| 释义 |
synthesis
syn·the·sis S0970900 (sĭn′thĭ-sĭs)n. pl. syn·the·ses (-sēz′) 1. a. The combining of separate elements or substances to form a coherent whole.b. The complex whole so formed.2. Chemistry Formation of a compound from simpler compounds or elements.3. Philosophy a. Reasoning from the general to the particular; logical deduction.b. The combination of thesis and antithesis in the Hegelian dialectical process whereby a new and higher level of truth is produced.
[Latin, collection, from Greek sunthesis, from suntithenai, to put together : sun-, syn- + tithenai, to put; see dhē- in Indo-European roots.]
syn′the·sist n.synthesis (ˈsɪnθɪsɪs) n, pl -ses (-ˌsiːz) 1. the process of combining objects or ideas into a complex whole. Compare analysis2. the combination or whole produced by such a process3. (Chemistry) the process of producing a compound by a chemical reaction or series of reactions, usually from simpler or commonly available starting materials4. (Linguistics) linguistics the use of inflections rather than word order and function words to express the syntactic relations in a language. Compare analysis55. (Philosophy) philosophy archaic synthetic reasoning6. (Philosophy) philosophy a. (in the writings of Kant) the unification of one concept with another not contained in it. Compare analysis7b. the final stage in the Hegelian dialectic, that resolves the contradiction between thesis and antithesis[C17: via Latin from Greek sunthesis, from suntithenai to put together, from syn- + tithenai to place] ˈsynthesist nsyn•the•sis (ˈsɪn θə sɪs)
n., pl. -ses (-ˌsiz) 1. the combining of the constituent elements of separate material or abstract entities into a single or unified entity (opposed to analysis). 2. a complex whole formed by combining. 3. the forming or building of a more complex chemical substance or compound from elements or simpler compounds. 4. See under Hegelian dialectic. [1580–90; < Latin < Greek sýnthesis=syn(ti)thé(nai) to put together, construct (syn- syn- + tithénai to put) + -sis -sis] syn′the•sist, n. syn·the·sis (sĭn′thĭ-sĭs) The formation of a chemical compound by combining simpler compounds or elements.
synthesize verbsynthesisIn intelligence usage, the examining and combining of processed information with other information and intelligence for final interpretation.synthesis1. the process of putting two or more things, concepts, elements, etc., together to form a whole.
2. the whole formed of such combined parts. See also thinking. — synthesist, n., — synthetic, synthetical, adj.See also: Joining
the process of deductive reasoning, as from cause to effect, from the simple elements to the complex whole, etc. See also joining. — synthesist, n. — synthetic, synthetical adj.See also: Philosophy
the process of deductive reasoning, as from cause to effect, from the simple elements to the complex whole, etc. See also joining. — synthesist, n. — synthetic, synthetical, adj.See also: ThinkingSynthesis a body of things put together, 1865.Examples: synthesis of human belief, 1865; of divine graces, 1882; of qualities, 1870.synthesisThe formation of chemical compounds by constructing them directly from their elements or from other simple compounds.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | synthesis - the process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds)biogenesis, biosynthesis - production of a chemical compound by a living organismchemical action, chemical change, chemical process - (chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involvedchemosynthesis - synthesis of carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water; limited to certain bacteria and funginucleosynthesis - (astronomy) the cosmic synthesis of atoms more complex than the hydrogen atom | | 2. | synthesis - the combination of ideas into a complex wholesynthetic thinkingabstract thought, logical thinking, reasoning - thinking that is coherent and logicalanalytic thinking, analysis - the abstract separation of a whole into its constituent parts in order to study the parts and their relations | | 3. | synthesis - reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)deductive reasoning, deductionabstract thought, logical thinking, reasoning - thinking that is coherent and logicalsyllogism - deductive reasoning in which a conclusion is derived from two premises |
synthesisnoun combining, integration, amalgamation, unification, welding, coalescence His novels are a rich synthesis of Balkan history and mythology.Translationssynthesis (ˈsinθəsis) – plural ˈsyntheses (-siːz) – noun (something produced through) the process of combining separate parts, eg chemical elements or substances, into a whole. Plastic is produced by synthesis; His recent book is a synthesis of several of his earlier ideas. 合成(物)，綜合 合成（物），综合 ˈsynthesize, ˈsynthesise verb to make (eg a drug) by synthesis. Some hormones can be synthesized. 合成 合成synthetic (sinˈθetik) noun, adjective (a substance) produced artificially by a chemical process. nylon and other synthetic materials / synthetics. 合成的 合成的synthesis
synthesis1. the process of producing a compound by a chemical reaction or series of reactions, usually from simpler or commonly available starting materials 2. Philosophy archaic synthetic reasoning 3. Philosophya. (in the writings of Kant) the unification of one concept with another not contained in it b. the final stage in the Hegelian dialectic, that resolves the contradiction between thesis and antithesis Synthesis (religion, spiritualism, and occult)Synthesis refers to the final stage in horoscope interpretation, when the astrologer weaves the many particular influences into a coherent whole. The ability to meaningfully synthesize astrological information rather than to simply list the interpretations of each individual component of a chart is the mark of an experienced astrologer. Synthesis the combination of various elements and aspects of an object so as to form a whole (system), a process carried on in both everyday activity and cognition. In this sense, synthesis and analysis are opposite, but inextricably linked, concepts, each complementing the other and each being realized through the other. In modern science, the term “synthesis” is also used in several specific senses. Thus, “synthesis” refers to reasoning that proceeds, step by step, from what has been demonstrated to what is to be demonstrated; analysis, by contrast, proceeds from what can be demonstrated to what has already been demonstrated. A similar concept of synthesis and analysis, found in the classical philosophers and geometers, such as Plato, Euclid, and Pappus of Alexandria, is propounded, for example, by J. Hintikka of Finland. In yet another sense, “synthesis” is related to “synthetic judgments” (seeLOGICAL SEMANTICS). Synthesis and analysis not only underlie all types of human activity but also, in their elementary forms, determine the behavior of the higher animals; in various technical applications, they are used in computer programs, artificial self-organizing systems, and the like. The synthetic and analytic activity of the human brain is the physiological basis of human behavior. As a mental operation, synthesis derives from the objective combination of the parts of various objects so as to form a whole; historically, it has been intertwined with human social and productive activity. The laws by which objective synthetic actions are transformed into psychic synthetic operations (internalization) have been studied by psychologists, for example, by J. Piaget, S. L. Rubinshtein, and A. N. Leont’ev. As a cognitive operation, synthesis takes many different forms. Any process of concept formation rests ultimately on the unity of synthesis and analysis. Empirical data obtained from the study of any given object are synthesized as they are given theoretical generalization. In theoretical scientific knowledge, synthesis is manifested in the interdependence, on the basis of the correlative principle, of theories related to a single objective realm: manifested, that is, in the union of competing and, in some respects opposed, theories, for example, in contemporary physics the synthesis of the particle and wave theories. Synthesis is also manifested in, among others, the formulation of deductive theories, such as axiomatic theories and hypothetical-deductive theories. Synthesis is manifested in the dialectical method of ascending from the abstract to the concrete, as a means of formulating a theoretical knowledge of complex and ever-evolving objects: the concrete knowledge so obtained from the object studied is synthesis, the unity of the object’s diverse abstract definitions. Contemporary science is characterized by synthesis not only within individual scientific disciplines but also between the various disciplines, in what is known as interdisciplinary synthesis. Synthesis has been of great importance in the emergence of biophysics, biochemistry, econometrics, and other interdisciplinary fields. Contemporary science is also characterized by synthesis between the fundamental realms of scientific and technical knowledge: the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the technical sciences. The 20th century has witnessed the emergence of several integrative sciences—for example, cybernetics—in which data on the structural properties of the various disciplines’ objects of study are synthesized. Research on the techniques of synthesizing scientific knowledge is essential to achieving the unity of science. In this respect, dialectical materialism proceeds from the diversity of forms of scientific and technical knowledge, a diversity united during cognition on the basis of a synthesis of the methodological means, concepts, and principles proper to the respective fields of knowledge. REFERENCESMarx, K., and F. Engels. Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 20.
Lenin, V. I. Poln. sobr. soch., 5th ed., vols. 18, 29.
‘Mamardashvili, M. K. “Protsessy analiza i sinteza.” Voprosy filosofii, 1958, no. 2.
Il’enkov, E. V. Dialektika abstraktnogo i konkretnogo v “Kapitale” Marksa. Moscow, 1960.
Kedrov. B. M. Klassifikatsiianauk, vols. 1–2. Moscow, 1961–65.
Gorskii, D. P. Problemy obshchei metodologii nauk i dialekticheskoi logiki. Moscow, 1966.
Sintez sovremennogo nauchnogo znaniia. Moscow, 1973.
Bunge, M. Scientific Research, vols. 1–2. Boston, 1967.V. N. SADOVSKII synthesis[′sin·thə·səs] (chemistry) Any process or reaction for building up a complex compound by the union of simpler compounds or elements. (control systems) system design synthesis (programming, specification)The process of deriving(efficient) programs from (clear) specifications.
See also program transformation.synthesisA combination, derivation or compilation. See logic synthesis.synthesis
synthesis [sin´thĕ-sis] 1. the creation of an integrated whole by the combining of simpler parts or entities.2. the formation of a chemical compound by the union of its elements or from other suitable components.3. in psychiatry, the integration of the various elements of the personality. adj., adj synthet´ic.synthesis of learning the restructuring of previously learned concepts and behaviors into new patterns.syn·the·sis, pl. syn·the·ses (sin'thĕ-sis, -sēz), 1. A building up, putting together, composition. 2. In chemistry, the formation of compounds by the union of simpler compounds or elements. 3. Stage in the cell cycle in which DNA is synthesized as a preliminary to cell division. [G. fr. syn, together, + thesis, a placing, arranging] synthesis (sĭn′thĭ-sĭs)n. pl. synthe·ses (-sēz′) 1. a. The combining of separate elements or substances to form a coherent whole.b. The complex whole so formed.2. Chemistry Formation of a compound from simpler compounds or elements.3. Philosophy a. Reasoning from the general to the particular; logical deduction.b. The combination of thesis and antithesis in the Hegelian dialectical process whereby a new and higher level of truth is produced.
syn′the·sist n.synthesis The creation of a whole from simpler parts or components. See Biosynthesis, Cell-free synthesis, Combinatorial biosynthesis, Coordinated enzyme synthesis, Narcosynthesis, Parallel synthesis, Psychosynthesis, Split synthesis. syn·the·sis, pl. syntheses (sin'thĕ-sis, -sēz) 1. Generally, the process of building up, putting together, or composing. 2. chemistry The formation of compounds by the union of simpler compounds or elements. 3. The stage in the cell cycle in which DNA is synthesized as a preliminary to cell division. [syn- + thesis, a placing, arranging]syn·the·sis, pl. syntheses (sin'thĕ-sis, -sēz) 1. A composition. 2. In chemistry, formation of compounds by union of simpler compounds or elements. [syn- + thesis, a placing, arranging]synthesis
Related to synthesis: Synthesis ReactionSynonyms for synthesisnoun combiningSynonyms- combining
- integration
- amalgamation
- unification
- welding
- coalescence
Synonyms for synthesisnoun the process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds)Related Words- biogenesis
- biosynthesis
- chemical action
- chemical change
- chemical process
- chemosynthesis
- nucleosynthesis
noun the combination of ideas into a complex wholeSynonymsRelated Words- abstract thought
- logical thinking
- reasoning
Antonyms- analytic thinking
- analysis
noun reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)Synonyms- deductive reasoning
- deduction
Related Words- abstract thought
- logical thinking
- reasoning
- syllogism
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