Artobolevskii, Ivan Ivanovich

Born Sept. 26 (Oct. 9), 1905, in Moscow. Soviet scientist in the field of the theory of machines and mechanisms. Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR since 1946; corresponding member from 1939 to 1946. Hero of Socialist Labor (1969).

In 1926, Artobolevskii graduated from the K. A. Timiriazev Agricultural Academy in Moscow, and beginning in 1927 he taught at institutions of higher learning in Moscow. From 1932 to 1949 he was a professor at Moscow State University (MGU) and from 1942 a professor at the Moscow Aviation Institute. Since 1937 he has worked at the Institute of Machine Research. Artobolevskii developed a classification for spatial mechanisms and provided methods for their kinematic analysis; he wrote the first monograph in the USSR on spatial mechanisms (The Theory of Spatial Mechanisms, 1937). He created methods for the kinematic analysis of complex, multiple-linked mechanisms (1939). He has worked on the problems of theoretical and experimental methods to be used in studying the dynamics of operating machinery. From 1947 to 1966, Artobolevskii was deputy chairman and, beginning in 1966, chairman of the All-Union Society “Znanie” (Knowledge). He was a deputy to the seventh convocation of the Supreme Soviet. In 1946 the Academy of Sciences of the USSR awarded Artobolevskii the P. L. Chebyshev Prize; in 1959 the World Council of Peace gave him the Joliot-Curie Silver Medal; in 1966 the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences awarded him the Silver Medal for Services in the Development of Science and Society. And in 1967 the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Great Britain) awarded him the J. Watt International Gold Medal. Artobolevskii has been awarded three Orders of Lenin, two other orders, and medals.