Tuapse

a city under krai jurisdiction and administrative center of Tuapse Raion, Krasnodar Krai, RSFSR. Port on Tuapse Bay, an inlet of the Black Sea (see). Railroad station on the Armavir-Tbilisi line. Highway junction. Population, 61,000 (1975; 30,000 in 1939).

Tuapse originated as a settlement around the Russian military fortress of Vel’iaminovskii (founded 1838). It became the settlement of Vel’iaminovskii in 1871 and the urban-type settlement of Tuapse (named after the Tuapse River), the administrative center of an okrug in the Black Sea Province, in 1896. It has been a city since 1916. Soviet power was established in Tuapse on Nov. 3 (16), 1917. The city was captured by White Guard troops and was finally liberated in March 1920. In 1937 it became part of Krasnodar Krai. In September 1942, during the Great Patriotic War, fascist German troops were halted on the approaches to Tuapse (seeCAUCASUS: The Battle for the Caucasus, 1942–43). The city was heavily damaged by fascist air raids; it was restored after the war.

Tuapse has a petroleum refinery, machine-building and ship-repair plants, a machine shop, a plant for the production of reinforced-concrete articles, and a footwear factory. The food industry is represented by a meat-packing plant, a bread-baking combine, a winery, a brewery, a milk plant, and a fish cannery. The city’s educational and cultural institutions include a marine hy-drometeorological technicum, a pedagogical school, and a museum of local lore.