| 单词 | thermophone | ||||||
| 释义 | ThermophoneTher´mo`phone
Thermophonethermophone[′thər·mə‚fōn]Thermophonean acoustic emitter whose operation is based on the thermal generation of sound. The main element of a thermophone is a thin conductor (a strip of metal foil or a wire 2–6 micrometers thick) through which an alternating current of frequency f is passed. The cyclical changes in temperature of the conductor and the surrounding layer of air cause corresponding pressure variations, which propagate through the medium as a sound wave. The frequency f1, of the emitted sound is equal to 2f, since the quantity of heat liberated in the conductor is proportional to the square of the current strength. To obtain f1, = f, a direct current whose strength exceeds the amplitude of the alternating current is also passed through the foil or wire. The emitting conductor is usually placed in a chamber with rigid walls whose dimensions are less than the wavelength λ of the sound. The amplitude of the sound pressure in the cavity of the chamber may be calculated from the amplitude of the current, taking into account the heat capacity, thermal conduction, and temperature of the surrounding medium and the conductor, as well as the pressure of the surrounding medium and geometric parameters. Thus, thermophones are used as primary sound sources for the calibration of microphones. To extend the frequency range of a thermophone, its chamber is filled with a gas such as hydrogen or helium, in which the speed of sound is higher than in air; in this case, the condition of lesser size of the chamber relative to the wavelength is satisfied for higher frequencies. REFERENCEBeranek, D. Akusticheskie izmereniia. Moscow, 1952. Pages 93–99. (Translated from English.) |
||||||
| 随便看 |
|
英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。