synodic period
synodic period
(sĭnŏd`ĭk), in astronomy, length of time during which a body in the solar system makes one orbitorbit,in astronomy, path in space described by a body revolving about a second body where the motion of the orbiting bodies is dominated by their mutual gravitational attraction.
..... Click the link for more information. of the sun relative to the earth, i.e., returns to the same elongationelongation,
in astronomy, the angular distance between two points in the sky as measured from a third point. The elongation of a planet is usually measured as the angular distance from the sun to the planet as measured from the earth.
..... Click the link for more information. . Because the earth moves in its own orbit, the synodic period differs from the sidereal period, which is measured relative to the stars. The synodic period of the moon, which is called the lunar month, or lunation, is 29 1-2 days long; it is longer than the sidereal month. The moon is full when it is at oppositionopposition,
in astronomy, alignment of two celestial bodies on opposite sides of the sky as viewed from earth. Opposition of the moon or planets is often determined in reference to the sun.
..... Click the link for more information. . One sidereal month later it will not yet be full, since it must travel further in its orbit around the earth to reach the point of opposition, which has moved relative to the stars because of the earth's motion. Since the calendar month is not equal to the lunar month, the full moon does not occur on the same day every month. The length of time between recurrences of the full moon on the same date is 235 lunar months, or 19 years. This period, called the Metonic cycle, was discovered by the Greek astronomer Meton in 433 B.C. It is used in determining the date of Easter in the Gregorian calendarcalendar
[Lat., from Kalends], system of reckoning time for the practical purpose of recording past events and calculating dates for future plans. The calendar is based on noting ordinary and easily observable natural events, the cycle of the sun through the seasons with equinox
..... Click the link for more information. and was used in placing the intercalary month in the ancient Greek calendar. For the inferior planetsinferior planet,
planet whose orbit lies inside that of the earth. There are two inferior planets, Mercury and Venus. They always seem to be close to the sun in the sky; the greatest elongation of Mercury is 28°, and that of Venus, 47°.
..... Click the link for more information. the synodic period is longer than the sidereal period, but for the superior planetssuperior planet,
planet whose orbit lies outside that of the earth. The superior planets are Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
..... Click the link for more information. it is shorter.
synodic period
The average time between successive conjunctions of two planets as seen from the Earth, or between successive conjunctions of a satellite with the Sun as seen from the satellite's primary. Synodic period, P s, and sidereal period, P 1, of an inferior or superior planet are related, respectively, by the equationsP 2 is the sidereal period of the Earth, i.e. 365.256 days or 1 year. For a satellite the first equation applies, P 2 being the sidereal period of the primary.
Synodic Period
(religion, spiritualism, and occult)A synodic period (from the Greek, meaning “to meet or travel together”) is the period a heavenly body takes to move from one conjunction with the Sun to the next. A synodic month, for example, is the period of time between successive new moons (which is 29 days 12 hours 44 minutes). Because Earth is always moving forward in its orbit, the time it takes the Moon to complete a synodic month differs from the time it takes the Moon to return to its original position relative to the backdrop of the comparatively stationary stars. Synodic cycle refers to the time between the conjunctions of two planets (not to the time between the conjunctions of a planet and the Sun).
Synodic Period
the time interval during which a planet, moving in orbit around the sun, returns to its former position relative to the sun as seen from the earth. For example, the synodic period of Venus is the time between successive identical phases. The synodic period represents the time necessary for the repetition of a planet’s configuration.