Sawdust-Free Cutting

a planing process for cutting strips of wood in required sizes without loss in sawdust. (The chisel pushes into the wood without sawing it.) This method is used to produce veneer sheets, planed plywood, plaster laths, roofing and technological splinters, thin slabs, and wood shavings. To ensure that the required quality of veneer sheets, planed plywood, and slabs will be obtained, the wood is first subjected to hydrothermal processing in order to give it greater plasticity.

There are several methods of sawdust-free cutting. In peeling machines the strip is cut across the grain in the shape of an unbroken ribbon up to 5 mm (sometimes up to 10 mm) thick under the uniform movements of the chisel against a cylindrical blank rotating about its axis. In plywood planing machines a strip up to 1.5 mm thick is cut against the grain with the movement of the blank against the chisel and the reciprocal motion of the chisel; the same method is used in guillotine slab-cutting and lathing machines, but the thickness of the strip reaches 10 mm. In stripping machines that produce strips for wood slabs, the blank is moved against a revolving chisel and a strip up to 0.5 mm is cut against the grain. The same is done in disc slab-cutting machines, but the thickness of the slab reaches 16 mm, and the chisel is fixed on the disc. In machines producing packing and padding shavings the wood is cut along the grain by a reciprocal movement of the chisel on the blank. In chopping machines longitudinal sections of the wood block are cut by the movement of the blank against a revolving cutter to produce technological splinters of various functions.