referee

ref·e·ree

R0114100 (rĕf′ə-rē′)n.1. One to whom something is referred, especially for settlement, decision, or an opinion as to the thing's quality.2. Sports & Games An official supervising the play; an umpire.3. Law A person appointed by a court to assist a judge in the trying of a case or to hear certain types of cases.v. ref·e·reed, ref·e·ree·ing, ref·e·rees v.tr. To judge as referee.v.intr. To act as referee.

referee

(ˌrɛfəˈriː) n1. a person to whom reference is made, esp for an opinion, information, or a decision2. (General Sporting Terms) the umpire or judge in any of various sports, esp football and boxing, responsible for ensuring fair play according to the rules3. a person who is willing to testify to the character or capabilities of someone4. (Law) law See Official Referee5. (Professions) law See Official Refereevb, -ees, -eeing or -eed6. (General Sporting Terms) to act as a referee (in); preside (over)7. (Law) to act as a referee (in); preside (over)

ref•er•ee

(ˌrɛf əˈri)

n., v. -eed, -ee•ing. n. 1. a person to whom something is referred for decision or settlement. 2. a judge having functions fixed by the rules of a game or sport; umpire. 3. an authority who evaluates proposals for funding, scholarly papers for publication, etc. 4. Law. a person selected by a court to take testimony and recommend a decision. v.t. 5. to preside over as referee. v.i. 6. to act as referee. [1605–15] syn: See judge.

referee

a person who decides a matter when the parties to it are in conflict; an umpire or judge.See also: Argumentation

umpire

referee

An umpire or referee is an official whose job is to make sure that a game is played fairly and that the rules are not broken.

1. 'umpire'

These games have an umpire or umpires:

badminton	baseball	cricket	table tennis	tennis
volleyball

2. 'referee'

These games have a referee:

basketball	billiards	boxing	football	rugby football
snooker	wrestling

The official in charge of a hockey match is sometimes called an umpire and sometimes a referee.

referee

Past participle: refereed
Gerund: refereeing

Imperative
referee
referee

Present
I referee
you referee
he/she/it referees
we referee
you referee
they referee

Preterite
I refereed
you refereed
he/she/it refereed
we refereed
you refereed
they refereed

Present Continuous
I am refereeing
you are refereeing
he/she/it is refereeing
we are refereeing
you are refereeing
they are refereeing

Present Perfect
I have refereed
you have refereed
he/she/it has refereed
we have refereed
you have refereed
they have refereed

Past Continuous
I was refereeing
you were refereeing
he/she/it was refereeing
we were refereeing
you were refereeing
they were refereeing

Past Perfect
I had refereed
you had refereed
he/she/it had refereed
we had refereed
you had refereed
they had refereed

Future
I will referee
you will referee
he/she/it will referee
we will referee
you will referee
they will referee

Future Perfect
I will have refereed
you will have refereed
he/she/it will have refereed
we will have refereed
you will have refereed
they will have refereed

Future Continuous
I will be refereeing
you will be refereeing
he/she/it will be refereeing
we will be refereeing
you will be refereeing
they will be refereeing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been refereeing
you have been refereeing
he/she/it has been refereeing
we have been refereeing
you have been refereeing
they have been refereeing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been refereeing
you will have been refereeing
he/she/it will have been refereeing
we will have been refereeing
you will have been refereeing
they will have been refereeing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been refereeing
you had been refereeing
he/she/it had been refereeing
we had been refereeing
you had been refereeing
they had been refereeing

Conditional
I would referee
you would referee
he/she/it would referee
we would referee
you would referee
they would referee

Past Conditional
I would have refereed
you would have refereed
he/she/it would have refereed
we would have refereed
you would have refereed
they would have refereed

referee

Arbiter who officiates the game and is also the time keeper.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	referee - (sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair playrefathletics, sport - an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competitionofficial - someone who administers the rules of a game or sport; "the golfer asked for an official who could give him a ruling"
	2.	referee - someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publicationreviewer, readercritic - anyone who expresses a reasoned judgment of somethingscanner - someone who scans verse to determine the number and prosodic value of the syllables
	3.	referee - an attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a caselaw, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"attorney, lawyer - a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice
Verb	1.	referee - be a referee or umpire in a sports competitionumpireathletics, sport - an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competitionjudge - determine the result of (a competition)
	2.	referee - evaluate professionally a colleague's workpeer reviewcritique, review - appraise critically; "She reviews books for the New York Times"; "Please critique this performance"

referee

noun1. umpire, judge, ref (informal), arbiter, arbitrator, adjudicator The referee stopped the fight.verb1. umpire, judge, mediate, adjudicate, arbitrate He has refereed in two World Cups.

referee

nounA person, usually appointed, who decides the issues or results, or supervises the conduct, of a competition or conflict:arbiter, arbitrator, judge, umpire.Sports: ref, ump.verbTo make a decision about (a controversy or dispute, for example) after deliberation, as in a court of law:adjudge, adjudicate, arbitrate, decide, decree, determine, judge, rule, umpire.

Translations

裁判员介绍人担任裁判推荐人

refer

(rəˈfəː) – past tense, past participle reˈferred – verb (with to). 1. to talk or write (about something); to mention. He doesn't like anyone referring to his wooden leg; I referred to your theories in my last book. 提到，（谈）到 2. to relate to, concern, or apply to. My remarks refer to your last letter. 提到，针对，关系到指的是 3. to send or pass on to someone else for discussion, information, a decision etc. The case was referred to a higher law-court; I'll refer you to the managing director.提交4. to look for information (in something). If I'm not sure how to spell a word, I refer to a dictionary.查阅referee (refəˈriː) noun1. a person who controls boxing, football etc matches, makes sure that the rules are not broken etc. The referee sent two of the players off the field.裁判员2. a person who is willing to provide a note about one's character, ability etc, eg when one applies for new job. 介绍人，推荐人鉴定人 verb – past tense, past participle ˌrefeˈreed – to act as a referee for a match. I've been asked to referee (a football match) on Saturday.担任裁判reference (ˈrefərəns) noun1. (an) act of referring (to something); a mention (of something). He made several references to her latest book; With reference to your request for information, I regret to inform you that I am unable to help you. 提及，涉及 2. a note about one's character, ability etc, eg when one applies for a new job. Our new secretary had excellent references from her previous employers. 推荐信，介绍信关于品行、能力等的）证明、介绍 3. an indication in a book, report etc, showing where one got one's information or where further information can be found. 参考书目，引文 reference book a book which is not usually read from beginning to end but which is consulted occasionally for information, eg a dictionary or encyclopaedia. 参考书reference library a library of books to be looked at for information but not borrowed. 参考书阅览室

reference, noun, is spelt with -r-.
referred and referring are spelt with -rr-.

referee

→ 裁判员zhCN

Referee

A judicial officer who presides over civil hearings but usually does not have the authority or power to render judgment.

Referees are usually appointed by a judge in the district in which the judge presides. Referees aid the judge by hearing certain matters and by making recommendations concerning special or complicated issues. Judges generally delegate a portion of their judicial power to referees, who then report their recommendations to the judge concerning the issue.

The English chancery master was the fore-runner of the present-day referee. In eighteenth-century England, the chancellor courts used special masters to aid the chancery in handling its expanding Equity jurisdiction. Accordingly, the chancery master aided the chancellor only in equitable matters, such as marriage dissolutions, trust matters, and financial accountings. U.S. jurisdictions adopted the use of special masters or referees modeled on the English chancery master.

In most jurisdictions a referee must be an attorney. Nevertheless, in some complex property or financial matters, a judge may appoint a person who is not an attorney to preside over a dispute and to make recommendations. The term reference usually refers to the trial and determination of issues arising in a civil action by a person appointed for that purpose by the court. An order of reference, which is also called a referral order, is the court order that appoints the referee to hear and recommend action on the issues that are specified in the order.

Judges generally appoint a referee to hear complicated matters, such as financial accountings, property lien issues, or business valuation disputes. Many jurisdictions also have referees who are appointed to hear specified special-jurisdiction matters, such as Family Law, trust and probate, and pretrial discovery disputes. Parties to an action may agree to have a matter heard by a referee. In some jurisdictions the parties' consent to the appointment of a referee to hear the matter may result in the parties' waiver of any right to a jury trial.

A referee makes recommendations to the judge or court that appoints the referee but generally does not issue enforceable orders. A referee generally cannot render judgment in a case. The referee's general duty is to provide a report to the appointing judge on the issues of fact or law that prompted the referee's appointment. It has been said that "nothing can originate before a referee, and nothing can terminate with or by the decision of a referee." Referees generally serve at the pleasure of the judge and accordingly hold less judicial authority than the appointing judge. As a judicial officer, a referee is subject to the Code of Judicial Conduct.

In some jurisdictions a referee may be called a Special Master, court commissioner, or a magistrate. The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, for example, allow for the appointment of a "master," who can be a referee, an auditor, an examiner, or an assessor. Generally, however, the duties of a master are the same as those of a referee, and the appointing judge may limit the master's powers to report only on specified issues or to perform only particular acts. The federal judiciary also uses magistrate judges—judicial officers who perform a broad range of delegated or statutory duties, such as presiding over initial hearings in criminal cases, misdemeanor trials, pretrial proceedings, and the trial of civil cases. The Federal Magistrate Act of 1968 (Pub. L. No. 90-578, 82 Stat. 1107 [codified at 28 U.S.C.A. §§ 604, 631–639]) created the current system of federal magistrate judges and governs the duties of such magistrates.

referee

n. a person to whom a judge refers a case to take testimony or acquire other evidence such as financial records and report to the court on the referee's findings. (See: master)

REFEREE. A person to whom has been referred a matter in dispute, in order that he may settle it. His judgment is called an award. Vide Arbitrator; Reference.

referee

ref·e·ree

referee

ref•er•ee

referee

umpire

referee

referee

referee

referee

refer

referee

Referee

What does it mean when you dream about a referee?

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Further readings

referee

referee

Synonyms for referee

noun umpire

Synonyms

verb umpire

Synonyms

Synonyms for referee

noun a person, usually appointed, who decides the issues or results, or supervises the conduct, of a competition or conflict

Synonyms

verb to make a decision about (a controversy or dispute, for example) after deliberation, as in a court of law

Synonyms

Synonyms for referee

noun (sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play

Synonyms

Related Words

noun someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication

Synonyms

Related Words

noun an attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a case

Related Words

verb be a referee or umpire in a sports competition

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Related Words

verb evaluate professionally a colleague's work

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Related Words