thiamine

thi·a·mine

T0162900 (thī′ə-mĭn, -mēn′) also thi·a·min (-mĭn)n. A vitamin, C₁₂H₁₇ClN₄OS, of the vitamin B complex, found in beans, whole grains, meat, and yeast, and necessary for carbohydrate metabolism and normal neural activity. Also called vitamin B₁.

[Alteration of thiamin : thi(o)- + (vit)amin.]

thiamine

(ˈθaɪəˌmiːn; -mɪn) or

thiamin

n (Biochemistry) biochem a soluble white crystalline vitamin that occurs in the outer coat of rice and other grains. It forms part of the vitamin B complex and is essential for carbohydrate metabolism: deficiency leads to nervous disorders and to the disease beriberi. Formula: C12H17ON4SCl.H2O. Also: vitamin B1 or aneurin [C20: thio- + (vit)amin]

thi•a•mine

(ˈθaɪ ə mɪn, -ˌmin)

also thi•a•min

(-mɪn)

n. a crystalline, water-soluble vitamin-B compound, C₁₂H₁₇ClN₄OS, abundant in liver, legumes, and cereal grains. Also called vitamin B₁. [1905–10]

thi·a·mine

(thī′ə-mĭn) A vitamin belonging to the vitamin B complex (B₁) that is important in carbohydrate metabolism and normal activity of the nervous system. It is found in bran, yeast, and meat.

Thesaurus

Noun

thiamine - a B vitamin that prevents beriberi; maintains appetite and growthaneurin, antiberiberi factor, thiamin, vitamin B1B complex, B vitamin, B-complex vitamin, vitamin B, vitamin B complex, B - originally thought to be a single vitamin but now separated into several B vitamins

Translations

thiamine

thiamine:

see coenzymecoenzyme
, any one of a group of relatively small organic molecules required for the catalytic function of certain enzymes. A coenzyme may either be attached by covalent bonds to a particular enzyme or exist freely in solution, but in either case it participates intimately in
..... Click the link for more information. ; vitaminvitamin,
group of organic substances that are required in the diet of humans and animals for normal growth, maintenance of life, and normal reproduction. Vitamins act as catalysts; very often either the vitamins themselves are coenzymes, or they form integral parts of coenzymes.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Thiamine

A water-soluble vitamin found in many foods; pork, liver, and whole grains are particularly rich sources. It is also known as vitamin B₁ or aneurin. The structural formula of thiamine is shown below. (1)

Thiamine deficiency is known as beriberi in humans and polyneuritis in birds. Muscle and nerve tissues are affected by the deficiency, and poor growth is observed. People with beriberi are irritable, depressed, and weak. They often die of cardiac failure. Wernicke's disease observed in alcoholics is associated with a thiamine deficiency. This disease is characterized by brain lesions, liver disease, and partial paralysis, particularly of the motor nerves of the eye. As is the case in all B vitamin diseases, thiamine deficiency is usually accompanied by deficiencies of other vitamins.

Thiamine

(vitamin B₁; aneurine), a heterocyclic compound that is one of the water-soluble vitamins. It consists of colorless crystals with a characteristic odor.

Thiamine was first isolated from rice hulls by the Polish scientist K. Funk in 1912 and later was obtained synthetically. In nature, thiamine is synthesized by plants and certain microorganisms; it is found in the greatest quantities in brewers’ yeast, cereal grains, and potatoes. Animals and humans obtain thiamine from food. A shortage of thiamine in the diet results in the appearance of a serious disease, polyneuritis (in beriberi).

The physiological significance of thiamine results from the coenzyme functions of its pyrophosphoric ester, thiamine pyrophosphate (cocarboxylase). The daily requirement of thiamine for humans is 1.5–2 mg. Thiamine and its phosphoric esters and disulfide derivatives are used to treat peripheral neuritis, diabetes mellitus, disorders of the cardiovascular system, and other diseases associated with disruption of carbohydrate metabolism.

REFERENCE

Ostrovskii, Iu. M. Tiamin. Minsk, 1971.

thiamine

[′thī·ə·mən] (biochemistry) C₁₂H₁₇ClN₄OS A member of the vitamin B complex that occurs in many natural sources, frequently in the form of cocarboxylase. Also known as aneurine; vitamin B₁.

thiamine

, thiamin Biochem a soluble white crystalline vitamin that occurs in the outer coat of rice and other grains. It forms part of the vitamin B complex and is essential for carbohydrate metabolism: deficiency leads to nervous disorders and to the disease beriberi. Formula: C₁₂H₁₇ON₄SCl.H₂O

thiamine

[thi´ah-min] vitamin B₁, a component of the B complex group of vitamins, found in various foodstuffs and present in the free state in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Deficiency results in neurological symptoms, cardiovascular dysfunction, edema, and reduced intestinal motility. See also vitamin.

thi·a·min

(thī'ă-min), A heat-labile and water-soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and in the germ and husk of grains; also artificially synthesized; essential for growth; a deficiency of thiamin is associated with beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Synonym(s): aneurine, antiberiberi factor, antiberiberi vitamin, antineuritic factor, antineuritic vitamin, thiamine, vitamin B1 [thia- + vitamin]

thiamine

(thī′ə-mĭn, -mēn′) also

thiamin

(-mĭn)n. A vitamin, C₁₂H₁₇ClN₄OS, of the vitamin B complex, found in meat, yeast, and the bran coat of grains, and necessary for carbohydrate metabolism and normal neural activity. Also called vitamin B₁.

thiamin

A water-soluble B vitamin that is a necessary cofactor in alpha-keto decarboxylation, links glycolysis with the Krebs cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle, the main source of energy in mammals), and is critical in the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Thiamin aids in digestion; improves tolerance to pain; is useful against psoriasis, shingles and seborrhoeic dermatitis; and reduces gastric acidity. Absence of thiamin results in malnutrition, softened bones and mental depression.
Dietary sources
Grains, yeast and animal viscera.

thiamine

Vitamin B1. The drug is on the WHO official list. See also VITAMINS.

Thiamine

A B vitamin essential for the body to process carbohydrates and fats. Alcoholics may suffer complications (including Wernike-Korsakoff syndrome) from a deficiency of this vitamin.Mentioned in: Alcohol-Related Neurologic Disease

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REFERENCE

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Synonyms for thiamine

noun a B vitamin that prevents beriberi

Synonyms

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