| 释义 |
accelerator
ac·cel·er·a·tor A0037700 (ăk-sĕl′ə-rā′tər)n.1. A device, especially the gas pedal of a motor vehicle, for increasing speed.2. Chemistry A substance that increases the speed of a reaction.3. Physics A particle accelerator.4. Business An organization that provides new businesses with mentoring, funding, and other services and resources, usually for a limited period of a few months, in exchange for equity.accelerator (ækˈsɛləˌreɪtə) n1. (Automotive Engineering) a device for increasing speed, esp a pedal for controlling the fuel intake in a motor vehicle; throttle2. (General Physics) physics Also called (not in technical usage): atom smasher a machine for increasing the kinetic energy of subatomic particles or atomic nuclei and focusing them on a target3. (Chemistry) chem a substance that increases the speed of a chemical reaction, esp one that increases the rate of vulcanization of rubber, the rate of development in photography, the rate of setting of synthetic resins, or the rate of setting of concrete; catalyst4. (Economics) (in an economy) the relationship between the rate of change in output or sales and the consequent change in the level of investment5. (Anatomy) anatomy a muscle or nerve that increases the rate of a functionac•cel•er•a•tor (ækˈsɛl əˌreɪ tər)
n. 1. a person or thing that accelerates. 2. a device, usu. operated by the foot, for controlling the speed of a motor vehicle engine. 3. a substance that increases the speed of a chemical change. 4. a muscle, nerve, or activating substance that quickens a movement. 5. particle accelerator. [1605–15] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  accelerator - a pedal that controls the throttle valve; "he stepped on the gas"accelerator pedal, gas pedal, throttle, gas, gunaeroplane, airplane, plane - an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets; "the flight was delayed due to trouble with the airplane"auto, automobile, car, motorcar, machine - a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine; "he needs a car to get to work"foot lever, foot pedal, treadle, pedal - a lever that is operated with the foot | | 2. |  accelerator - a valve that regulates the supply of fuel to the enginethrottle, throttle valvefuel system - equipment in a motor vehicle or aircraft that delivers fuel to the enginevalve - control consisting of a mechanical device for controlling the flow of a fluid | | 3. |  accelerator - (chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affectedcatalystchemical science, chemistry - the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactionsactivator - (biology) any agency bringing about activation; a molecule that increases the activity of an enzyme or a protein that increases the production of a gene product in DNA transcriptionbiocatalyst - a biochemical catalyst such as an enzymeenzyme - any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactionsplatinum black - a fine black powder of platinum; used as a catalyst in chemical reactions | | 4. |  accelerator - a scientific instrument that increases the kinetic energy of charged particlesatom smasher, particle acceleratorbetatron, induction accelerator - accelerates a continuous beam of electrons to high speeds by means of the electric field produced by changing magnetic fluxcharge-exchange accelerator - an accelerator in which high-energy ions escape from plasma following charge exchangeCockcroft and Walton accelerator, Cockcroft and Walton voltage multiplier, Cockcroft-Walton accelerator, Cockcroft-Walton voltage multiplier - a high-voltage machine in which rectifiers charge capacitors that discharge and drive charged particles through an accelerating tubecollider - an accelerator in which two beams of particles are forced to collide head oncyclotron - an accelerator that imparts energies of several million electron-volts to rapidly moving particleslinac, linear accelerator - ions are accelerated along a linear path by voltage differences on electrodes along the pathscientific instrument - an instrument used by scientistsstorage ring - container consisting of a set of magnets set in a doughnut-shaped ring around which charged particles from an accelerator can be kept circulating until they are used |
Translationsaccelerate (əkˈseləreit) verb1. to increase speed. The driver accelerated to pass the other car. 加速 加速2. to make (something) happen sooner. Worry accelerated his death. 加快 加快acˌceleˈration noun 加速 加速acˈcelerator noun a pedal, lever etc that controls the speed or acceleration of a machine. 加速器 加速器accelerator
accelerator: see particle acceleratorparticle accelerator,
apparatus used in nuclear physics to produce beams of energetic charged particles and to direct them against various targets. Such machines, popularly called atom smashers, are needed to observe objects as small as the atomic nucleus in studies of its
..... Click the link for more information. .Accelerator in modern bourgeois macroeconomics, the ratio of the increase in investments to the relative increment in income, consumer demand, or finished product causing this increase. The accelerator is expressed by the formula 
(where I = investments, Y = income, t = time). It is used as a quantitative expression of the “acceleration principle,” according to which any increase or reduction in income, demand, or product causes (or requires) a relatively greater (percentage-wise) increase or reduction in the “induced” investments. This principle, which was proposed by A. Aftalion in 1913 and J. M. Clark in 1919, was subsequently elaborated in greater detail by the Englishmen R. Harrod and J. Hicks and the American P. Samuelson. It has been included in the neo-Keynesian models of economic growth. The reasons for the sharper dynamics in the increments or reductions in investments, in comparison with the income or demand dynamics causing them, are to be found in the duration of the equipment manufacturing time. Therefore, in the period between the development of demand for additional equipment and its output, the unsatisfied demand impels an expansion of production beyond the limit of the initial demand. Another factor is the duration of the use of equipment. As a consequence of this, the percentage of new investments to replacement investments is greater than the percentage increase of product, the demand for which caused the new investments. For example, if, with a fixed capital of $500 million of which 10 percent wears out annually ($50 million), demand for finished goods increases by 10 percent, the investments are required to compensate not only for the wear on fixed capital but also for the additional expansion of capital to satisfy the increased demand (by $50 million). A mere 10 percent increase in the demand for finished products causes a doubling of gross investments for equipment. In macroeconomic models, the accelerator is combined with the multiplier in the form of the Hicks national income equation: Yt = At + (1–s)Yt−1 + v (Yt−1 – Yt−2) where A = autonomous investments and (1–s) = the share of consumption in national income or its increase. Depending on the multiplier factor, or the coefficient of the inclination to consume, and the accelerator, the dynamics of national income (Y) or its increases can assume an even or cyclical character. Cyclical fluctuations arise with a ratio [(1–s) + v]2 < 4v Thus, the accelerator principle is viewed by bourgeois economists as one of the main explanations for economic cycles. The rational elements of the accelerator concept consist of certain technical proportions between the replacement and expansion of fixed capital and the depiction of turning points in investment dynamics moving from one phase of the cycle to another. The fundamental failings of the concept are the substitution of technical dependencies in the process of fixed capital reproduction for the real causes of the capitalist cycle; the erroneous notion of investment dynamics as a function of income and consumer demand, while with capitalism these dynamics are determined by the drive for profit; the contradiction between the acceleration principle and the real process of the reduction in the capital intensiveness of product; and the rejection of opportunities to satisfy demand without additional investments by the fuller loading of equipment and the intensification of its utilization. Like all models in bourgeois macroeconomics, the accelerator model reflects only certain external functional relationships and ignores the actual cause-and-effect dependencies of the reproduction process. REFERENCESSamuelson, P. Ekonomika: Vvodnyi kurs. Moscow, 1964. Pages 289–303. (Translated from English.)
Al’ter, L. B. “Modeli mul’tiplikatora i akseleratora v mak-roekonomicheskoi dinamike.” In the collection Kapitalisticheskoe vosproizvodstvo v sovremennvkh usloviiakh. Moscow, 1966. Pages 107–128.
Al’ter, L. B. Burzhuaznaia politicheskaia ekonomiia SShA, ch. 13, pp. 593–609. Moscow, 1961.
Hansen, A. H. Business Cycles and National Income. New York, 1951.
Clark, J. M. “Business Acceleration and the Law of Demand.” In Readings in Business Cycle Theory, part 3. Philadelphia-Toronto, 1944.L. B. AL’TER accelerator[ak′sel·ə‚rād·ər] (graphic arts) The constituent of a photographic developer that speeds up development rate. Also known as activator. (materials) Any substance added to stucco, plaster, mortar, concrete, cement, and so on to hasten the set. In the vulcanization process, a substance, added with a curing agent, to speed processing and enhance physical characteristics of a vulcanized material. (mechanical engineering) A device for varying the speed of an automotive vehicle by varying the supply of fuel. (physics) particle accelerator accelerator1. A substance which, when added to concrete, mortar, or grout, increases the rate of hydration of a hydraulic cement, shortens the time of set, or increases the rate of hardening or strength development. 2. A substance, added with a curing agent, to speed a vulcanization process and enhance the physical properties of a vulcanized material. 3. Same as accelerating admixture.accelerator1. a device for increasing speed, esp a pedal for controlling the fuel intake in a motor vehicle; throttle 2. Physics a machine for increasing the kinetic energy of subatomic particles or atomic nuclei and focusing them on a target 3. Chem a substance that increases the speed of a chemical reaction, esp one that increases the rate of vulcanization of rubber, the rate of development in photography, the rate of setting of synthetic resins, or the rate of setting of concrete; catalyst 4. Economics (in an economy) the relationship between the rate of change in output or sales and the consequent change in the level of investment 5. Anatomy a muscle or nerve that increases the rate of a function accelerator (hardware)Additional hardware to perform some function fasterthan is possible in software running on the normal CPU.Examples include graphics accelerators and floating-point accelerators.accelerator(1) See particle accelerator.
(2) Speeding up the retrieval of Web pages. See Web page acceleration and CDN.
(3) Speeding up file downloading. See download accelerator.
(4) Speeding up hardware. See graphics accelerator, video accelerator and accelerator board.
(5) A quick way to gain knowledge when reading text on a Web page. For example, after highlighting a word and clicking a button, an accelerator may provide a dictionary definition, a foreign language translation or the map of a street address.
(6) A key combination such as Alt-Shift-G that is used to activate a task. It provides a faster activation method than selecting from a menu. See also special function key.
(7) An incubator that expects to develop the company considerably faster than normal. See incubator.accelerator
accelerator [ak-sel´er-a″ter] (L.) an agent or apparatus that increases the rate at which something occurs or progresses.serum prothrombin conversion accelerator (SPCA) factor VII, one of the coagulation factors.ac·cel·er·a·tor (ak-sel'er-ā-ter), Avoid the mispronunciation uh-sel'er-ā-ter.1. Anything that increases rapidity of action or function. 2. In physiology, a nerve, muscle, or substance that quickens movement or response. 3. A catalytic agent used to hasten a chemical reaction. Synonym(s): accelerant4. In nuclear physics, a device that accelerates charged particles (for example, protons) to high speed to produce nuclear reactions in a target, for the study of subatomic structure, for the production of radionuclides, or for radiation therapy. [L. accelerans, pres. p. of ac-celero, to hasten, fr. celer, swift] ac·cel·er·a·tor (ak-sel'ĕr-ā-tŏr) 1. Anything that increases rapidity of action or function. 2. physiology A nerve, muscle, or substance that quickens movement or response. 3. A catalytic agent used to hasten a chemical reaction.
Synonym(s): accelerant. 4. nuclear physics A device that accelerates charged particles (e.g., protons) to high speed to produce nuclear reactions in a target, often for the production of radionuclides or for radiation therapy. [L. accelerans, pres. p. of ac-celero, to hasten, fr. celer, swift]ac·cel·er·a·tor (ak-sel'ĕr-ā-tŏr) Avoid the mispronunciation uh-sel'er-ā-ter.1. Anything that increases rapidity of action or function.2. That which activates developing agents in x-ray film processing chemicals or increases alkalinity, or softens the emulsion in film. [L. accelerans, pres. p. of ac-celero, to hasten, fr. celer, swift]Patient discussion about acceleratorQ. What herbs are known to be helpful against Arthritis acceleration? A. mind you- herbs most of the time contain the same medication that pills do but without an exact amount and accompanied with other materials. there is great danger in that area, here is a guide for choosing a herbal supplement that will give you some tips :
http://www.arthritis.org/at-supplement-guide.php
More discussions about accelerator
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Accelerator PrincipleThe idea that a small change in consumer behavior can have a large effect on a company's investment. For example, suppose $100 of investment in a bakery produces $100 worth of baked goods. If consumers usually buy $100 of baked goods each year but this increases to $110, the bakery must buy 10% more equipment, baking materials, and so forth, which can increase the amount it invests in its suppliers by more than 10%. The accelerator principle exacerbates advances and declines; it is used in various models of the business cycle. See also: Multiplier. Fig. 2 Accelerator. The graph shows how gross national product and the level of investment vary over time. accelerator the relationship between the amount of net or INDUCED INVESTMENT (gross investment less REPLACEMENT INVESTMENT) and the rate of change of NATIONAL INCOME. A rapid rise in income and consumption spending will put pressure on existing capacity and encourage businesses to invest, not only to replace existing capital as it wears out but also to invest in new plant and equipment to meet the increase in demand. By way of simple illustration, let us suppose a business meets the existing demand for its product, utilizing 10 machines, one of which is replaced each year. If demand increases by 20%, it must invest in two new machines to accommodate that demand in addition to the one replacement machine. Investment is thus, in part, a function of changes in the level of income: I = f(AY). A rise in induced investment, in turn, serves to reinforce the MULTIPLIER effect in increasing national income. The combined effect of accelerator and multiplier forces working through an investment cycle has been offered as an explanation for changes in the level of economic activity associated with the BUSINESS CYCLE. Because the level of investment depends upon the rate of change of GNP, when GNP is rising rapidly then investment will be at a high level, as producers seek to add to their capacity (time t in Fig. 2). This high level of investment will add to AGGREGATE DEMAND and help to maintain a high level of GNP. However, as the rate of growth of GNP slows down from time t onward, businesses will no longer need to add as rapidly to capacity, and investment will decline towards replacement investment levels. This lower level of investment will reduce aggregate demand and contribute towards the eventual fall in GNP. Once GNP has persisted at a low level for some time, then machines will gradually wear out and businesses will need to replace some of these machines if they are to maintain sufficient production capacity to meet even the lower level of aggregate demand experienced. This increase in the level of investment at time t1 will increase aggregate demand and stimulate the growth of GNP Like FIXED INVESTMENT, investment in stock is also to some extent a function of the rate of change of income so that INVENTORY INVESTMENT is subject to similar accelerator effects. See XLR8R
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Related to accelerator: particle accelerator, Download AcceleratorSynonyms for acceleratornoun a pedal that controls the throttle valveSynonyms- accelerator pedal
- gas pedal
- throttle
- gas
- gun
Related Words- aeroplane
- airplane
- plane
- auto
- automobile
- car
- motorcar
- machine
- foot lever
- foot pedal
- treadle
- pedal
noun a valve that regulates the supply of fuel to the engineSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun (chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affectedSynonymsRelated Words- chemical science
- chemistry
- activator
- biocatalyst
- enzyme
- platinum black
noun a scientific instrument that increases the kinetic energy of charged particlesSynonyms- atom smasher
- particle accelerator
Related Words- betatron
- induction accelerator
- charge-exchange accelerator
- Cockcroft and Walton accelerator
- Cockcroft and Walton voltage multiplier
- Cockcroft-Walton accelerator
- Cockcroft-Walton voltage multiplier
- collider
- cyclotron
- linac
- linear accelerator
- scientific instrument
- storage ring
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