Shilov, Nikolai Aleksandrovich

Born June 28 (July 10), 1872, in Moscow; died Aug. 17, 1930, in Gagra, Abkhazian ASSR. Soviet physical chemist.

Shilov graduated from Moscow University in 1895 and began working there in 1899. From 1901 to 1904 he worked at W. Ostwald’s laboratory. He was a professor at the Moscow Higher Technical School (now the Bauman Moscow Higher Technical School) from 1910 and the Moscow Commercial Institute (now the Plekhanov Institute of the National Economy) from 1911.

Shilov laid down the foundations of the theory of induced reactions and the modern theory of gas sorption. He elucidated the role of oxygen in the adsorption of electrolytes by carbon. During World War I (1914–18), Shilov was one of the organizers of measures to protect the Russian Army from chemical weapons.