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sodium thiosulfate
sodium thiosulfaten. A white crystalline compound, Na2S2O3, often prepared as a pentahydrate, used as a photographic fixing agent, as a bleach and antichlor, as an antidote for cyanide poisoning, and as an antifungal agent. Also called hypo1, hyposulfite, sodium hyposulfite.so′dium thiosul′fate
n. a white, crystalline, water-soluble powder, Na2S2O3∙5H2O, used as a bleach and in photography as a fixing agent. Also called hypo, hyposulfite, sodium hyposulfite. [1880–85] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  sodium thiosulfate - a compound used as a fixing agent in photographic developinghypo, sodium thiosulphatefixing agent, fixer - a chemical compound that sets or fixes something (as a dye or a photographic image) |
sodium thiosulfate
sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3, colorless crystalline compound that is more familiar as the pentahydrate, Na2S2O3·5H2O, an efflorescent, monoclinic crystalline substance also called sodium hyposulfite or "hypo." Sodium thiosulfate is readily soluble in water and is a mild reducing agent. Because it dissolves silver salts, its major use is in photography for developing film. It is also used in chrome-tanning leather and in chemical manufacture. Sodium thiosulfate is produced chiefly from liquid waste products of sodium sulfide or sulfur dye manufacture. It is also produced from sodium carbonate, sulfur dioxide, and sulfur by a process that involves several steps.Sodium Thiosulfate (also sodium hyposulfite, N2S2O3), colorless crystals freely soluble in water (41.2 percent by weight at 20°C, 69.9 percent at 80°C). Sodium thiosulfate forms several crystal hydrates, of which only the pentahydrate Na2S2O3·5H2O is used in industry and in the laboratory. Sodium thiosulfate is obtained by boiling a solution of sodium sulfite with sulfur in powder form: Na2SO3 + S = Na2S2O3. It is used as a fixing agent in photography and for determinations of iodine in iodometry; it also finds use in the textile industry and in other fields. In medicine, sodium thiosulfate is used as a desensitizer, an antiphlogistic, and an antitoxic agent. The antitoxic effect is based on the ability of sodium thiosulfate to form nontoxic compounds, including sulfites with arsenic, thallium, mercury, and lead and rhodanides with hydrocyanic acid. Sodium thiosulfate is usually administered intravenously (as a 10–30 percent solution) to those suffering from arthritis, dermatosis, poisoning, and illnesses related to allergies. sodium thiosulfate[′sōd·ē·əm ‚thī·ə′səl‚fāt] (inorganic chemistry) Na2S2O3·5H2O White, translucent crystals or powder with a melting point of 48°C; soluble in water and oil of turpentine; used as a fixing agent in photography, for extracting silver from ore, in medicine, and as a sequestrant in food. Also known as sodium hyposulfite; sodium subsulfite. sodium thiosulfate
sodium [so´de-um] a chemical element, atomic number 11, atomic weight 22.990, symbol Na. (See Appendix 6.) Sodium is the major cation of the extracellular fluid, constituting 90 to 95 per cent of all cations in the blood plasma and interstitial fluid; it thus determines the osmolality of the extracellular fluid. The serum sodium concentration is normally about 140 mEq/L. If the sodium level and osmolality fall, osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus are stimulated and cause the release of antidiuretic hormone from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. This hormone increases the absorption of water in the collecting ducts of the kidneys so that water is conserved while sodium and other electrolytes are excreted in the urine. If the sodium level and osmolality rise, neurons in the thirst center of the hypothalamus are stimulated. The thirsty person then drinks enough water to restore the osmolality of the extracellular fluid to the normal level.
A decrease in the serum sodium concentration (hyponatremia) can occur in a variety of conditions. It is often associated with volume" >deficient fluid volume due to diarrhea or vomiting when water is replaced faster than sodium. It can also occur in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, in the late stages of heart failure" >congestive heart failure or cirrhosis of the liver, in acute or chronic renal failure, and in diuretic therapy. An increase in the serum sodium concentration (hypernatremia) occurs when insensible water loss is not replaced by drinking, as in a comatose patient with diabetes insipidus.sodium acetate a source of sodium ions for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, as well as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.sodium ascorbate an antiscorbutic vitamin and nutritional supplement for parenteral administration. It is also used as an aid to deferoxamine therapy in the treatment of chronic iron toxicity.sodium benzoate an antifungal agent also used in a test of liver function.sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3, a white powder commonly found in households. It has a wide variety of uses in chemistry, in pharmaceuticals, and in consumer products. It is sometimes taken in water as a remedy for acid indigestion but should not be used regularly since when taken in excess it tends to cause alkalosis. It can be mixed with water and applied as a paste for relief of pain in treatment of minor burns and insect bites and stings. A cupful in the bath water may help relieve itching caused by an allergic reaction. Called also baking soda and bicarbonate of soda.sodium biphosphate monobasic sodium phosphate.sodium carbonate a compound now used primarily as an alkalizing agent in pharmaceuticals; it has been used as a lotion or bath in the treatment of scaly skin, and as a detergent.sodium chloride common table salt, a necessary constituent of the body and therefore of the diet, involved in maintaining osmotic tension of blood and tissues; uses include replenishment of electrolytes in the body, irrigation of wounds and body cavities, enema, inhaled mucolytic, topical osmotic ophthalmic agent, and preparation of pharmaceuticals. Called also salt.sodium citrate a sodium salt of citric acid, used as an anticoagulant for blood or plasma that is to be fractionated or for blood that is to be stored. It is also administered orally as a urinary alkalizer.dibasic sodium phosphate a salt of phosphoric acid; used alone or in combination with other phosphate compounds, it is given intravenously as an electrolyte replenisher, orally or rectally as a laxative, and orally as a urinary acidifier and for prevention of kidney stones.sodium ferric gluconate a hematinic used especially in treatment of hemodialysis patients with anemia" >iron deficiency anemia who are also receiving erythropoietin therapy. Administered by intravenous injection.sodium fluoride a dental caries preventative used in fluoridation of drinking water or applied topically to teeth. Topical preparations include gels (sodium fluoride and phosphoric acid gel, also called APF gel) and solutions (sodium fluoride and acidulated phosphate topical solution, also called APF solution).sodium glutamate monosodium glutamate.sodium hydroxide NaOH, a strongly alkaline and caustic compound; used as an alkalizing agent in pharmaceuticals.sodium hypochlorite a compound having germicidal, deodorizing, and bleaching properties; used in solution to disinfect utensils, and in diluted form (Dakin's solution) as a local antibacterial.sodium iodide a compound used as a source of iodine.sodium lactate a compound used in solution to replenish body fluids and electrolytes.monobasic sodium phosphate 1. a monosodium salt of phosphoric acid; used in buffer solutions, as a urinary acidifier, as a laxative, and as a source of phosphorus in hypophosphatemia, often in combination with potassium phosphate.2. a monosodium salt of phosphoric acid; used in buffer solutions. Used alone or in combination with other phosphate compounds, it is given intravenously as an electrolyte replenisher, orally or rectally as a laxative, and orally as a urinary acidifier and for prevention of kidney stones.sodium monofluorophosphate a dental caries preventative applied topically to the teeth.sodium nitrite an antidote for cyanide poisoning; also used as a preservative in cured meats and other foods.sodium nitroprusside an antihypertensive agent used in the treatment of acute congestive heart failure and of hypertensive crisis and to produce controlled hypotension during surgery; also used as a reagent.sodium phenylbutyrate an agent used as adjunctive treatment to control the hyperammonemia of pediatric urea cycle enzyme disorders.sodium phosphate any of various compounds of sodium and phosphoric acid; usually specifically dibasic sodium phosphate.sodium polystyrene sulfonate an resin" >ion-exchange resin used for removal of potassium ions in hyperkalemia, administered orally or rectally.sodium propionate a salt used as an antifungal preservative in foods and pharmaceuticals and as a topical antifungal agent.sodium salicylate see salicylate.sodium sulfate a cathartic and laxative.sodium thiosulfate a compound used intravenously as an antidote for cyanide poisoning" >cyanide poisoning, in foot baths for prophylaxis of ringworm" >ringworm, and as a topical antifungal agent for tinea versicolor" >tinea versicolor. Also used in measuring the volume of extracellular body fluid and the renal rate" >glomerular filtration rate.so·di·um thi·o·sul·fatean antidote in cyanide poisoning in conjunction with sodium nitrite; used as a prophylactic agent against ringworm infections in swimming pools and baths, and to measure the extracellular fluid volume of the body. Synonym(s): sodium hyposulfiteso·di·um thi·o·sul·fate (sōdē-ŭm thīō-sŭlfāt) An injectable compound used immediately after injection of sodium nitrate in the antidotal treatment of cyanide poisoning in the U.S. so·di·um thi·o·sul·fate (sōdē-ŭm thīō-sŭlfāt) An injectable compound used immediately after injection of sodium nitrate in the antidotal treatment of cyanide poisoning in the U.S. sodium thiosulfate
Synonyms for sodium thiosulfatenoun a compound used as a fixing agent in photographic developingSynonymsRelated Words |