Stevens, Robert Livingston

Stevens, Robert Livingston:

see under StevensStevens,
family of U.S. inventors. John Stevens, 1749–1838, b. New York City, was graduated from King's College (now Columbia Univ.) in 1768. He studied law (1768–71) and soon joined his father, a wealthy landowner and merchant, in New Jersey politics.
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Stevens, Robert Livingston

(1787–1856) naval architect, engineer, inventor; born in Hoboken, N.J. He assisted his father, John Cox Stevens, in the design and construction of steamboats, for which he invented numerous improvements. Joining his brother as president and chief engineer of the Camden & Amboy Railroad, he also invented several improvements for railroads including the T-rail, the hook-headed railroad spike, and the cowcatcher; he was the first to burn anthracite in a locomotive. He also made contributions to military ordnance and naval armoring.