Supreme Being, Cult of the

a state-organized religious cult decreed on 18 Floréal (May 7), 1794, by the Convention during the Jacobin dictatorship in France. The establishment of the cult was an attempt by the Jacobins to put an end to dechristianization and to consolidate their ideological influence over the masses, thus strengthening the Jacobin dictatorship. The new faith, which was termed a “civil religion,” was based on the acceptance of a powerful supreme being and of the immortality of the soul. The introduction of the cult meant a substitution of religious undertakings in place of a solution to social problems—a substitution that could not satisfy the masses. The cult, essentially a “purified Christianity,” was not successful and ceased to exist soon after the fall of the Jacobin dictatorship on 9 Thermidor (July 27-28), 1794.

REFERENCES

Domnich, M. Velikaia frantsuzskaia burzhuaznaia revoliutsiia i katolicheskaia tserkov’. Moscow, 1960.
Aulard, A. Kul’t Razuma i kul’t Verkhovnogo Sushchestva vo vremia frantsuzskoi revoliutsii. Leningrad, 1925. (Translated from French.)

M. IA. DOMNICH

单词	supreme being, cult of the
释义	Supreme Being, Cult of the Supreme Being, Cult of the a state-organized religious cult decreed on 18 Floréal (May 7), 1794, by the Convention during the Jacobin dictatorship in France. The establishment of the cult was an attempt by the Jacobins to put an end to dechristianization and to consolidate their ideological influence over the masses, thus strengthening the Jacobin dictatorship. The new faith, which was termed a “civil religion,” was based on the acceptance of a powerful supreme being and of the immortality of the soul. The introduction of the cult meant a substitution of religious undertakings in place of a solution to social problems—a substitution that could not satisfy the masses. The cult, essentially a “purified Christianity,” was not successful and ceased to exist soon after the fall of the Jacobin dictatorship on 9 Thermidor (July 27-28), 1794. REFERENCES Domnich, M. Velikaia frantsuzskaia burzhuaznaia revoliutsiia i katolicheskaia tserkov’. Moscow, 1960. Aulard, A. Kul’t Razuma i kul’t Verkhovnogo Sushchestva vo vremia frantsuzskoi revoliutsii. Leningrad, 1925. (Translated from French.) M. IA. DOMNICH
随便看	principle of microscopic reversibility principle of minimax relative concession principle of minimum potential energy principle of non-aggression principle of optimality principle of parsimony principle of reciprocity principle of relativity principle of segregation principle of simplicity principle of special relativity principle of stationary action principle of subsidiarity principle of superposition principle of the excluded middle principle of the maximum principle of the maximum mind principle of the minimum principle of thirds principle of uniform boundedness principle of uniformity principle of virtual velocities principle of virtual work principle of vis viva principle period of maintenance