英语词汇“sarin”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

sarin

sar·in

S0091750 (sâr′ĭn) n. A poisonous liquid, C₄H₁₀FO₂P, that inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase and is used as a nerve agent in chemical warfare.

[German, originally a code name.]

sarin

(ˈsærɪn) n (Military) isopropyl methylphosphono-fluoridate: used in chemical warfare as a lethal nerve gas producing asphyxia. Formula: CH3P(O)(F)OCH(CH3)2[C20: from German, from the surnames of its inventors, S(chrader), A(mbrose), R(udinger), and (van der L)in(de)]

Thesaurus

Noun

sarin - a highly toxic chemical nerve agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesteraseGBorganophosphate nerve agent - any of a series of nerve agents containing organophosphate compounds first synthesized by German chemists in 1936; in World War II the Germans tested them in concentration camps but not on the battlefield; Iraq is alleged to have used them against Iran and against the Kurds

Translations

sarin

(zärēn`), volatile liquid used as a nerve gasnerve gas,
any of several poison gases intended for military use, e.g., tabun, sarin, soman, and VX. Nerve gases were first developed by Germany during World War II but were not used at that time.
..... Click the link for more information. . It boils at 147&degC; but evaporates quickly at room temperature; its vapor is colorless and odorless. Chemically, sarin is fluoroisopropoxymethylphosphine oxide; it is more toxic than tabuntabun
, liquid chemical compound used as a nerve gas. It boils at 240&degC; with some decomposition. The liquid is colorless to brownish; its vapors have a fruity odor similar to that of bitter almonds. The liquid is absorbed through the skin, but the vapor is not.
..... Click the link for more information. or somansoman,
colorless liquid used as a nerve gas. It boils at 167&degC;, evolving an odorless vapor. It is rapidly absorbed through the skin; death may result within 15 min of exposure. In nonfatal concentrations it is hazardous to the eyes.
..... Click the link for more information. . Sarin acts by interfering with cholinesterase, a chemical that transmits impulses from one nerve cell to the next. A gas mask provides adequate protection against the vapor, but the liquid form can also be absorbed through the skin. Sarin was developed by the Nazis during World War II. In 1994 and 1995 it was used by Aum Shinrikyo, a Japanese religious sect, in terrorist attacks that killing a total of 21 people and affected more than 5,000.

Sarin

an isopropyl ester of the acid fluoride of methylphosphonic acid:

a toxic substance with neuroparalytic action; a colorless, mobile liquid. Boiling point, 151.5°C, d₄/4²⁰, 1.094; index of refraction nD²⁰, 1.383; volatility (maximum concentration), 11.3 mg per liter (20°C).

Sarin is miscible with water in any proportion and dissolves readily in organic solvents. It hydrolyzes very slowly with water, much faster in the presence of inorganic acids, and especially rapidly in aqueous alkalies, ammonia, and amines; it forms nontoxic compounds in all cases. These reactions can be used for degassing of sarin.

Sarin has strongly pronounced myotic action (contraction of the pupil); the lethal concentration is about 0.2 mg per liter for an exposure of one min. A gas mask serves as reliable protection against sarin.

REFERENCES

Sartori, M. “Novoe v khimii boevykh otravliaiushchikh veshchestv.” Uspekhi khimii, 1954, vol. 23, issue 1.
Stepanov, A. “Otravliaiushchie veshchestva.” Zhurnal Vsesoiuznogo khimicheskogo obshchestva im. D. I. Mendeleeva, 1968, vol. 13, no. 6.

R. N. STERLIN

sarin

sa·rin

(zah-rēn'), A nerve poison similar to diisopropyl fluorophosphate and tetraethyl pyrophosphate; a potent irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor and a more toxic nerve gas than tabun or soman. [Ger.]

sarin

(sâr′ĭn)n. A poisonous liquid, C₄H₁₀FO₂P, that inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase and is used as a nerve gas in chemical warfare.

A nerve agent, chemically related to certain insecticides—e.g., malathion—which was developed as a chemical weapon by the Germans in 1936
Mechanism Sarin is an anticholinesterase that affects nerves, muscles, and glands
Route Aerosol, skin contact; one drop may be fatal
Management Atropine, PAM

Sarin

GB, isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate Military medicine A nerve gas, chemically related to certain insecticides–eg, malathion, developed as a chemical weapon by the Germans in 1936 Mechanism Sarin is an anticholinesterase that affects nerves, muscles, glands Route Aerosol, skin contact; one drop may be fatal Clinical Pinpoint pupils, severe headache, drooling, N&V, convulsions, severe dyspnea, respiratory paralysis Treatment Atropine, PAM. See Chemical warfare. Cf Tabun.

sa·rin

(GB) (zah'rēn) A nonpersistent nerve agent developed by Germany during World War II. Its NATO code is GB, and it was used in the large-scale terrorist attack on the Tokyo subway system in 1995.
See also: Adamsite, bromobenzylcyanide, CA, CN, Cr, Cs, vomiting agent[Ger.]

sarin

The cholinesterase inhibitor substance isopropylmethylphosphonofluoridate that has been used as a military and terrorist nerve gas agent. Exposure to minute quantities in the inspired air or absorbed through the skin causes breathing difficulty, cyanosis, running nose, salivation, profuse sweating and vomiting, constricted pupils, major tonic-clonic convulsions, coma and death.

Acronym

Definition

Sarin➣Schrader, Ambros, Rüdiger and Van der LINde (nerve agent named for its discoverers)

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REFERENCES

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Synonyms for sarin

noun a highly toxic chemical nerve agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase

Synonyms

Related Words