Shammai
Shammai
(shä`mī), c.50 B.C.–c.A.D. 30, Jewish sage known for his opposition to the liberal teachings of HillelHillel,fl. c.30 B.C.–A.D. 10, Jewish scholar, regarded as the forebear of the later patriarchs who led the Jews of Palestine until c.A.D. 400. The Jerusalem Talmud calls him the president of the Sanhedrin.
..... Click the link for more information. . He and his school interpreted the Law extremely rigorously, emphasizing deed rather than intent. The conflict between the schools of Shammai and Hillel continued long after their leaders' deaths, with the school of Hillel gaining ascendancy after A.D. 70. However, a number of Shammai's decisions were adopted by all as authoritative.
Bibliography
See L. Ginzberg, On Jewish Law and Lore (1955).