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单词 qinghai
释义

Qinghai

enUK

Qing·hai

Q0002300 (chĭng′hī′) also Tsing·hai (tsĭng′-) A province of west-central China. The Mekong, Yangtze, and Yellow Rivers originate within its borders. Xining is the capital.

Qinghai

(ˈtʃɪŋˈhaɪ) ,

Tsinghai

or

Chinghai

n1. (Placename) a province of NW China: consists largely of mountains and high plateaus. Capital: Xining. Pop: 5 340 000 (2003 est). Area: 721 000 sq km (278 400 sq miles)2. (Placename) the Pinyin transliteration of the Chinese name for Koko Nor

Qing•hai

or Ch'ing•hai

(ˈtʃɪŋˈhaɪ)

n. 1. a province in NW China. 4,740,000; 278,400 sq. mi. (721,000 sq. km). Cap.: Xining. 2. Also called Koko Nor. a salt lake in NE Qinghai province. 2300 sq. mi. (5950 sq. km).

Qinghai

enUK

Qinghai

or

Tsinghai

(both: chĭng`hī`), province (2010 pop. 5,626,722), c.279,000 sq mi (722,797 sq km), W China. XiningXining
or Sining
, city (1994 est. pop. 569,800), capital of Qinghai prov., W China, on the Xining River. For centuries it has been the major commercial hub on the caravan route to Tibet, trading in wool, hides, salt, and timber.
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 is the capital. Qinghai lies in the Tibetan highlands at an average elevation of 9,800 ft (3,000 m) and is mainly a high, desolate plateau. The central region has the vast, swampy QaidamQaidam
or Tsaidam
, arid basin, c.350 mi (560 km) long and c.100 mi (160 km) wide, between two branches of the Kunlun range, central Qinghai prov., W China. A salt marsh occupies most of the area.
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 [Mongolian,=salt marshes] basin, and in the northeast there is the large Qinghai HuQinghai Hu
or Koko Nor
, salt lake, c.1,625 sq mi (4,210 sq km), in the Tibetan highlands, NE Qinghai prov., China; one of the largest lakes in China. At an altitude of 10,515 ft (3,205 m), it is shallow and brackish and of little economic value.
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 or Koko Nor [Chinese and Mongolian,=blue sea] salt lake for which the province is named; it is the largest lake in China. In the precipitous mountain gorges of the south rise some of E Asia's greatest rivers; the Huang He (Yellow), the Chang, and the Mekong.

The chief economic area and the most densely settled part of the province is in the NE around Xining; there coal is mined and grain and potatoes are grown. Extensive irrigation and the use of early-ripening spring wheat increased production in the late 20th cent. Ethnic Chinese (from China proper) and Chinese Muslims predominate in this region. The south is inhabited by Tibetans who live a precarious existence based on stock herding and marginal farming. Stock breeding is also important; Qinghai horses are world famous. The Qaidam basin was once peopled only by a scattered population of Tibetan, Kazakh, and Mongol herders, but from the 1950s to the 1970s there was an influx of Chinese to work in the mineral extraction industries there (oil, iron ore, salt, lithium, boron, zinc, potash, magnesium, and lead). Salt is so abundant that it is used for building blocks and for road pavement. Heavy industry, utilizing the province's store of mineral resources, has increased steadily since the 1950s. Thousands of miles of highways have been constructed to link Xining and the Qaidam basin with adjoining provinces; there are rail links between Xining and Lanzhou, in Gansu prov., and Lhasa, in Tibet. The noted KumbumKumbum
, large lamasery at Huangchang, NE Qinghai prov., China, c.12 mi (20 km) SW of Xining. Long a renowned pilgrimage center, it stands on the spot where Tsong-kha-pa (b.1417), the great Tibetan reformer of Lamaism (see Tibetan Buddhism), is said to have been born.
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 lamasery is SW of Xining.

Historically a part of Tibet, the Qinghai region passed to the Mongol overlords of China in the 14th cent., when it became part of Gansu. It came under Chinese (Ch'ing dynasty) control after 1724 and was administered from Xining as the Koko Nor territory. Over the centuries Chinese settlers have proceeded up the Xining and Huang He rivers from Lanzhou, penetrating deeply into ethnic Tibetan territory in the northeast. In 1928, Qinghai became a province of China. The Communist government established autonomous districts for the Tibetan, Chinese Muslim, Kazakh, and Mongol minorities. In 2010 an earthquake caused severe destruction in parts of S Qinghai; some 2,700 people were killed.

Qinghai

, Tsinghai, Chinghai1. a province of NW China: consists largely of mountains and high plateaus. Capital: Xining. Pop.: 5 340 000 (2003 est.). Area: 721 000 sq. km (278 400 sq. miles) 2. the Pinyin transliteration of the Chinese name for Koko Nor
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