Peter II

Peter II,

1715–30, czar of Russia (1727–30). A grandson of Peter I and the son of the czarevich Alexis, he succeeded on the death of Catherine I. He was too young to rule, but he willingly lent himself to a court intrigue, led by the Gallitzin and Dolgoruki families, which resulted in the fall of the all-powerful minister, A. D. Menshikov. Peter was betrothed to Catherine Dolgoruki, but died of smallpox on his wedding day. He was succeeded by his cousin AnnaAnna
(Anna Ivanovna) , 1693–1740, czarina of Russia (1730–40), daughter of Ivan V and niece of Peter I (Peter the Great). On the death of her distant cousin, Peter II, she was chosen czarina by the supreme privy council, which thus hoped to gain power for itself.
..... Click the link for more information. (Anna Ivanovna).

Peter II,

1174–1213, king of Aragón (1196–1213) and count of Barcelona, son and successor of Alfonso II. He had himself crowned (1204) at Rome by Pope Innocent III, whom he accepted as overlord of Aragón and Catalonia. In 1212 he helped Alfonso VIII of Castile defeat the Moors at Las Navas de Tolosa. In 1213, Peter went to the assistance of his brother-in-law Raymond VI of Toulouse and his own vassals in France against Simon de Montfort, leader of the Albigensian Crusade. He was slain in the battle of Muret, which marked the end of Aragonese hegemony in S France. His son James I succeeded him.

Peter II,

1648–1706, king of Portugal (1683–1706), younger son of John IV; brother and successor of Alfonso VIAlfonso VI,
1643–83, king of Portugal (1656–83), son and successor of John IV. Slightly paralyzed and mentally defective, he led a dissolute youth until he came under the influence of the count of Castelho Melhor in 1662.
..... Click the link for more information. . In 1667, he seized power from his incompetent brother and ruled the country as prince regent until Alfonso's death. The marriage of Marie Françoise to Alfonso was annulled (1667), and she married Peter. The reign was one of prosperity and peace until its final years. Portugal became subservient to English foreign policy and, having signed the Treaty of Methuen (1703) with England, was reluctantly drawn into the War of the Spanish Succession. The allies were campaigning in Spain when Peter died. He was succeeded by his son, John V.

Peter II,

1923–70, king of Yugoslavia (1934–45). He succeeded under the regency of his cousin, Prince Paul, when his father, King AlexanderAlexander,
1888–1934, king of Yugoslavia (1921–34), son and successor of Peter I. Of the Karadjordjević family, he was educated in Russia and became crown prince of Serbia upon the renunciation (1909) of the succession by his brother George.
..... Click the link for more information. , was assassinated in Marseilles. In World War II, when Paul's government signed (Mar., 1941) an agreement with the Axis Powers, the army and people of Yugoslavia overthrew the regent. Peter's personal rule began with the German invasion (Apr., 1941) of Yugoslavia. His troops were soon defeated and Peter fled to England, where he headed a government in exile. After the war the newly elected Yugoslav assembly abolished (Nov., 1945) the monarchy and proclaimed a republic headed by Marshal TitoTito, Josip Broz
, 1892–1980, Yugoslav Communist leader, marshal of Yugoslavia. He was originally Josip Broz. Rise to Power

The son of a blacksmith in a Croatian village, Tito fought in Russia with the Austro-Hungarian army in World War I and was captured by
..... Click the link for more information. . Peter protested the action and remained in exile. He lived in the United States, where he died; his remains were reinterred in Serbia in 2013. He wrote A King's Heritage (1954).

Peter II

(Peter II Alekseevich). Born Oct. 12 (23), 1715, in St. Petersburg; died Jan. 18 (29), 1730, in Moscow. Russian emperor from 1727. Son of the Tsarevich Aleksei Petrovich and Princess Sophia Charlotte of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel; grandson of Peter I the Great.

During the first months of Peter II’s reign, A. D. Menshikov was the de facto ruler. After Menshikov was exiled in September 1727, Peter II, succumbing to the influence of the old boyar aristocracy (the princes Dolgorukii, for example), declared himself an opponent of the reforms of Peter I. Institutions established by Peter the Great were abolished. The tsarist court took up residence in Moscow. Peter II was betrothed to Princess E. A. Dolgorukova. During the preparations for his coronation, he died of smallpox. On his death the male line of the Romanov family became extinct.

REFERENCE

Solov’ev, S. M. Istoriia Rossii s drevneishikh vremen, book 10, vols. 19-20. Moscow, 1963.

单词	peter ii
释义	Peter II Peter II 1923-1970. Yugoslavian king (1934-1945). After spending World War II in exile, he was deposed by the Communist government. Peter II Peter II, 1715–30, czar of Russia (1727–30). A grandson of Peter I and the son of the czarevich Alexis, he succeeded on the death of Catherine I. He was too young to rule, but he willingly lent himself to a court intrigue, led by the Gallitzin and Dolgoruki families, which resulted in the fall of the all-powerful minister, A. D. Menshikov. Peter was betrothed to Catherine Dolgoruki, but died of smallpox on his wedding day. He was succeeded by his cousin AnnaAnna (Anna Ivanovna) , 1693–1740, czarina of Russia (1730–40), daughter of Ivan V and niece of Peter I (Peter the Great). On the death of her distant cousin, Peter II, she was chosen czarina by the supreme privy council, which thus hoped to gain power for itself. ..... Click the link for more information. (Anna Ivanovna). Peter II, 1174–1213, king of Aragón (1196–1213) and count of Barcelona, son and successor of Alfonso II. He had himself crowned (1204) at Rome by Pope Innocent III, whom he accepted as overlord of Aragón and Catalonia. In 1212 he helped Alfonso VIII of Castile defeat the Moors at Las Navas de Tolosa. In 1213, Peter went to the assistance of his brother-in-law Raymond VI of Toulouse and his own vassals in France against Simon de Montfort, leader of the Albigensian Crusade. He was slain in the battle of Muret, which marked the end of Aragonese hegemony in S France. His son James I succeeded him. Peter II, 1648–1706, king of Portugal (1683–1706), younger son of John IV; brother and successor of Alfonso VIAlfonso VI, 1643–83, king of Portugal (1656–83), son and successor of John IV. Slightly paralyzed and mentally defective, he led a dissolute youth until he came under the influence of the count of Castelho Melhor in 1662. ..... Click the link for more information. . In 1667, he seized power from his incompetent brother and ruled the country as prince regent until Alfonso's death. The marriage of Marie Françoise to Alfonso was annulled (1667), and she married Peter. The reign was one of prosperity and peace until its final years. Portugal became subservient to English foreign policy and, having signed the Treaty of Methuen (1703) with England, was reluctantly drawn into the War of the Spanish Succession. The allies were campaigning in Spain when Peter died. He was succeeded by his son, John V. Peter II, 1923–70, king of Yugoslavia (1934–45). He succeeded under the regency of his cousin, Prince Paul, when his father, King AlexanderAlexander, 1888–1934, king of Yugoslavia (1921–34), son and successor of Peter I. Of the Karadjordjević family, he was educated in Russia and became crown prince of Serbia upon the renunciation (1909) of the succession by his brother George. ..... Click the link for more information. , was assassinated in Marseilles. In World War II, when Paul's government signed (Mar., 1941) an agreement with the Axis Powers, the army and people of Yugoslavia overthrew the regent. Peter's personal rule began with the German invasion (Apr., 1941) of Yugoslavia. His troops were soon defeated and Peter fled to England, where he headed a government in exile. After the war the newly elected Yugoslav assembly abolished (Nov., 1945) the monarchy and proclaimed a republic headed by Marshal TitoTito, Josip Broz , 1892–1980, Yugoslav Communist leader, marshal of Yugoslavia. He was originally Josip Broz. Rise to Power The son of a blacksmith in a Croatian village, Tito fought in Russia with the Austro-Hungarian army in World War I and was captured by ..... Click the link for more information. . Peter protested the action and remained in exile. He lived in the United States, where he died; his remains were reinterred in Serbia in 2013. He wrote A King's Heritage (1954). Peter II (Peter II Alekseevich). Born Oct. 12 (23), 1715, in St. Petersburg; died Jan. 18 (29), 1730, in Moscow. Russian emperor from 1727. Son of the Tsarevich Aleksei Petrovich and Princess Sophia Charlotte of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel; grandson of Peter I the Great. During the first months of Peter II’s reign, A. D. Menshikov was the de facto ruler. After Menshikov was exiled in September 1727, Peter II, succumbing to the influence of the old boyar aristocracy (the princes Dolgorukii, for example), declared himself an opponent of the reforms of Peter I. Institutions established by Peter the Great were abolished. The tsarist court took up residence in Moscow. Peter II was betrothed to Princess E. A. Dolgorukova. During the preparations for his coronation, he died of smallpox. On his death the male line of the Romanov family became extinct. REFERENCE Solov’ev, S. M. Istoriia Rossii s drevneishikh vremen, book 10, vols. 19-20. Moscow, 1963.
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