scotoma

sco·to·ma

S0159600 (skə-tō′mə)n. pl. sco·to·mas or sco·to·ma·ta (-mə-tə) An area of diminished vision within the visual field.

[New Latin scotōma, from Late Latin, dim sight, from Greek skotōma, dizziness, from skotoun, to darken, from skotos, darkness.]

sco·to′ma·tous adj.

scotoma

(skɒˈtəʊmə) n, pl -mas or -mata (-mətə) 1. (Pathology) pathol a blind spot; a permanent or temporary area of depressed or absent vision caused by lesions of the visual system, viewing the sun directly (eclipse scotoma), squinting, etc2. (Psychology) psychol a mental blind spot; inability to understand or perceive certain matters[C16: via Medieval Latin from Greek skotōma giddiness, from skotoun to make dark, from skotos darkness] scotomatous adj

sco•to•ma

(skoʊˈtoʊ mə)

n., pl. -mas, -ma•ta (-mə tə) loss of vision in a part of the visual field; blind spot. [1535–45; < Greek skótōma dizziness = skotō-, variant s. of skotoûn to darken, stupefy, make dizzy, v. derivative of skótos darkness, dizziness + -ma resultative n. suffix] sco•tom′a•tous (-ˈtɒm ə təs) adj.

scotoma, scotomy

a blind spot or blind area in the field of vision.See also: Blindness

Thesaurus

Noun

scotoma - an isolated area of diminished vision within the visual fieldvision defect, visual defect, visual disorder, visual impairment - impairment of the sense of sightannular scotoma - a circular scotoma surrounding the center of the field of visioncentral scotoma - a scotoma that involves the fixation pointhemianopic scotoma - a scotoma involving half of the visual fieldparacentral scotoma - a scotoma that is adjacent to the fixation pointflittering scotoma, scintillating scotoma - a localized area of diminished vision edged by shimmering colored lights; in many people it indicates the onset of migraine

Translations

scotoma

[sko-to´mah] (Gr.) 1. an area of lost or depressed vision within the visual field, surrounded by an area of less depressed or of normal vision.2. mental scotoma. adj., adj scotom´atous.absolute scotoma an area within the visual field in which perception of light is entirely lost.annular scotoma a circular area of depressed vision surrounding the point of fixation.arcuate scotoma an arc-shaped defect of vision arising in an area near the blind spot and extending toward it.central scotoma an area of depressed vision corresponding with the fixation point and interfering with or abolishing central vision.centrocecal scotoma a horizontal oval defect in the visual field situated between and embracing both the fixation point and the blind spot.color scotoma an isolated area of depressed or defective vision for color in the visual field.hemianopic scotoma depressed or lost vision affecting half of the central visual field; see also hemianopia.mental scotoma in psychiatry, a figurative blind spot in a person's psychological awareness, the patient being unable to gain insight into and to understand his mental problems; lack of insight.negative scotoma a scotoma appearing as a blank spot in the visual field; the patient is unaware of it, and it is detected only by examination.peripheral scotoma an area of depressed vision toward the periphery of the visual field.physiologic scotoma that area of the visual field corresponding with the optic disk, in which the photosensitive receptors are absent.positive scotoma one which appears as a dark spot in the visual field.relative scotoma an area of the visual field in which perception of light is only diminished, or loss is restricted to light of certain wavelengths.ring scotoma annular s.scintillating scotoma blurring of vision with the sensation of a luminous appearance before the eyes, with a zigzag, wall-like outline; called also teichopsia.

sco·to·ma

, pl.

sco·to·ma·ta

(skō-tō'mă, skō-tō'mă-tă), Do not confuse this word with scatoma.1. An isolated area of varying size and shape, within the visual field, in which vision is absent or depressed. 2. A blind spot in psychological awareness. [G. skotōma, vertigo, fr. skotos, darkness]

scotoma

(skə-tō′mə)n. pl. scoto·mas or scoto·mata (-mə-tə) An area of diminished vision within the visual field.

sco·to′ma·tous adj.

scotoma

Neurology A vision defect Psychiatry A figurative blind spot in a person's awareness

sco·to·ma

, pl. scotomata (skō-tō'mă, -mă-tă) 1. An isolated area of varying size and shape, within the visual field, in which vision is absent or depressed. 2. A blind spot in psychological awareness. [G. skotōma, vertigo, fr. skotos, darkness]

scotoma

A blind spot or area in the field of vision. This may be caused by GLAUCOMA, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, MIGRAINE, retinal disorders or a brain tumour.

Scotoma

An area of lost or depressed vision within the visual field surrounded by an area of normal vision. Survivors of retinoblastoma frequently develop scotomas.Mentioned in: Retinoblastoma

scotoma

An area of partial or complete blindness surrounded by normal or relatively normal visual field. See angioscotoma; hemianopia; quad-rantanopia.
absolute scotoma A scotoma in which vision is entirely absent in the affected area. See retinoschisis; relative scotoma.
annular scotoma See arcuate scotoma; ring scotoma.
arcuate scotoma Scotoma running from the blind spot into the nasal visual field and following the course of the retinal nerve fibres. A double arcuate scotoma extending both in the upper and lower part of the field may join to make an annular scotoma or ring scotoma. A common cause is glaucoma. Syn. comet scotoma; scimitar scotoma. See arcuate fibres; retinal raphe; Bjerrum's scotoma.
Bjerrum's scotoma An arcuate scotoma extending around the fixation point (usually located between the 10º and 20º circles), which occurs in open-angle glaucoma. It often extends from the horizontal midline to the optic disc (Fig. S4). Syn. Bjerrum's sign. See Roenne nasal step; Seidel's scotoma.
central scotoma A scotoma involving the fixation area.
comet scotoma See arcuate scotoma.
congruous s'. Scotomas in the two visual fields that are identical. They form a single defect in the binocular visual field. Such scotomas are often the result of lesions in the visual cortex.
flittering scotoma See scintillating scotoma.
incongruous s'. Scotomas in the two visual fields that differ in one or more ways. Such scotomas are often the result of lesions in the optic tract.
junction scotoma A visual defect due to a lesion (e.g. a pituitary tumour) at the junction of one optic nerve with the chiasma where it is believed that the inferior nasal fibres of the contralateral optic nerve loop before passing backward to the optic tract. The visual defects typically consist of an upper temporal quadrantanopia in the field of the contralateral eye with, usually, a temporal hemicentral scotoma in the ipsilateral eye. Some authors attribute these visual defects to prechiasmal compression of one optic nerve plus compression of the whole chiasma. See Wilbrand's knee.
negative scotoma A scotoma of which the person is unaware. The physiological blind spot is an example of a negative scotoma but it is usually referred to as a physiological scotoma.
paracentral scotoma A scotoma involving the area adjacent to the fixation area.
physiological scotoma See negative scotoma.
positive scotoma A scotoma of which the person is aware.
relative scotoma A scotoma in which there is some vision left or in which there is blindness to some stimuli, but not to others. See absolute scotoma.
ring scotoma 1. An annular scotoma surrounding the fixation point. It may be formed by the development of two arcuate scotomas. Syn. annular scotoma. 2. A circular area in the peripheral field of view at the edge of a strong convex spectacle lens which is not seen (Fig. S5). This scotoma is due to the prismatic effect at the edge of the lens and unlike other scotomas, not from a pathological condition. When the head turns the ring scotoma also turns and it is then called a roving ring scotoma. See jack-in-the-box phenomenon.
roving ring scotoma See jack-in-the-box phenomenon; ring scotoma.
scimitar scotoma See arcuate scotoma.
scintillating scotoma The sudden appearance of a transient, shimmering scotoma with a zigzag outline of brightly coloured lights (also called a fortification spectrum or fortification figures). It usually occurs as one of the first symptoms of a migraine attack. Syn. flittering scotoma. See migraine; teichopsia.
Seidel's scotoma An arcuate scotoma extending above and below the blind spot found in glaucoma. Syn. Seidel's sign. See Bjerrum's scotoma.

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Fig. S4 Bjerrum's scotoma

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Fig. S5 Ring scotoma produced by a strong convex spectacle lens (shaded area)

sco·to·ma

, pl. scotomata (skō-tō'mă, -mă-tă) Isolated area of varying size and shape, within visual field, in which vision is absent or depressed. [G. skotōma, vertigo, fr. skotos, darkness]

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scotoma, scotomy

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Words related to scotoma

noun an isolated area of diminished vision within the visual field

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