types of compliance

types of compliance

‘three means – physical, material, and symbolic – employed within organizations to make subjects comply’, identified by Amitai Etzioni (A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organizations, 1961):
  1. coercive power, resting ‘on the application, or the threat of application of physical sanctions’;
  2. remunerative power, based ‘on control over material resources and rewards through allocation of salaries, wages’, etc.;
  3. normative power, resting ‘on the allocation and manipulation of symbolic rewards and deprivations’.

    These three modes of compliance are associated with three kinds of involvement: alienative, calculative, and moral.