| 释义 |
salvage
salvagethe rescue of a ship and its cargo from loss at sea; the property saved in such a way; the act of saving anything from a wreck, fire, etc.
Not to be confused with:selvage – an edging that prevents cloth from unravelingsal·vage S0050800 (săl′vĭj)n.1. a. The rescue of a ship or its cargo from fire or shipwreck.b. The ship or cargo saved in such a rescue.c. Award given to those who aid in such a rescue when under no obligation to do so, especially in the form of a portion of the cargo.d. The recovery of a sunken ship or its cargo by divers or submersibles.2. a. The act of saving imperiled property from loss.b. The property so saved.3. Something saved from destruction or waste and put to further use.tr.v. sal·vaged, sal·vag·ing, sal·vag·es 1. To save from loss or destruction.2. To save (discarded or damaged material) for further use.
[Obsolete French, from Old French salvaige, right of salvage, from Late Latin salvāre, from Latin salvus, safe; see sol- in Indo-European roots.]
sal′vage·a·bil′i·ty n.sal′vage·a·ble adj.sal′vag·er n.salvage (ˈsælvɪdʒ) n1. (Nautical Terms) the act, process, or business of rescuing vessels or their cargoes from loss at sea2. a. the act of saving any goods or property in danger of damage or destructionb. (as modifier): a salvage operation. 3. the goods or property so saved4. (Nautical Terms) compensation paid for the salvage of a vessel or its cargo5. the proceeds from the sale of salvaged goods or propertyvb (tr) 6. to save or rescue (goods or property) from fire, shipwreck, etc7. to gain (something beneficial) from a failure: she salvaged little from the broken marriage. [C17: from Old French, from Medieval Latin salvāgium, from salvāre to save1] ˈsalvageable adj ˈsalvager nsal•vage (ˈsæl vɪdʒ)
n., v. -vaged, -vag•ing. n. 1. the act of saving a ship or its cargo from perils of the seas. 2. the act of saving anything from destruction or danger. 3. the property, goods, etc., so saved. 4. compensation given to those who voluntarily save a ship or its cargo. 5. the value or proceeds upon sale of goods recovered from a fire. v.t. 6. to save from shipwreck, fire, or other peril; rescue; recover. [1635–45; < Old French; see save1, -age] sal′vage•a•ble, adj. sal′vag•er, n. salvage1. Property that has some value in excess of its basic material content but is in such condition that it has no reasonable prospect of use for any purpose as a unit and its repair or rehabilitation for use as a unit is clearly impractical.
2. The saving or rescuing of condemned, discarded, or abandoned property, and of materials contained therein for reuse, refabrication, or scrapping.salvage1. the recovery of a ship or its contents or cargo after damage or sinking.
2. the material recovered and the compensation to those who recover it.
3. the rescue and use of any found or discarded material.See also: Ships
compensation paid to those who recover a ship or its contents or cargo after sinking, damage, or abandonment.See also: Dues and Paymentsalvage
Past participle: salvaged
Gerund: salvaging
| Present |
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| I salvage | | you salvage | | he/she/it salvages | | we salvage | | you salvage | | they salvage |
| Preterite |
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| I salvaged | | you salvaged | | he/she/it salvaged | | we salvaged | | you salvaged | | they salvaged |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am salvaging | | you are salvaging | | he/she/it is salvaging | | we are salvaging | | you are salvaging | | they are salvaging |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have salvaged | | you have salvaged | | he/she/it has salvaged | | we have salvaged | | you have salvaged | | they have salvaged |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was salvaging | | you were salvaging | | he/she/it was salvaging | | we were salvaging | | you were salvaging | | they were salvaging |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had salvaged | | you had salvaged | | he/she/it had salvaged | | we had salvaged | | you had salvaged | | they had salvaged |
| Future |
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| I will salvage | | you will salvage | | he/she/it will salvage | | we will salvage | | you will salvage | | they will salvage |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have salvaged | | you will have salvaged | | he/she/it will have salvaged | | we will have salvaged | | you will have salvaged | | they will have salvaged |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be salvaging | | you will be salvaging | | he/she/it will be salvaging | | we will be salvaging | | you will be salvaging | | they will be salvaging |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been salvaging | | you have been salvaging | | he/she/it has been salvaging | | we have been salvaging | | you have been salvaging | | they have been salvaging |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been salvaging | | you will have been salvaging | | he/she/it will have been salvaging | | we will have been salvaging | | you will have been salvaging | | they will have been salvaging |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been salvaging | | you had been salvaging | | he/she/it had been salvaging | | we had been salvaging | | you had been salvaging | | they had been salvaging |
| Conditional |
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| I would salvage | | you would salvage | | he/she/it would salvage | | we would salvage | | you would salvage | | they would salvage |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have salvaged | | you would have salvaged | | he/she/it would have salvaged | | we would have salvaged | | you would have salvaged | | they would have salvaged |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | salvage - property or goods saved from damage or destructioncommodity, trade good, good - articles of commercebelongings, property, holding - something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone; "that hat is my property"; "he is a man of property"; | | 2. | salvage - the act of saving goods or property that were in danger of damage or destructiondeliverance, rescue, saving, delivery - recovery or preservation from loss or danger; "work is the deliverance of mankind"; "a surgeon's job is the saving of lives" | | 3. | salvage - the act of rescuing a ship or its crew or its cargo from a shipwreck or a firedeliverance, rescue, saving, delivery - recovery or preservation from loss or danger; "work is the deliverance of mankind"; "a surgeon's job is the saving of lives" | | Verb | 1. | salvage - save from ruin, destruction, or harmsalve, save, relieverescue, deliver - free from harm or evil | | 2. | salvage - collect discarded or refused material; "She scavenged the garbage cans for food"scavengegather, pull together, collect, garner - assemble or get together; "gather some stones"; "pull your thoughts together" |
salvageverb1. save, recover, rescue, restore, repair, get back, retrieve, redeem, glean, repossess, fetch back They studied flight recorders salvaged from the wreckage.noun1. rescue, saving, recovery, release, relief, liberation, salvation, deliverance, extrication The salvage of the ship went on.2. scrap, remains, waste, junk, offcuts They climbed up on the rock with their salvage.salvagenounExtrication from danger or confinement:deliverance, delivery, rescue, salvation.verbTo extricate from an undesirable state:reclaim, recover, redeem, rescue.Translationssalvage (ˈsӕlvidʒ) verb to save from loss or destruction in a fire, shipwreck etc. He salvaged his books from the burning house. 搶救，拯救 营救，海上救助 noun1. the act of salvaging. 搶救 抢救2. property etc which has been salvaged. Was there any salvage from the wreck? 搶救回的財物等 抢救出的财产salvage
salvage (something) from (something or some place)1. To recover, rescue, or save something from some danger, destruction, or difficulty or the outcome thereof. We managed to salvage the engine and rear wheels from the accident, but the rest of the car had to be sent to the junkyard. If we can salvage the flight recorder from the wreckage, we should be able to determine the cause of the accident. Some people are able to salvage their marriage from an affair, but it can be exceptionally difficult.2. To manage to gain or maintain something from some failure or bad situation. It was a really painful breakup, but in time I was able to salvage some useful perspectives about myself from the relationship. I'll be lucky to even salvage my dignity from that disastrous meeting.See also: salvagesalvage something from someone or somethingto rescue or save something from someone or something. The baby got into the eggs, but I was able to salvage about six of them from him before they were broken all over the place. I salvaged a good pair of shoes from the trash.See also: salvagesalvage
salvage, in maritime law, the compensation that the owner must pay for having his vessel or cargo saved from peril, such as shipwreck, fire, or capture by an enemy. Salvage is awarded only when the party making the rescue was under no legal obligation to do so. A claim for salvage ordinarily is allowed if the salvor's activities had some effect in averting the threatened peril even if they were not indispensable. In the United States, salvage is granted for rescues made on navigable streams and lakes as well as on the open sea. Salvage includes a reward designed to encourage rescue operations besides the payment for the value of the services. In setting the amount of the salvage, courts consider relevant factors such as the expense and hazard of the rescue and the price of the ship or goods saved. Salvage is distributed by the court to the owner, the master, and the crew of the rescuing ship, usually according to fixed ratios. Salvage money is not payable to the captain and crew of ships commissioned by a government specifically for rescue operations.SalvageThe controlled removal of construction or demolition debris, or other waste, from a permitted building or demolition site for the purpose of recycling, reuse, or storage for later recycling or reuse. Commonly salvaged materials include structural beams and posts, flooring, doors, cabinetry, brick, and decorative items.salvageIn a building under repair or reconstruction, the saving of damaged or discarded material, for use or resale, which otherwise would be a total loss.salvage1. the act, process, or business of rescuing vessels or their cargoes from loss at sea 2. compensation paid for the salvage of a vessel or its cargo salvage
salvage noun The saving of something.
verb To rescue, or save the remains of, something, often understood to mean the rescue of cargo lost at sea.salvage
Related to salvage: Marine salvageSalvageThe portion of goods or property that has been saved or remains after some type of casualty, such as a fire. The term salvage is defined more specifically depending on the industry referring to it. In business, salvage is any property that is no longer useful but has scrap value. An example of business salvage is obsolete equipment. In insurance, salvage is the portion of property that the insurance company takes after paying the claim for the loss. The insurance company may deduct the salvage value from the amount of the claim paid and leave the property with the insured. In admiralty or maritime law, salvage is the compensation allowed to persons who voluntarily save a ship or its cargo from impending danger. In addition to compensation, maritime salvage may be property that is recovered from vessels that were shipwrecked, derelict, or recaptured. Salvage as a legal concept typically concerns maritime salvage. To establish a valid salvage claim under maritime law, the claimant must prove the following: the salvage was needed because of a marine peril; the claimant's service was rendered voluntarily and not because of an existing duty or contract; and the claimant's service contributed to the success of the salvage in whole or in part. The element of peril is an important, yet misunderstood, element. The maritime interpretation of peril is broad and liberal. Imminent and absolute danger is not a requirement for maritime peril. If the property is in danger, or stranded "so that it [is] subject to the potential danger of damage or destruction," then peril exists (McNabb v. O. S. Bowfin, 565 F. Supp. 22 [W.D. Wash. 1983]). Also, the degree of peril does not determine whether the salvor will be entitled to a salvage award, but it will be considered in determining the amount of the award. According to the admiralty law of the United States, a stranded vessel that may be exposed to wind, weather, and waves is considered to be in a position where it may be destroyed and is therefore in peril. A wide variety of services can support a claim for a salvage award. For example, a claim for salvage has been granted where the salvor provided assistance in putting out a fire when the fire was not under immediate control. A salvage service claim may even succeed where the salvor assisted in putting out a nearby fire that had the potential to endanger the vessel. Voluntarily towing a drifting vessel to safety has also supported a claim for salvage award, even where the drifting vessel was not in danger of immediate or absolute harm and apprehension of danger was minimal. Along the same lines, towing a stranded vessel has also constituted salvage service. In the towing situation, courts have held that although there is no apprehension of immediate harm or danger, a stranded vessel is subject to high winds and other severe weather, placing the vessel in peril. Courts have also upheld a salvage service claim when the crew, master, or officers were incapacitated, and when the vessel was exposed to a hazard of the sea as a result of its master's uncertainty. In all situations of salvage service, the service must be entirely voluntary. The salvor cannot have provided the service pursuant to any type of contract or agreement or other existing duty. When the U.S. Navy or Coast Guard provided the salvage service, the issue as to whether those services were in fact voluntary has arisen. When the Navy performs the salvage service, courts have held that, because salvage is not one of the functions of the Navy, any assistance provided by the Navy is voluntary, regardless of whether the Navy is in the area where the salvaged vessel is in peril. Federal law now provides that "the Secretary of Navy may settle any claim by the United States for salvage services rendered by the Department of Navy and may receive payment of any such claim" (10 U.S.C.A. § 7363 [1996]). Similar claims by the Coast Guard have had different outcomes. According to statute, the Coast Guard may "perform any and all acts necessary to rescue and aid persons and protect and save property" (14 U.S.C.A. § 88 [1996]). Most courts and commentators have interpreted this language as creating a legal duty. Therefore, under this interpretation the government would not have a right to a salvage award for services rendered by the Coast Guard. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals declined to follow this interpretation in the case of United States v. American Oil, 417 F.2d 164 (1969). In its decision, the court held that the Coast Guard did not have a preexisting duty to perform salvage services and that the statutory language defining the Coast Guard's duties was permissive. Although the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals may allow the United States to recover salvage awards for services rendered by the Coast Guard, other courts have declined to follow this interpretation, leaving the right of the government to recover salvage awards for services rendered by the Coast Guard still under debate. The salvage service rendered must also have been successful, either in whole or in part. Furthermore, the salvor must have contributed to the success. The salvor, however, does not have a right to force his or her services on a distressed vessel. The doctrine of rejection applies when the master of a distressed vessel directly and unequivocally rejects the salvor's services. In that situation, the salvor does not have a right to a salvage award. In determining the amount of the salvage award, the court will go beyond the value of the services. In 1869 the U.S. Supreme Court, in The Blackwall, 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 1, 19 L. Ed. 870, set forth the following criteria in determining the amount of the award: (1) the labor expended by the salvors in rendering the salvage service; (2) the promptitude, skill, and energy displayed in rendering the service and saving the property; (3) the value of the property employed by the salvors in rendering the service and the danger to which such property was exposed; (4) the risk incurred by the salvors in securing the property from the impending peril; (5) the value of the property saved; and (6) the degree of danger from which the property was rescued. When a salvage award is granted, all of the parties who participated in the salvage service will share in the award based on their participation. In addition, the owner, master, and crew of the salvaged vessel are entitled to share in the award. If the salvaged property is damaged as a result of the salvage effort, the owner may claim that the salvor was negligent. If the court finds that the salvor did not adhere to a standard of reasonable care, the salvage award will be reduced depending on the degree of Negligence. An action for salvage is generally an in rem action. This means that the suit is brought against the property saved, such as the ship or its cargo. In the event that the property is no longer within the jurisdiction or has been destroyed, an in personam action may be brought to recover the salvage award. These salvage actions fall under the jurisdiction of the admiralty courts. Anyone with a direct pecuniary interest in the property salved, such as the owner, may be liable for the salvage award. In addition, anyone who may be liable for the property, for instance a bailee, may also be liable for the salvage award. The persons liable for the salvage award are not necessarily the individuals who requested the salvage services. In the event that the salvage claim involves a shipwreck, the court has "qualified jurisdiction" when the wreck site is exclusively within the waters of the contiguous zone of the United States. In addition, U.S. admiralty courts have asserted jurisdiction of wrecks in international waters when certain pieces of the wreck were brought into the jurisdiction of the court. This is based on the "first salvor rule," which protects the first salvor from losing the "trove" once it has started salving the wreck to other parties who may intervene and attempt to take over the salvage operations. Most countries recognize the right of the first salvor and will uphold a lien issued by another jurisdiction according to this rule. According to the agreement, the convention was to become effective one year after 15 states had expressed their consent to be bound by it. In 1996 the agreement became binding, or entered into force, upon 22 countries. Further readings Burstein, Susanne M. 2002. "Saving Steel over Souls: The Human Cost of U.S. Salvage Law." Tulane Maritime Law Journal 27 (winter). Forrest, Craig J.S. 2003. "Has the Application of Salvage Law to Underwater Cultural Heritage Become a Thing of the Past?" Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce 34 (April). Landrum, Bruce. 1989. "Salvage Claims for the Navy and Coast Guard: A Unified Approach." Naval Law Review 38 (winter). Morton, C. W. 1999. Sea Trials. New York: St. Martin's. Neilson, William L. 1992. "The 1989 International Convention of Salvage." Connecticut Law Review 24 (summer). Cross-references Admiralty and Maritime Law; Negligence. salvage1) v. to save goods. 2) n. payment to a person or group which saves cargo from a shipwreck. salvage a sum payable to a person who saves a ship or its cargo from certain loss. It is not due by contract and, indeed, agreement excludes salvage. It resembles restitution in that the recipient of the salved goods is enriched by the effort of the salvor. It does not precisely fit the scheme of restitution, seen as redressing unjust enrichment, because salvage awards are usually much higher than the expense involved in the rescue.SALVAGE, maritime law. This term originally meant the thing or goods saved from shipwreck or other loss; and in that sense it is generally to be understood in our old books. But it is at present more frequently understood to mean the compensation made to those by whose means the ship or goods have been saved from the effects of shipwreck, fire, pirates, enemies, or any other loss or misfortune. 1 Cranch, 1.
2. This compensation, which is now usually made in money, was, before the use of money became general, made by a delivery of part of the effects saved. Marsh. Ins. B. 1, c. 12, s. 8; Pet. Adm. Dec. 425; 2 Taunt. 302; 3 B. & P. 612; 4 M. & S. 159; 1 Cranch, 1; 2 Cranch, 240; Cranch, 221; 3 Dall. 188; 4 Wheat. 98 9 Cranch, 244; 3 Wheat. 91; 1 Day, 193 1 Johns. R. 165; 4 Cranch, 347; Com. Dig. Salvage; 3 Kent, Com. 196. Vide Salvors. AcronymsSeeSALVsalvage
Related to salvage: Marine salvageSynonyms for salvageverb saveSynonyms- save
- recover
- rescue
- restore
- repair
- get back
- retrieve
- redeem
- glean
- repossess
- fetch back
noun rescueSynonyms- rescue
- saving
- recovery
- release
- relief
- liberation
- salvation
- deliverance
- extrication
noun scrapSynonyms- scrap
- remains
- waste
- junk
- offcuts
Synonyms for salvagenoun extrication from danger or confinementSynonyms- deliverance
- delivery
- rescue
- salvation
verb to extricate from an undesirable stateSynonyms- reclaim
- recover
- redeem
- rescue
Synonyms for salvagenoun property or goods saved from damage or destructionRelated Words- commodity
- trade good
- good
- belongings
- property
- holding
noun the act of saving goods or property that were in danger of damage or destructionRelated Words- deliverance
- rescue
- saving
- delivery
noun the act of rescuing a ship or its crew or its cargo from a shipwreck or a fireRelated Words- deliverance
- rescue
- saving
- delivery
verb save from ruin, destruction, or harmSynonymsRelated Wordsverb collect discarded or refused materialSynonymsRelated Words- gather
- pull together
- collect
- garner
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