proper time

Time measured by a clock that is sharing the observer's motion. Clocks moving with respect to the observer, or experiencing a different gravitational field, will measure time to flow at a different rate to that of proper time. See also relativity, special theory.

Proper Time

in the theory of relativity, the time measured by a clock in the proper frame of reference of a moving body. In other words, proper time is the time measured by a clock rigidly attached to the body—that is, a clock at rest with respect to the body and located in the same place as the body.

The duration of a process, as measured by an observer outside the body in which the process occurs, depends on the relative velocity of the observer and the body. In measurements far from attracting bodies, the special theory of relativity can be used (seeRELATIVITY, THEORY OF). Suppose the measurements are made in some inertial (laboratory) frame of reference and the body moves with the constant velocity v relative to the frame. The relation between the proper time interval Δτ and the observer’s time interval Δτ is then , where c is the speed of light in a vacuum. If v varies with time, then the proper time interval corresponding to the observer’s time interval between t₁ and t₂ is

When gravitational fields are present, the general theory of relativity must be used. The strength of a gravitational field is indicated by the absolute value of the gravitational potential φ. The potential is in fact negative; outside the field, φ is assumed to be equal to zero. The larger the absolute value of φ, the slower the flow of the proper time of a process in the gravitational field from the point of view of an observer outside the field. For fields that are sufficiently weak—that is, when ǀφǀ/c² << 1—the relation between the proper time interval Δτ according to a stationary clock at a point with the potential φ and the time interval Δt for a stationary observer outside the field is given by the equation Δτ = (1 – ǀφǀ/c²)Δt.

It can be seen from the above equations that the proper time interval is always shorter than the time interval measured in any other frame of reference.

I. IU. KOBZAREV

proper time

[′präp·ər ′tīm] (relativity) The time measured by an ideal clock that is carried along with a specified particle, and is based on the invariant timelike space-time intervals between points along the particle's trajectory.

单词	proper time
释义	proper time proper time n (Astronomy) time measured by a clock that has the same motion as the observer. Any clock in motion relative to the observer, or in a different gravitational field, will not, according to the theory of relativity, measure proper time proper time proper time Time measured by a clock that is sharing the observer's motion. Clocks moving with respect to the observer, or experiencing a different gravitational field, will measure time to flow at a different rate to that of proper time. See also relativity, special theory. Proper Time in the theory of relativity, the time measured by a clock in the proper frame of reference of a moving body. In other words, proper time is the time measured by a clock rigidly attached to the body—that is, a clock at rest with respect to the body and located in the same place as the body. The duration of a process, as measured by an observer outside the body in which the process occurs, depends on the relative velocity of the observer and the body. In measurements far from attracting bodies, the special theory of relativity can be used (seeRELATIVITY, THEORY OF). Suppose the measurements are made in some inertial (laboratory) frame of reference and the body moves with the constant velocity v relative to the frame. The relation between the proper time interval Δτ and the observer’s time interval Δτ is then , where c is the speed of light in a vacuum. If v varies with time, then the proper time interval corresponding to the observer’s time interval between t₁ and t₂ is When gravitational fields are present, the general theory of relativity must be used. The strength of a gravitational field is indicated by the absolute value of the gravitational potential φ. The potential is in fact negative; outside the field, φ is assumed to be equal to zero. The larger the absolute value of φ, the slower the flow of the proper time of a process in the gravitational field from the point of view of an observer outside the field. For fields that are sufficiently weak—that is, when ǀφǀ/c² << 1—the relation between the proper time interval Δτ according to a stationary clock at a point with the potential φ and the time interval Δt for a stationary observer outside the field is given by the equation Δτ = (1 – ǀφǀ/c²)Δt. It can be seen from the above equations that the proper time interval is always shorter than the time interval measured in any other frame of reference. I. IU. KOBZAREV proper time [′präp·ər ′tīm] (relativity) The time measured by an ideal clock that is carried along with a specified particle, and is based on the invariant timelike space-time intervals between points along the particle's trajectory.
随便看	accelerated test accelerated time of flight mass spectrometry accelerated titration design accelerated training program accelerated turnover to vietnam accelerated vector restoration accelerated ventricular rhythm accelerated waste retrieval system accelerated weathering accelerate north decelerate south accelerates accelerate-stop distance available accelerate your destiny accelerate your game accelerating accelerating admixture accelerating agent accelerating catholic church reform accelerating center accelerating change in built environment education accelerating contactor or relay accelerating economic recovery in asia accelerating electrode accelerating f accelerating fibers