning himself in the garden. 曬太陽 晒太阳ˈsunless adjective without sun, or lacking sunlight. a sunless room. 無日光的 无日光的ˈsunny adjective1. filled with sunshine. sunny weather. 和煦的 和煦的2. cheerful and happy. The child has a sunny nature. 快樂的 快乐的ˈsunniness noun 歡樂，和煦 欢乐，和煦 ˈsunbathe verb to lie or sit in the sun, especially wearing few clothes, in order to get a suntan. 日光浴 日光浴ˈsunbeam noun a ray of the sun. 一道陽光 一道阳光ˈsunburn noun the brown or red colour of the skin caused by exposure to the sun's rays. 曬傷 晒伤ˈsunburned, ˈsunburnt adjectivesunburnt faces. 曬傷的 晒伤的ˈsundial noun a device, usually in a garden, for telling time from the shadow of a rod or plate on its surface cast by the sun. 日昝 日昝ˈsundown noun (especially American) sunset. 日落 日落ˈsunflower noun a type of large yellow flower with petals like rays of the sun, from whose seeds we get oil. 向日葵 向日葵ˈsunglasses noun plural glasses of dark-coloured glass or plastic to protect the eyes in bright sunlight. 太陽眼鏡 太阳眼镜ˈsunlight noun the light of the sun. The cat was sitting in a patch of sunlight. 陽光 阳光ˈsunlit adjective lighted up by the sun. a sunlit room. 陽光照射的 阳光照射的ˈsunrise noun the rising of the sun in the morning, or the time of this. 日出 日出ˈsunset noun the setting of the sun, or the time of this. the red glow of the sunset. 日落 日落ˈsunshade noun a type of umbrella for sheltering a person from the sun; a parasol. 遮陽傘 遮阳伞ˈsunshine noun1. the light of the sun. The children were playing in the sunshine. 陽光 阳光2. cheerfulness or happiness. 快樂 快乐ˈsunstroke noun a serious illness caused by being in very hot sunshine for too long. 日射病，中暑 日射病，中暑 ˈsuntan noun a brown colour of the skin caused by exposure to the sun. I'm trying to get a suntan. 曬黑 晒黑catch the sun to become sunburnt. 曬黑的 晒黑的under the sun in the whole world. I'm sure that he must have visited every country under the sun. 世界上 在世界上，天下 sunburn
sunburn, inflammation of the skin caused by actinic rays from the sun or artificial sources. Moderate exposure to ultraviolet radiationultraviolet radiation,
invisible electromagnetic radiation between visible violet light and X rays; it ranges in wavelength from about 400 to 4 nanometers and in frequency from about 1015 to 1017 hertz.
..... Click the link for more information. is followed by a red blush, but severe exposure may result in blisters, pain, and constitutional symptoms. As ultraviolet rays penetrate the skin, they break down collagencollagen
, any of a group of proteins found in skin, ligaments, tendons, bone and cartilage, and other connective tissue. Cells called fibroblasts form the various fibers in connective tissue in the body.
..... Click the link for more information. and elastin, the two main structural components of the skin, a process that results in the wrinkled appearance of sun-damaged skin. In addition, the sun damages the DNA of the exposed skin cells. In response, the cells release enzymes that excise the damaged parts of the DNA and encourage the production of replacement DNA (a process that can go wrong and result in skin cancerskin cancer,
malignant tumor of the skin. The most common types of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Rarer forms include mycosis fungoides (a type of lymphoma) and Kaposi's sarcoma.
..... Click the link for more information. ). At the same time, the production of melaninmelanin
, water-insoluble polymer of various compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine. It is one of two pigments found in human skin and hair and adds brown to skin color; the other pigment is carotene, which contributes yellow coloring.
..... Click the link for more information. increases, darkening the skin. Melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color, acts as a barrier to further damage by absorbing ultraviolet light. A suntan results from this attempt by the skin to protect itself. Light-skinned persons and infants are especially susceptible to ultraviolet rays because they lack sufficient protective skin pigment. Certain diseases and drugs may also increase photosensitivity. Due to the increase in the incidence of skin cancer and the effects of ozone layerozone layer
or ozonosphere,
region of the stratosphere containing relatively high concentrations of ozone, located at altitudes of 12–30 mi (19–48 km) above the earth's surface.
..... Click the link for more information. depletion, more attention is being placed on protecting the skin from the sun's ultraviolet rays with broad spectrum sunscreens or clothing. Broad spectrum sunscreens block both UVA and UVB rays (two of the three bands of ultraviolet radiation). The relative UVB protection of a sunscreen is indicated by its SPF (sun protection factor) number. A higher number indicates a sunscreen that is more effective in preventing sunburn, but it is UVA radiation that is more likely to cause cancer and skin aging. A broad spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher is generally recommended by dermatologists. Some products may contain opaque formulations of zinc oxide or titanium dioxide that physically block all rays. sunburn[′sən‚bərn] (medicine) Skin inflammation due to overexposure to sunlight. sunburn1. inflammation of the skin caused by overexposure to the sun 2. another word for suntansunburn
Sunburn DefinitionInflammation of the skin caused by overexposure to the sun.DescriptionSunburn is caused by exposure to the ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun. There are two types of ultraviolet rays, UVA and UVB. UVA rays penetrate the skin more deeply and can cause melanoma in susceptible people. UVB rays, which don't penetrate as deeply, cause sunburn and wrinkling. Most UVB rays are absorbed by sunscreens, but only about half the UVA rays are absorbed.Skin cancer from sun overexposure is a serious health problem in the United States, affecting almost a million Americans each year. One out of 87 will develop malignant melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer, and 7,300 of them will die each year.Fair-skinned people are most susceptible to sunburn, because their skin produces only small amounts of the protective pigment called melanin. People trying to get a tan too quickly in strong sunlight are also more vulnerable to sunburn. While they have a lower risk, even the darkest-skinned people can get skin cancer.Repeated sun overexposure and burning can prematurely age the skin, causing yellowish, wrinkled skin. Overexposure can increase the risk of skin cancer, especially a serious burn in childhood.Causes and symptomsThe ultraviolet rays in sunlight destroy cells in the outer layer of the skin, damaging tiny blood vessels underneath. When the skin is burned, the blood vessels dilate and leak fluid. Cells stop making protein. Their DNA is damaged by the ultraviolet rays. Repeated DNA damage can lead to cancer.When the sun burns the skin, it triggers immune defenses which identify the burned skin as foreign. At the same time, the sun transforms a substance on the skin which interferes with this immune response. While this substance keeps the immune system from attacking a person's own skin, it also means that any malignant cells in the skin will be able to grow freely.Sunburn causes skin to turn red and blister. Several days later, the dead skin cells peel off. In severe cases, the burn may occur with sunstroke (vomiting, fever and collapse).DiagnosisVisual inspection and a history of exposure to the sun.TreatmentAspirin can ease pain and inflammation. Tender skin should be protected against the sun until it has healed. In addition, apply:- calamine lotion
- sunburn cream or spray
- cool tap water compress
- colloidal oatmeal (Aveeno) baths
- dusting powder to reduce chafing
People who are severely sunburned should see a doctor, who may prescribe corticosteroid cream to speed healing.Alternative treatmentOver-the-counter preparations containing aloe (Aloe barbadensis) are an effective treatment for sunburn, easing pain and inflammation while also relieving dryness of the skin. A variety of topical herbal remedies applied as lotions, poltices, or compresses may also help relieve the effects of sunburn. Calendula (Calendula officinalis) is one of the most frequently recommended to reduce inflammation.PrognosisModerately burned skin should heal within a week. While the skin will heal after a sunburn, the risk of skin cancer increases with exposure and subsequent burns. Even one bad burn in childhood carries an increased risk of skin cancer.PreventionEveryone from age six months on should use a water-resistant sunscreen with a sun protective factor (SPF) of at least 15. Apply at least an ounce 15-30 minutes before going outside. It should be reapplied every two hours (more often after swimming). Babies should be kept completely out of the sun for the first six months of life, because their skin is thinner than older children. Sunscreens have not been approved for infants.Key termsMalignant melanoma — The most deadly of the three types of skin cancer.Sunscreen — Products which block the damaging rays of the sun. Good sunscreens contain either para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) or benzophenone, or both. Sunscreen protection factors range from 2-45.In addition, people should:- limit sun exposure to 15 minutes the first day, even if the weather is hazy, slowly increasing exposure daily
- reapply sunscreen every two hours (more often if sweating or swimming)
- reapply waterproof sunscreen after swimming more than 80 minutes, after toweling off, or after perspiring heavily
- avoid the sun between 10 A.M. and 3 P.M.
- use waterproof sunscreen on legs and feet, since the sun can burn even through water
- wear an opaque shirt in water, because reflected rays are intensified
If using a sunscreen under SPF 15, simply applying more of the same SPF won't prolong allowed time in the sun. Instead, patients should use a higher SPF in order to lengthen exposure safely. A billed cap protects 70% of the face; a wide-brimmed hat is better. People at very high risk for skin cancer can wear clothing that blocks almost all UV rays, but most people can simply wear white cotton summer-weight clothing with a tight weave.ResourcesPeriodicalsTyler, Varro. "Aloe: Nature's Skin Soother." Prevention Magazine April 1, 1998: 94-96.sunburn [sun´bern] inflammation of the skin (an actual burn) caused by exposure to ultraviolet rays of the sun. Depending on how severe the burn is, the skin may simply redden or it may become blistered and sore—a second-degree burn. In extreme cases there may be fever.sun·burn (sŭn'bern), Erythema with or without blistering caused by exposure to critical amounts of ultraviolet light, usually within the range of 260-320 nm in sunlight (UVB). Synonym(s): erythema solaresunburn (sŭn′bûrn′)n. Inflammation or blistering of the skin caused by overexposure to direct sunlight.tr. & intr.v. sun·burned or sun·burnt (-bûrnt′), sun·burning, sun·burns To affect or be affected with sunburn.sun·burn (sŭn'bŭrn) Erythema with or without blistering caused by exposure to critical amounts of ultraviolet light, usually within the range of 260-320 nm in sunlight (UVB). sunburn The damaging effect of the ultraviolet component of sunlight on the skin. This varies from minor reddening to severe, disabling blistering.Patient discussion about sunburnQ. Itches on hands when i go out in sun When go out and when sun rays fall on my hand at the end of the day it starts itching bady and it becoms sowlen. Can any one tell reason for this and a solution.A. i don't use any lotion or creams. It happens only on my hands and only when sun rays fall on my hands. And small rashes also comes. Q. Can you get a serious burn injury from the sun? I went to the swimming pool today and i got burned. It looks like some one spilled boiling water all over my back.A. Yes you can.
not only that the sun exposure is a risk factor for skin cancer, sun burn can be very painful.
to ease the pain you can rub the burned area with cold yogurt.
sounds strange but worked for me :) Q. what does a sun block cream do? and what are a UV rays? A. It blocks out harmful Ultra violet rays from the skin as the previous entries have related; however it can also block your ability to produce vitamin D. If you live in a northerly area or one that receives limited sunlight, its recommended to get at least 15 minutes of sun a day (this is probably best done with minimal sunblock) and according to personnal sun sensitivity. Another thing to keep in mind is that sunblock works best if applied 20 minutes before sun exposure. More discussions about sunburnFinancialSeeSunsunburn
Synonyms for sunburnnoun a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sunSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun redness of the skin caused by exposure to the rays of the sunSynonymsRelated Words- erythema
- first-degree burn
verb get a sunburn by overexposure to the sunSynonymsRelated Words- discolour
- discolor
- color
- colour
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