scratch

scratch

S0165600 (skrăch)v. scratched, scratch·ing, scratch·es v.tr.1. To make a thin shallow cut or mark on (a surface) with a sharp instrument.2. To use the nails or claws to dig or scrape at.3. To rub or scrape (the skin) to relieve itching.4. To scrape or strike on an abrasive surface.5. To write or draw (something) by scraping a surface: scratched their initials on a rock.6. To write or draw hurriedly: scratched off a thank-you note.7. a. To strike out or cancel (a word, for example) by or as if by drawing lines through.b. Slang To cancel (a project or program, for example).8. a. To withdraw (an entry) from a contest or competition: The jockey decided to scratch the horse when it sprained its ankle.b. To withdraw an entry from (a contest or competition): Having won three races already, the swimmer scratched her final event.v.intr.1. To use the nails or claws to dig, scrape, or wound.2. To rub or scrape the skin to relieve itching.3. To make a harsh scraping sound.4. To gather funds or produce a living with difficulty.5. a. To withdraw from a contest or competition.b. Games To make a shot in billiards that results in a penalty, as when the cue ball falls into a pocket or jumps the cushion.n.1. a. A mark resembling a line that is produced by scratching.b. A slight wound.2. A hasty scribble.3. A sound made by scratching.4. a. Sports The starting line for a race.b. A contestant who has been withdrawn from a competition.5. Games a. The act of scratching in billiards.b. A fluke or chance shot in billiards.6. Poultry feed.7. Slang Money.adj.1. Done haphazardly or by chance.2. Assembled hastily or at random.3. Sports Having no golf handicap.Idioms: from scratch From the very beginning. scratch the surface To investigate or treat something in superficial or preliminary fashion. up to scratch Informal 1. Meeting the requirements.2. In fit condition.

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[Middle English scracchen, probably blend of scratten, to scratch, and cracchen, to scratch (possibly from Middle Dutch cratsen).]

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scratch′er n.

scratch

(skrætʃ) vb1. to mark or cut (the surface of something) with a rough or sharp instrument2. (often foll by: at, out, off, etc) to scrape (the surface of something), as with claws, nails, etc3. to scrape (the surface of the skin) with the nails, as to relieve itching4. to chafe or irritate (a surface, esp the skin)5. to make or cause to make a grating sound; scrape6. (sometimes foll by: out) to erase by or as if by scraping7. (tr) to write or draw awkwardly8. (sometimes foll by: along) to earn a living, manage, etc, with difficulty9. (General Sporting Terms) to withdraw (an entry) from a race, match, etc10. (Billiards & Snooker) (intr) billiards snooker a. to make a shot resulting in a penaltyb. to make a lucky shot11. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) (tr) US to cancel (the name of a candidate) from a party ticket in an election12. informal (often foll by: for) Austral to be struggling or in difficulty, esp in earning a living13. to treat (a subject) superficially14. you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours if you will help me, I will help youn15. the act of scratching16. a slight injury17. a mark made by scratching18. a slight grating sound19. (General Sporting Terms) (in a handicap sport)a. a competitor or the status of a competitor who has no allowance or receives a penaltyb. (as modifier): a scratch player. 20. (General Sporting Terms) the time, initial score, etc, of such a competitor21. (General Sporting Terms) a. the line from which competitors start in a raceb. (formerly) a line drawn on the floor of a prize ring at which the contestants stood to begin or continue fighting22. (General Sporting Terms) a withdrawn competitor in a race, etc23. (Billiards & Snooker) billiards snooker a. a shot that results in a penalty, as when the cue ball enters the pocketb. a lucky shot24. (Zoology) poultry food25. from scratch informal from the very beginning26. up to scratch (usually used with a negative) informal up to standardadj27. (General Sporting Terms) sport (of a team) assembled hastily28. (General Sporting Terms) (in a handicap sport) with no allowance or penalty29. informal rough or haphazard[C15: via Old French escrater from Germanic; compare Old High German krazzōn (German kratzen); related to Old French gratter to grate¹] ˈscratchy adj ˈscratchily adv ˈscratchiness n

scratch

(skrætʃ)

v.t. 1. to break, mar, or mark the surface of by rubbing, scraping, or tearing with something sharp or rough. 2. to remove with a scraping or tearing action. 3. to rub or scrape slightly, as with the fingernails, to relieve itching. 4. to rub or draw along a rough, grating surface. 5. to strike out or cancel (something written) by or as if by drawing a line through it. 6. to withdraw (an entry) from a race or contest. 7. a. to strike out the name of (a candidate) on a party ticket, while predominantly supporting the ticket. b. to reject a particular candidate on (a party ticket). 8. to write or draw by cutting into a surface. 9. to manipulate (a phonograph record) back and forth under the stylus to produce rhythmic sounds. v.i. 10. to use the nails, claws, etc., for tearing, digging, etc. 11. to relieve itching by rubbing with the nails, etc. 12. to make a slight grating noise; scrape. 13. to earn a living or get along with difficulty. 14. to withdraw from a race or contest. 15. (in certain card games) to make no score; earn no points. 16. Billiards, Pool. to make a shot that results in a penalty, esp. to pocket the cue ball without hitting the object ball. n. 17. a slight injury, mar, or mark caused by scratching. 18. a rough mark made by a pen, pencil, etc.; scrawl. 19. the act of scratching. 20. a slight grating sound produced by scratching. 21. the starting place, starting time, or status of a competitor in a handicap who has no allowance and no penalty. 22. Billiards, Pool. a. a shot resulting in a penalty. b. a fluke or lucky shot. 23. (in certain card games) a score of zero; nothing. 24. Slang. money. adj. 25. used for hasty writing, notes, etc.: scratch paper. 26. without any allowance, penalty, or handicap, as a competitor. 27. gathered hastily and indiscriminately: a scratch crew. Idioms: 1. from scratch, a. from the very beginning or from nothing. b. using basic components or ingredients rather than prefabricated ones: to bake a cake from scratch. 2. up to scratch, as good as the standard; satisfactory. [1425–75; scracchen (v.), b. Middle English scratten to scratch, and cracchen, with same sense] scratch′er, n.

scratch

Past participle: scratched
Gerund: scratching

Imperative
scratch
scratch

Present
I scratch
you scratch
he/she/it scratches
we scratch
you scratch
they scratch

Preterite
I scratched
you scratched
he/she/it scratched
we scratched
you scratched
they scratched

Present Continuous
I am scratching
you are scratching
he/she/it is scratching
we are scratching
you are scratching
they are scratching

Present Perfect
I have scratched
you have scratched
he/she/it has scratched
we have scratched
you have scratched
they have scratched

Past Continuous
I was scratching
you were scratching
he/she/it was scratching
we were scratching
you were scratching
they were scratching

Past Perfect
I had scratched
you had scratched
he/she/it had scratched
we had scratched
you had scratched
they had scratched

Future
I will scratch
you will scratch
he/she/it will scratch
we will scratch
you will scratch
they will scratch

Future Perfect
I will have scratched
you will have scratched
he/she/it will have scratched
we will have scratched
you will have scratched
they will have scratched

Future Continuous
I will be scratching
you will be scratching
he/she/it will be scratching
we will be scratching
you will be scratching
they will be scratching

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been scratching
you have been scratching
he/she/it has been scratching
we have been scratching
you have been scratching
they have been scratching

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been scratching
you will have been scratching
he/she/it will have been scratching
we will have been scratching
you will have been scratching
they will have been scratching

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been scratching
you had been scratching
he/she/it had been scratching
we had been scratching
you had been scratching
they had been scratching

Conditional
I would scratch
you would scratch
he/she/it would scratch
we would scratch
you would scratch
they would scratch

Past Conditional
I would have scratched
you would have scratched
he/she/it would have scratched
we would have scratched
you would have scratched
they would have scratched

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	scratch - an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn offabrasion, excoriation, scrapegraze - a superficial abrasionrope burn - abrasion (usually on the hands) caused by friction from a ropewound, lesion - an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)
	2.	scratch - a depression scratched or carved into a surfaceincision, prick, dent, slitimprint, impression, depression - a concavity in a surface produced by pressing; "he left the impression of his fingers in the soft mud"scotch, score - a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)
	3.	scratch - informal terms for money boodle, clams, dinero, gelt, kale, lettuce, lolly, lucre, moolah, pelf, shekels, simoleons, wampum, loot, dough, bread, cabbage, sugarmoney - the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender; "we tried to collect the money he owed us"
	4.	scratch - a competitor who has withdrawn from competitionchallenger, competitor, contender, rival, competition - the contestant you hope to defeat; "he had respect for his rivals"; "he wanted to know what the competition was doing"
	5.	scratch - a line indicating the location of the start of a race or a gamescratch line, starting line, startline - in games or sports; a mark indicating positions or bounds of the playing area
	6.	scratch - dry mash for poultry chicken feedmash - mixture of ground animal feeds
	7.	scratch - a harsh noise made by scraping; "the scrape of violin bows distracted her"scrape, scratching, scrapingnoise - sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound); "he enjoyed the street noises"; "they heard indistinct noises of people talking"; "during the firework display that ended the gala the noise reached 98 decibels"
	8.	scratch - poor handwriting cacography, scrawl, scribblehandwriting, script, hand - something written by hand; "she recognized his handwriting"; "his hand was illegible"chicken scratch - cramped or illegible handwritingsquiggle - an illegible scrawl; "his signature was just a squiggle but only he could make that squiggle"
	9.	scratch - (golf) a handicap of zero strokes; "a golfer who plays at scratch should be able to achieve par on a course"golf, golf game - a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holeshandicap - advantage given to a competitor to equalize chances of winning
	10.	scratch - an indication of damagescar, scrape, markblemish, mar, defect - a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something (especially on a person's body); "a facial blemish"
Verb	1.	scratch - cause friction; "my sweater scratches"fray, rub, chafe, fretadjoin, contact, touch, meet - be in direct physical contact with; make contact; "The two buildings touch"; "Their hands touched"; "The wire must not contact the metal cover"; "The surfaces contact at this point"
	2.	scratch - cut the surface of; wear away the surface ofscratch up, scrapeclaw - scratch, scrape, pull, or dig with claws or nailsscuff - mar by scuffing; "scuffed shoes"incise - make an incision into by carving or cuttingscratch out, cut out - strike or cancel by or as if by rubbing or crossing out; "scratch out my name on that list"
	3.	scratch - scrape or rub as if to relieve itching; "Don't scratch your insect bites!"itch, rubirritate - excite to an abnormal condition, or chafe or inflame; "Aspirin irritates my stomach"
	4.	scratch - postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled; "Call off the engagement"; "cancel the dinner party"; "we had to scrub our vacation plans"; "scratch that meeting--the chair is ill"call off, cancel, scrub
	5.	scratch - remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line; "Please strike this remark from the record"; "scratch that remark"excise, expunge, strikedelete, cancel - remove or make invisible; "Please delete my name from your list"
	6.	scratch - gather (money or other resources) together over time; "She had scraped together enough money for college"; "they scratched a meager living"scrape up, scrape, come upnickel-and-dime - accumulate gradually; "she nickeled-and-dimed together a small house for her family"collect, compile, accumulate, amass, roll up, hoard, pile up - get or gather together; "I am accumulating evidence for the man's unfaithfulness to his wife"; "She is amassing a lot of data for her thesis"; "She rolled up a small fortune"
	7.	scratch - carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface; "engrave a pen"; "engraved the trophy cupt with the winner's"; "the lovers scratched their names into the bark of the tree"engrave, inscribe, gravechip at, carve - engrave or cut by chipping away at a surface; "carve one's name into the bark"engrave, etch - carve or cut a design or letters into; "engrave the pen with the owner's name"character - engrave or inscribe characters on

scratch

verb1. rub, scrape, claw at The old man lifted his cardigan to scratch his side.2. mark, cut, score, damage, grate, graze, etch, lacerate, incise, make a mark on Knives will scratch the worktop.3. cut, skin, wound, rub, bark, scrape, graze, rasp, chafe, lacerate, abrade He had blood on his nose and he had scratched his knees.noun1. mark, scrape, graze, blemish, gash, laceration, claw mark I pointed to a number of scratches on the tile floor.2. cut, wound, scrape, graze, abrasion, laceration He walked away from the accident without a scratch.scratch about or round search (about or around), hunt (about or around), scrabble (about or around), rummage (about or around), forage (about or around), fossick (about or around) (Austral. & N.Z.), root about or around, ferret about or around, cast about or around, poke about or around, nose about or around They scratch about in the forest litter.scratch something out erase, eliminate, delete, cancel, strike off, annul, cross out She scratched out the word `frightful'.up to scratch (Informal) adequate, acceptable, satisfactory, capable, sufficient, competent, up to standard, up to snuff (informal) She made me feel I wasn't up to scratch.

scratch

verb1. To bring or come into abrasive contact, often with a harsh grating sound:grate, rasp, scrape.2. To remove or invalidate by or as if by running a line through or wiping clean.Also used with out:annul, blot (out), cancel, cross (off or out), delete, efface, erase, expunge, obliterate, rub (out), strike (out), undo, wipe (out), x (out).Law: vacate.3. Slang. To decide not to go ahead with (something previously arranged):call off, cancel.Slang: scrub.noun1. An incision, a notch, or a slight cut made with or as if with a knife:score, scotch, slash.2. Slang. Something, such as coins or printed bills, used as a medium of exchange:cash, currency, lucre, money.Informal: wampum.Slang: bread, cabbage, dough, gelt, green, jack, lettuce, long green, mazuma, moola.Chiefly British: brass.

Translations

抓抓痕擦伤起跑线退出比赛

scratch

(skrӕtʃ) verb1. to mark or hurt by drawing a sharp point across. The cat scratched my hand; How did you scratch your leg?; I scratched myself on a rose bush. 抓傷 抓破2. to rub to relieve itching. You should try not to scratch insect bites. 搔抓 搔3. to make by scratching. He scratched his name on the rock with a sharp stone. 刻劃 刻划4. to remove by scratching. She threatened to scratch his eyes out. 抓取 勾掉, ，抓 5. to withdraw from a game, race etc. That horse has been scratched. (使)退出比賽 退出比赛 noun1. a mark, injury or sound made by scratching. covered in scratches; a scratch at the door. 抓痕，抓傷，刮抓聲 抓痕，抓伤，刮擦声 2. a slight wound. I hurt myself, but it's only a scratch. 擦傷 擦伤3. in certain races or competitions, the starting point for people with no handicap or advantage. (某些速度賽或競賽中，無差點或領先參賽者的)起點 起跑线ˈscratchy adjective 潦草的 潦草的ˈscratchiness noun 潦草 潦草scratch the surface to deal too slightly with a subject. We started to discuss the matter, but only had time to scratch the surface. 粗淺探討 对...作肤浅的探讨start from scratch to start (an activity etc) from nothing, from the very beginning, or without preparation. He now has a very successful business but he started from scratch. 從零開始 从零开始up to scratch at or to the required or satisfactory standard. Your work does not come up to scratch. 達到標準 准备好，达到标准

scratch

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