attribution theory

a collection of theories, originating in the work of F. Heider (The Psychology ofInterpersonal Relations, 1958), which seek to explain how people attribute causes to others’ and their own behaviour.

A distinction is made between internal or dispositional causes, located within the individual, e.g. ‘she failed the exam because she is lazy’, and external or situational causes, e.g. ‘he was late for work because of the traffic jam’. Attributional errors are made when we favour dispositional over situational explanations (the fundamental attribution error). We are also more likely, with regard to our own behaviour, to make a dispositional attribution for success and a situational attribution for failure (the self-serving bias). Attribution theory provides a useful framework for the analysis of everyday explanations of social issues such as unemployment, criminality, and health and illness-related behaviours.

Attribution Theory

The concept stating that people make decisions based on the factors they believe caused their present situations and seek to emulate or avoid those real or perceived causes. For example, if one believes investing in cotton caused one's bankruptcy, one may be unlikely to invest in cotton again, whether or not the supposition is true.

单词	attribution theory
释义	attribution theory attribution theory n (Psychology) psychol the theory that tries to explain how people link actions and emotions to particular causes, both internal and external attribution theory attribution theory a collection of theories, originating in the work of F. Heider (The Psychology ofInterpersonal Relations, 1958), which seek to explain how people attribute causes to others’ and their own behaviour. A distinction is made between internal or dispositional causes, located within the individual, e.g. ‘she failed the exam because she is lazy’, and external or situational causes, e.g. ‘he was late for work because of the traffic jam’. Attributional errors are made when we favour dispositional over situational explanations (the fundamental attribution error). We are also more likely, with regard to our own behaviour, to make a dispositional attribution for success and a situational attribution for failure (the self-serving bias). Attribution theory provides a useful framework for the analysis of everyday explanations of social issues such as unemployment, criminality, and health and illness-related behaviours. MedicalSeetheory Attribution Theory Attribution Theory The concept stating that people make decisions based on the factors they believe caused their present situations and seek to emulate or avoid those real or perceived causes. For example, if one believes investing in cotton caused one's bankruptcy, one may be unlikely to invest in cotton again, whether or not the supposition is true.
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