| 释义 |
shallenUK
shall S0313700 (shăl)aux.v. Past tense should (sho͝od) 1. Used before a verb in the infinitive to show:a. Something that will take place or exist in the future: We shall arrive tomorrow.b. An order, promise, requirement, or obligation: You shall leave now. He shall answer for his misdeeds. The penalty shall not exceed two years in prison.c. The will to do something or have something take place: I shall go out if I feel like it.d. Something that is inevitable: That day shall come.2. Archaic a. To be able to.b. To have to; must.
[Middle English schal, from Old English sceal; see skel- in Indo-European roots.]Usage Note: The traditional rules for using shall and will prescribe a highly complicated pattern of use in which the meanings of the forms change according to the person of the subject. In the first person, shall is used to indicate simple futurity: I shall (not will) have to buy another ticket. In the second and third persons, the same sense of futurity is expressed by will: The comet will (not shall) return in 87 years. You will (not shall) probably encounter some heavy seas when you round the point. The use of will in the first person and of shall in the second and third may express determination, promise, obligation, or permission, depending on the context. Thus I will leave tomorrow indicates that the speaker is determined to leave; You and she shall leave tomorrow is likely to be interpreted as a command. The sentence You shall have your money expresses a promise ("I will see that you get your money"), whereas You will have your money makes a simple prediction. Such, at least, are the traditional rules. The English and some traditionalists about usage are probably the only people who follow these rules and then not with perfect consistency. In America, people who try to adhere to them run the risk of sounding pretentious or haughty. Americans normally use will to express most of the senses reserved for shall in English usage. Americans use shall chiefly in first person invitations and questions that request an opinion or agreement, such as Shall we go? and in certain fixed expressions, such as We shall overcome. In formal style, Americans use shall to express an explicit obligation, as in Applicants shall provide a proof of residence, though this sense is also expressed by must or should. In speech the distinction that the English signal by the choice of shall or will may be rendered by stressing the auxiliary, as in I will leave tomorrow ("I intend to leave"); by choosing another auxiliary, such as must or have to; or by using an adverb such as certainly. · In addition to its sense of obligation, shall can also convey high moral seriousness that derives in part from its extensive use in the King James Bible, as in "Righteousness shall go before him and shall set us in the way of his steps" (Ps 85:13) and "He that shall humble himself shall be exalted" (Mt 23:12). The prophetic overtones that shall bears with it have no doubt led to its use in some of the loftiest rhetoric in English. This may be why Lincoln chose to use it instead of will in the Gettysburg Address: "government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth." See Usage Note at should.shall (ʃæl; unstressed ʃəl) vb, past should1. (esp with: I or we as subject) used as an auxiliary to make the future tense: we shall see you tomorrow. Compare will112. a. used as an auxiliary to indicate determination on the part of the speaker, as in issuing a threat: you shall pay for this!. b. used as an auxiliary to indicate compulsion, now esp in official documents: the Tenant shall return the keys to the Landlord. c. used as an auxiliary to indicate certainty or inevitability: our day shall come. 3. (with any noun or pronoun as subject, esp in conditional clauses or clauses expressing doubt) used as an auxiliary to indicate nonspecific futurity: I don't think I shall ever see her again; he doubts whether he shall be in tomorrow. [Old English sceal; related to Old Norse skal, Old High German scal, Dutch zal]Usage: The usual rule given for the use of shall and will is that where the meaning is one of simple futurity, shall is used for the first person of the verb and will for the second and third: I shall go tomorrow; they will be there now. Where the meaning involves command, obligation, or determination, the positions are reversed: it shall be done; I will definitely go. However, shall has come to be largely neglected in favour of will, which has become the commonest form of the future in all three personsshall (ʃæl; unstressed ʃəl)
auxiliary v., pres. shall; 1. plan to or intend to: I shall go later. 2. will have to or is determined to: You shall do it. He shall do it. 3. (in laws, directives, etc.) must; is or are obliged to: Council meetings shall be public. 4. (used interrogatively): Shall we go? [before 900; Middle English shal, Old English sceal; c. Old Saxon skal, Old High German scal, Old Norse skal; compare Dutch zal, German soll] usage: The traditional rule of usage says that future time is indicated by shall in the first person (We shall explain) and will in the other persons (You will be there, won't you?). The rule continues that determination is expressed by will in the first person (We will win the battle) and shall in the other persons (They shall not bully us). Whether this rule was ever widely observed is doubtful. Today, will is used overwhelmingly in all persons, in all types of speech and writing, both for the simple future and to express determination. shall has some use in all persons, chiefly in formal contexts, to express determination: I shall return. We shall overcome. shall also occurs in the language of laws and directives: All visitors shall observe posted regulations. See also should. shall will">will1. 'shall' and 'will'Shall and will are used to make statements and ask questions about the future. Shall and will are not usually pronounced in full after a pronoun. When writing down what someone has said, the contraction 'll is usually used after the pronoun, instead of writing shall or will in full. He'll come back.'They'll be late,' he said.Shall and will have the negative forms shall not and will not. In speech, these are usually shortened to shan't /ʃɑːnt/ and won't /wəʊnt/. Shan't is rather old-fashioned, and is rarely used in American English. I shan't ever do it again.You won't need a coat.It used to be considered correct to write shall after I or we, and will after any other pronoun or noun phrase. Now, most people write will after I and we, and this is not regarded as incorrect, although I shall and we shall are still sometimes used. I hope some day I will meet you.We will be able to help.I shall be out of the office on Monday.There are a few special cases in which you use shall, rather than 'will': 2. suggestionsYou can make a suggestion about what you and someone else should do by asking a question beginning with 'Shall we...?' Shall we go out for dinner?You can also suggest what you and someone else should do by using a sentence that begins with 'Let's...' and ends with '...shall we?' Let's have a cup of tea, shall we?3. asking for adviceYou can use shall I or shall we when you are asking for suggestions or advice. What shall I give them for dinner?Where shall we meet?4. offeringYou can say 'Shall I... ?' when you are offering to do something. Shall I shut the door?Will also has some special uses: 5. requestsYou can use will you to make a request. Will you take these upstairs for me, please?Don't tell anyone, will you?6. invitationsYou can also use will you or the negative form won't you to make an invitation. Won't you is very formal and polite. Will you stay to lunch?Won't you sit down, Sir?7. abilityWill is sometimes used to say that someone or something is able to do something. This will get rid of your headache.The car won't start.Be Careful!
You don't normally use 'shall' or 'will' in clauses beginning with words and expressions such as when, before, or as soon as. Instead you use the present simple. Don't say, for example, 'I'll call as soon as I shall get home'. Say 'I'll call as soon as I get home'. Translationsshall (ʃəl) , (ʃӕl) – short forms I'll ~we'll: negative short form shan't (ʃaːnt) – verb1. used to form future tenses of other verbs when the subject is I or we. We shall be leaving tomorrow; I shall have arrived by this time tomorrow. (用於第一人稱)將要 （用于第一人称）将要 2. used to show the speaker's intention. I shan't be late tonight. (表示說話者的意向)應該 （表示说话者的意向）应该、必须等 3. used in questions, the answer to which requires a decision. Shall I tell him, or shan't I?; Shall we go now? (用於問句中)好嗎？要不要... （用于问句中）表示好吗？要不要...？ 4. used as a form of command. You shall go if I say you must. (用於命令)必須 （用于命令）必须 - I shall be leaving tomorrow morning at ten a.m. (US)
I will be leaving tomorrow morning at ten a.m. (UK) → 我明天上午十点钟退房
shallenUK
speak of the devil, and he shall appearAn acknowledgment of a person who has arrived just as or after they were being discussed. John: "Hey everyone, sorry I'm late!" Dave: "Well, speak of the devil, and he shall appear! We were just talking about something funny you said the other day."See also: and, appear, he, of, shall, speaktalk of the devil, and he shall appearAn acknowledgment of a person who has arrived just as or after they were being discussed. John: "Hey everyone, sorry I'm late!" Dave: "Well, talk of the devil, and he shall appear! We were just chatting about something funny you said the other day."See also: and, appear, he, of, shall, talkthis too shall pass (away)Nothing is permanent. This phrase is often used as encouragement to remind someone that a bad or unpleasant situation will eventually end. While I was going through my divorce, I was constantly reminding myself that this too shall pass. I know you're grieving now, but believe me, this too shall pass.See also: pass, shall, thisas you sow, so shall you reapYour actions dictate the consequences. The phrase is Biblical in origin. Of course you're exhausted in class—you stay up too late! As you sow, so shall you reap. Of course you're being investigated for tax fraud—you've spent years trying to avoid paying them. As you sow, so shall you reap.See also: reap, shallblessed is he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointedHaving high expectations often leads to disappointment when the desired result does not occur, so keeping expectations low will save one from being disappointed. I promised myself I wouldn't get my hopes up, so when I found out that my first-choice school had rejected me, I was actually OK with it. Blessed is he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed.See also: blessed, disappointed, expect, he, never, shall, whoEast is East and West is West (and never the twain shall meet)Said of two things are too different to ever be agreeable or harmonious. The phrase comes from a Rudyard Kipling poem. If you learn young that East is East and West is West, you won't waste time trying to convert people to your views.See also: and, east, never, shall, twain, westnever the twain shall meetThese two people, things, or groups are so fundamentally different from one another that they will never be able to coexist or think alike. Primarily heard in US. My best friend is a staunch conservative, while my brother is a hardcore liberal, and never the twain shall meet.See also: meet, never, shall, twainShall I be mother?An offer to pour tea or serve food, as it was traditionally the mother who served such things in the household. Primarily heard in UK. The tea's ready. Shall I be mother?See also: shallwho shall remain namelessUsed to specify that someone will remain anonymous in a discussion so as to avoid embarrassing them, getting them into trouble, or to highlight that they already know what they've done. It seems that one of our technicians, who shall remain nameless, failed to properly shut down the system before maintenance took place, resulting in outages across the city. Someone, who shall remain nameless, spilled coffee on the photocopier, so it will be out of commission for the next week or so.See also: nameless, remain, shall, whoseek and ye shall findYou will find inevitably what you are looking for if you look hard enough or in the right way. A: "There are no jobs out there!" B: "No, there are plenty of jobs out there. You just need to be willing to broaden your scope a bit. Seek and ye shall find."See also: and, find, seek, shall, yethis too shall happen to youYou will eventually experience the same thing that someone else is currently experiencing. Don't tease me for walking so slow, my back hurts! This too shall happen to you, you know—you won't be 25 forever.See also: happen, shall, thisAs you sow, so shall you reap, and As a man sows, so shall he reap.Prov. Things will happen to you good or bad, according to how you behave. (Biblical.) You should stop being so cruel to other people. As you sow, so shall you reap. Fred built an immense fortune by swindling others, but lost it all when someone swindled him. As a man sows, so shall he reap.See also: reap, shallBlessed is he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed.Prov. If you do not expect good things to happen, you will not be disappointed when they fail to happen. Ellen: This is going to be the best vacation we've ever had; we're going to have fun every minute of every day. Fred: Blessed is he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed. Jill: Do you think you'll win the contest? Jane: I like to keep in mind that blessed is he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed.See also: blessed, disappointed, expect, he, never, shall, whoSeek and ye shall find.Prov. If you search hard enough for something, you will find it. (Biblical. Can imply that the only thing you need to do to get something is look for it.) The bookstore on the corner is an excellent one. Any book you want, just seek and ye shall find.See also: and, find, seek, shall, yenever the twain shall meet or ne'er the twain shall meet LITERARYPeople say never the twain shall meet or ne'er the twain shall meet when they believe that there are so many differences between two groups of people or two groups of things that they can never exist together. The British education system is notorious for separating the sciences and the humanities. This academic `ne'er the twain shall meet' policy does not always reflect the needs of the real world. Note: People often vary this expression. For example, they say that the twain should meet or the twain are not supposed to meet. Although they recognised differences between East and West, they went on to argue that the twain should and must meet. Note: `Twain' is an old-fashioned word meaning two. This is a quotation from `The Ballad of East and West' (1889) by the English poet Rudyard Kipling: `Oh, East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet.' See also: meet, never, shall, twainnever the twain shall meet two people or things are too different to exist alongside or understand each other. This phrase comes from Rudyard Kipling's poem ‘The Ballad of East and West’ ( 1892 ): ‘Oh, East is East and West is West, and never the twain shall meet’.See also: meet, never, shall, twainsomebody, who will/shall remain/be ˈnameless (humorous) used to say that you will not mention somebody’s name, either because the people listening to you already know who you are talking about, or because you do not want to embarrass somebody: Somebody, who will remain nameless, actually managed to drink two bottles of champagne!See also: nameless, remain, shall, who, willnever the ˌtwain shall ˈmeet (saying) used to say that two things are so different that they cannot exist together: People in the area where I grew up were either landowners or farmers, and never the twain shall meet. Twain is an old word meaning ‘two’.See also: meet, never, shall, twainseek and ye shall findIf you want something, look for it. This pragmatic advice dates from ancient Greek times and appears in ancient Roman and Chinese sources as well. It crops up in the Bible: “Ask and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock and it shall be opened unto you” (Matthew 7:7– 8). Despite the archaic ye, it is still current.See also: and, find, seek, shall, yethis, too, shall/will passThese troubles are temporary; be patient and things will work out. This term originally was used in a very serious way about the fleeting nature of human life, words, and endeavors. It was so used in the biblical Apocrypha (ca. 100 b.c.), as well as later philosophical writings. The current cliché is a more lighthearted expression of forbearance.See also: pass, shall, willshallenUK
shallv. 1) an imperative command as in "you shall not kill." 2) in some statutes, "shall" is a direction but does not mean mandatory, depending on the context. shallenUK
shallWhen used in a contract, lease, mortgage, or statute, it means that the thing is required; it must be done.Shall implies a complete lack of discretion. Contrast with should. |