| 释义 |
Perciformes
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | Perciformes - one of the largest natural groups of fishes of both marine and fresh water: true perches; basses; tunaorder Perciformes, order Percomorphi, Percomorphianimal order - the order of animalsAcanthopterygii, superorder Acanthopterygii - teleost fishes having fins with sharp bony raysPercoidea, suborder Percoidea - in some classifications nearly or exactly equivalent to the Perciformes which are considered a suborderpercoid, percoid fish, percoidean - any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of the order Perciformesperch - any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of various families of the order PerciformesAnabantidae, family Anabantidae - small freshwater spiny-finned fishes of Africa and southern Asiafamily Percidae, Percidae - active freshwater fishes; true perches and pike perchesfamily Trichodontidae, Trichodontidae - two species of elongate compressed scaleless large-eyed fishes that live in sand or mudfamily Ophidiidae, Ophidiidae - eellike marine fishesBrotulidae, family Brotulidae - chiefly deep-sea fishes related to the OphidiidaeCarapidae, family Carapidae - pearlfishes: related to the BrotulidaeCentropomidae, family Centropomidae - a family of fish or the order Perciformes including robalosEsocidae, family Esocidae - pikes; pickerels; muskellungesCentrarchidae, family Centrarchidae - sunfish familyfreshwater bream, bream - any of various usually edible freshwater percoid fishes having compressed bodies and shiny scales; especially (but not exclusively) of the genus Lepomisfamily Serranidae, Serranidae - marine fishes: sea basses; sea perches; groupers; jewfishEmbiotocidae, family Embiotocidae - viviparous percoid fishes comprising the surf fishesfamily Priacanthidae, Priacanthidae - small carnivorous percoid fishes found worldwide in tropical seasApogonidae, family Apogonidae - bright-colored marine fishes that incubate eggs in the mouthfamily Malacanthidae, Malacanthidae - short-headed marine fishes; often brightly coloredfamily Pomatomidae, Pomatomidae - food and game fishes related to pompanosfamily Rachycentridae, Rachycentridae - family of pelagic fishes containing solely the cobiaCarangidae, family Carangidae - large family of narrow-bodied marine food fishes with widely forked tails; chiefly of warm seasCoryphaenidae, family Coryphaenidae - large active pelagic percoid fishBramidae, family Bramidae - deep-bodied percoid fishes of the open seasBranchiostegidae, family Branchiostegidae - small family of marine fishes having covered gillsCichlidae, family Cichlidae - cichlidsfamily Lutjanidae, Lutjanidae - snappersfamily Haemulidae, Haemulidae - gruntsfamily Sparidae, Sparidae - porgies; scupssea bream, bream - any of numerous marine percoid fishes especially (but not exclusively) of the family Sparidaefamily Sciaenidae, Sciaenidae - warm-water marine fishes including the drums and grunts and croakers and sea troutfamily Mullidae, Mullidae - goatfishes or red mulletsMugiloidea, suborder Mugiloidea - fishes distinguished by abdominal pelvic fins: families Mugilidae; Atherinidae; Sphyraenidaefamily Kyphosidae, Kyphosidae - sea chubsEphippidae, family Ephippidae - small family comprising the spadefishesChaetodontidae, family Chaetodontidae - butterfly fishesfamily Pomacentridae, Pomacentridae - damselfishesfamily Labridae, Labridae - wrassesfamily Scaridae, Scaridae - parrotfishesfamily Polynemidae, Polynemidae - threadfinsfamily Opisthognathidae, Opisthognathidae - jawfishesfamily Uranoscopidae, Uranoscopidae - stargazersBlennioidea, suborder Blennioidea - blennies; butterfishes; gunnelsAmmodytidae, family Ammodytidae - sand lancesCallionymidae, family Callionymidae - dragonets |
Perciformes
Perciformes[‚pər·sə′fȯr‚mēz] (vertebrate zoology) The typical spiny-rayed fishes, comprising the largest order of vertebrates; characterized by fin spines, a swim bladder without a duct, usually ctenoid scales, and 17 or fewer caudal fin rays. Perciformes an order of fishes. In a number of species, such as the pike perch and the Eurasian perch, the swim bladder is attached to the intestinal tract only in the prelarval state; in some species the swim bladder is absent. The ventral fins are usually under or in front of the pectorals, and there are generally two dorsal fins. The fins, as a rule, have spiny rays. Remains of Perciformes are known from Upper Cretaceous deposits. Not counting Scorpaeniformes, which are often classified as a separate order, Perciformes contains more than 150 families. There are approximately 6,000 species, making up 16 suborders. Most families are in the suborders Percoidei (about 75) and Blennioidei (about 20). Species of Percoidei distributed in the waters of the USSR are the Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi), the Eurasian perch, the pike perch, the Volga pike perch (Lucioperca volgensis), the horse mackerel, sciaenids, the bluefish, Diplodus, and mullet. Fishes of the suborder Blennioidei found in the USSR include the sticklebacks, wolffishes, and eelpouts. Fishes of the suborders Scombreidae (Atlantic mackerel, Atlantic bonito, tuna, swordfish), Gobioidei (Gobiidae), and Trichiuridae (Trichiurus japonicus) also inhabit the waters of the USSR. Many species of Perciformes are commercially valuable. Particularly important in international commerce are sciaenids, tuna, and mackerel. Some species, such as the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), are raised in ponds. REFERENCESZhizn’zhivotnykh, vol. 4, part 1. Moscow, 1971. Lindberg, G. U. Opredelitel’i kharakteristika semeistv ryb mirovoi fauny. Leningrad, 1971.G. U. LINDBERG Perciformes
Related to Perciformes: Acanthopterygii |