Tiumen Khanate

a political union that emerged in the 14th century on the middle Tobol River and in Tiumen’, the area between the Tobol’s tributaries, the Tavda and Tura. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the territory of the future Tiumen’ Khanate, then called Ibir’, was part of the Jochi Khanate. The administrative center of Ibir’ was the khan’s headquarters, Chinga-Tura, located on the site of what is now the city of Tiumen’.

In the late 14th or the early 15th century, the Chingisid Toktamysh fled to Chinga-Tura and seized power there. When he died in 1406, Tiumen’ came under the command of Chegra, a protege of the emir of the White Horde, Edigei. After prolonged conflicts among the rulers of the White Horde, the Sheibanids, and the local nobility (the Taibugins, descendants of the legendary khan Taibuga), power was seized by the Sheibanid Ibak. Ibak was killed in 1495 by the Taibugin Makhmet, who established as his capital the fortified Ugrian settlement of Sibir’ (Kashlyk), located on the right bank of the Irtysh at its confluence with the Sibirka River. The territory of Khan Makhmet was named the Siberian Khanate after Makhmet’s headquarters. In the early 16th century, the Tiumen’ Khanate became part of the Siberian Khanate.