strike

S0808900 (strīk)v. struck (strŭk), struck or strick·en (strĭk′ən), strik·ing, strikes v.tr.1. a. To hit sharply, as with a hand, fist, weapon, or implement: struck the table in anger; strikes the ball with a nine iron; struck the nail with a hammer.b. To inflict (a blow).2. To penetrate or pierce: was struck in the leg by a bullet.3. a. To collide with or crash into: She struck the desk with her knee.b. To cause to come into violent or forceful contact: She struck her knee against the desk.c. To thrust (a weapon, for example) in or into someone or something: struck the sword into the dragon.d. To damage or destroy, as by forceful contact: Lightning struck the tree.4. To make a military attack on; assault.5. To afflict suddenly, as with a disease or impairment: was stricken with cancer.6. To cause to become suddenly in a certain way: struck him dead.7. a. To snap at or seize (a bait).b. To hook (a fish that has taken the bait) by a pull on the line.8. To wound by biting. Used especially of a snake.9. To form by stamping, printing, or punching: strike a medallion.10. To produce or play by manipulating strings or keys: strike a B flat; strike w, t, and y on the keyboard.11. To indicate by a percussive or chiming sound: The clock struck nine.12. To produce as if by playing a musical instrument: The report struck a positive note in the final paragraph.13. a. To produce by friction or a blow: struck fire from the flints.b. To produce flame, light, or a spark by friction: strike a match.14. To remove or separate suddenly, as with a blow: struck the wasp from his shoulder; struck off the diseased branch with a machete.15. To eliminate or expunge: strike a trial witness's answer to a question as inadmissible hearsay.16. a. To come upon (a mineral deposit) by effort; discover: struck gold.b. To come to; reach or attain: finally struck the main trail.17. a. To fall upon; shine on: A bright light struck her face.b. To become audible to: An odd sound struck his ear.18. To affect keenly or forcibly; impress: The suggestion struck her as foolish.19. To enter the mind of: The thought struck me from out of the blue.20. a. To cause (a strong emotion) to penetrate deeply: struck terror into their hearts.b. To affect or overcome with strong emotion: She was struck with alarm at the news.21. a. To make and confirm the terms of (a bargain).b. To achieve (a balance, for example) by careful consideration.22. To position one's body in (a pose, for example); assume.23. Nautical a. To haul down (a mast or sail).b. To lower (a flag or sail) in salute or surrender.c. To lower (cargo) into a hold.24. To remove (theatrical properties, a set, or technical equipment) from a stage.25. To dismantle and pack up for departure: strike camp.26. To undertake a strike against (an employer).27. a. To level or even (a measure, as of grain).b. To smooth or shape with a strickle.28. a. To send (plant roots) out or down.b. To cause (a plant cutting) to take root.v.intr.1. To deal a blow or blows, as with the fist or a weapon; hit.2. To aim a stroke or blow: struck at his opponent but missed.3. To make contact suddenly or violently; collide: A car and a bus struck at the intersection.4. To begin a military attack: The enemy struck unexpectedly.5. Sports To score a goal: The home team struck early in the game.6. To penetrate or pierce: The cold struck right through our jackets.7. To take bait: The fish are striking.8. To dart or shoot suddenly forward in an attempt to inflict a bite or wound. Used of snakes and wild animals.9. To set out or proceed, especially in a new direction: struck off into the forest.10. To begin to move: The horse struck into a gallop.11. a. To send out roots.b. To sprout.12. a. To indicate the time by making a percussive or chiming sound: The clock struck just as we left.b. To become indicated by a percussive or chiming sound: The hour has struck.13. To become ignited.14. To discover something suddenly or unexpectedly: struck on a new approach.15. To fall, as light or sound: sunlight striking on the cliffs; a din struck upon their ears.16. To have an effect; make an impression.17. To engage in a strike against an employer.18. To interrupt by pushing oneself forward: struck rudely into the conversation.19. To strive diligently for a specific technical rating in the US Navy.n.1. An act or gesture of striking.2. An attack, especially a military air attack on a single group of targets.3. Sports A scoring attempt, often resulting in a goal.4. a. A cessation of work by employees in support of demands made on their employer, as for higher pay or improved conditions.b. A temporary stoppage of normal activity undertaken as a protest.5. A sudden achievement or valuable discovery, as of a precious mineral.6. a. The taking of bait by a fish.b. A pull on a fishing line indicating this.7. A quantity of coins or medals struck at the same time.8. a. Baseball A pitched ball that is counted against the batter, typically one that is swung at and missed, fouled off, or judged to have passed through the strike zone.b. A perfectly thrown ball: The quarterback threw a strike to the receiver.9. An unfavorable condition, circumstance, or characteristic; a disadvantage: "[They] were trying to sell a movie with several strikes against it as a mass-audience 'property'" (John Sayles).10. Sports a. The knocking down of all the pins in bowling with the first bowl of a frame.b. The score so made.11. The taking root and growing of a plant cutting.12. Geology The course or bearing of a structural surface, such as an inclined bed, as it intersects a horizontal plane.13. The removal of all properties, sets, and technical equipment following a final performance, as of a play or concert.14. A strickle.15. A device serving the functions of a strike plate, especially one that can be electronically released to allow access.Phrasal Verbs: strike down1. To cause to fall by a blow.2. To incapacitate or kill: He was struck down by tuberculosis.3. To invalidate: The court struck down the law as unconstitutional. strike out1. To begin a course of action.2. To set out energetically.3. Baseball To pitch three strikes to (a batter), putting the batter out. To be struck out.4. To fail in an endeavor. strike up1. To start to play music or sing: The band suddenly struck up. To start to play or sing (something): The orchestra struck up a waltz. To cause to start to play or sing: Strike up the band!2. To initiate or begin: strike up a conversation.Idioms: on strike Engaged in a work stoppage: Most of the employees were on strike. strike hands To conclude a bargain or reach an agreement. strike it rich Informal To have sudden financial success.

[Middle English striken, from Old English strīcan, to stroke; see streig- in Indo-European roots.]Our Living Language The central role that baseball has played in American culture is known to all, but is particularly evident in the abundance of baseball expressions applied to circumstances outside the sport. When people say that they have struck out in an endeavor, they are using one such expression. We routinely speak of ballpark figures or estimates, of some unexpected quirk of fate or tricky question on an exam being a curve ball, of minor-league or bush-league players in a field or business, who might one day enter the big leagues. If we can't go to lunch with a person who invites us, we take a rain check. We can go to bat or pinch-hit for a friend. We can be off base about something or so disconnected we are out in left field. When we cooperate we are playing ball, and when we get serious or even ruthless about something, we are playing hardball. Some unfortunate people are said to have been born with two strikes against them if bad things come their way right off the bat. The list could go on and on, but that would only be running up the score.

strike

(straɪk) vb, strikes, striking or struckpast part struck or strickenpast part struck or stricken1. to deliver (a blow or stroke) to (a person)2. to come or cause to come into sudden or violent contact (with)3. (tr) to make an attack on4. (General Physics) to produce (fire, sparks, etc) or (of fire, sparks, etc) to be produced by ignition5. (General Physics) to cause (a match) to light by friction or (of a match) to be lighted6. (Music, other) to press (the key of a piano, organ, etc) or to sound (a specific note) in this or a similar way7. (Music, other) to indicate (a specific time) by the sound of a hammer striking a bell or by any other percussive sound8. (Zoology) (of a venomous snake) to cause injury by biting9. (tr) to affect or cause to affect deeply, suddenly, or radically, as if by dealing a blow: her appearance struck him as strange; I was struck on his art. 10. (usually foll by: with) to render incapable or nearly so: she was stricken with grief. 11. (tr) to enter the mind of: it struck me that he had become very quiet. 12. to render: I was struck dumb. 13. (tr) to be perceived by; catch: the glint of metal struck his eye. 14. to arrive at or come upon (something), esp suddenly or unexpectedly: to strike the path for home; to strike upon a solution. 15. (sometimes foll by: out) to set (out) or proceed, esp upon a new course: to strike for the coast. 16. (Pathology) (tr; usually passive) to afflict with a disease, esp unexpectedly: he was struck with polio when he was six. 17. (Mining & Quarrying) (tr) to discover or come upon a source of (ore, petroleum, etc)18. (Botany) (tr) (of a plant) to produce or send down (a root or roots)19. (tr) to take apart or pack up; break (esp in the phrase strike camp)20. (tr) to take down or dismantle (a stage set, formwork, etc)21. (Nautical Terms) (tr) nautical a. to lower or remove (a specified piece of gear)b. to haul down or dip (a flag, sail, etc) in salute or in surrenderc. to lower (cargo, etc) into the hold of a ship22. to attack (an objective) with the intention of causing damage to, seizing, or destroying it23. (Angling) to impale the hook in the mouth of (a fish) by suddenly tightening or jerking the line after the bait or fly has been taken24. (Metallurgy) (tr) to form or impress (a coin, metal, etc) by or as if by stamping25. (Building) to level (a surface) by use of a flat board26. (tr) to assume or take up (an attitude, posture, etc)27. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) (intr) (of workers in a factory, etc) to cease work collectively as a protest against working conditions, low pay, etc28. (tr) to reach by agreement: to strike a bargain. 29. (Law) (tr) to form (a jury, esp a special jury) by cancelling certain names among those nominated for jury service until only the requisite number remains. See also special jury30. (Rowing) (tr) rowing to make (a certain number of strokes) per minute: Oxford were striking 38. 31. (Swimming, Water Sports & Surfing) to make a stroke or kick in swimming32. (Gambling, except Cards) (tr) (in Malaysia) to win (a lottery or raffle)33. strike home a. to deliver an effective blowb. to achieve the intended effect34. strike it lucky strike lucky to have some good luck35. (Mining & Quarrying) to discover an extensive deposit of a mineral, petroleum, etc36. (Banking & Finance) to have an unexpected financial successn37. an act or instance of striking38. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) a cessation of work by workers in a factory, industry, etc, as a protest against working conditions or low pay: the workers are on strike again. 39. (Military) a military attack, esp an air attack on a surface target: air strike. 40. (Baseball) baseball a pitched ball judged good but missed or not swung at, three of which cause a batter to be out41. (Bowls & Bowling) tenpin bowling a. the act or an instance of knocking down all the pins with the first bowl of a single frameb. the score thus made. Compare spare¹⁷42. a sound made by striking43. (Horology) the mechanism that makes a clock strike44. (Mining & Quarrying) the discovery of a source of ore, petroleum, etc45. (Geological Science) the horizontal direction of a fault, rock stratum, etc, which is perpendicular to the direction of the dip46. (Angling) angling the act or an instance of striking47. (Metallurgy) the number of coins or medals made at one time48. (Tools) another name for strickle¹49. informal an unexpected or complete success, esp one that brings financial gain50. (Cricket) take strike cricket (of a batsman) to prepare to play a ball delivered by the bowler[Old English strīcan; related to Old Frisian strīka to stroke, Old High German strīhhan to smooth, Latin stria furrow] ˈstrikeless adj

strike

(straɪk)

v. struck; struck (esp. for 31-34 ) strick•en; strik•ing; v.t. 1. to deal a blow to, as with the fist, a weapon, or a hammer; hit. 2. to inflict; deliver: struck a blow. 3. to drive so as to cause impact: to strike the hands together. 4. to thrust forcibly: struck a pike into the earth. 5. to produce by percussion or friction: to strike sparks. 6. to cause (a match) to ignite by friction. 7. to come into forcible contact or collision with: The ship struck a rock. 8. to reach or fall upon, as light or sound. 9. to enter the mind of: A happy thought struck him. 10. to arrest the faculty of: That painting struck my eye. 11. to impress strongly: strikes one's fancy. 12. to impress in a particular manner: How does it strike you? 13. to happen upon; find: struck oil. 14. to send down or put forth (a root), as a plant. 15. to arrive at; achieve: to strike a compromise. 16. to take apart; pull down: to strike a tent. 17. to remove from the stage: to strike a set. 18. to lower: to strike a sail. 19. (of a fish) to snatch at (bait). 20. to make level with a strickle. 21. to cancel; cross out: to strike a passage from a speech. 22. to stamp: to strike a medal. 23. to separate by or as if by a blow: struck chips from a log. 24. to mark by or as if by chimes: The clock struck 12. 25. to afflict suddenly: stricken with fever. 26. to overwhelm emotionally: struck with awe. 27. to cause to become a certain way: struck me dumb. 28. to implant; induce: to strike fear into someone. 29. to move suddenly into: The horse struck a gallop. 30. to assume the formal character of: struck a pose. 31. to conclude; confirm: struck a bargain. 32. to reach in due course: We struck Rome by noon. 33. to go on strike against (an employer). v.i. 34. to deal a blow or stroke. 35. to make an attack, esp. a planned military assault. 36. to knock; rap. 37. to come into forcible contact; collide. 38. to run aground. 39. to make an impression. 40. to come suddenly: struck on a new way of doing it. 41. to sound by percussion: The clock strikes. 42. to be indicated by or as if by such percussion: The hour has struck. 43. to ignite by friction. 44. to take root, as a slip of a plant. 45. to make one's way: They struck for the woods. 46. to go on strike against an employer. 47. to lower the flag or colors, esp. in salute or surrender. 48. (of fish) to take bait. 49. strike out, a. to put out or be put out by a strikeout in baseball. b. to fail. c. to erase; cross out. d. to set forth; venture forth. 50. strike up, a. to begin: struck up a tune. b. to bring into being: to strike up an acquaintance. n. 51. an act or instance of striking. 52. a group work stoppage to compel an employer to accede to workers' demands or to protest an employer's conditions. 53. a temporary stoppage of something in protest. 54. a baseball pitch that is either swung at and missed, in the strike zone but not swung at, or hit into foul territory with less than two strikes against the batter. 55. a. the knocking down of all the bowling pins with the first bowl. b. the score so made. Compare spare (def. 18). 56. the discovery of a rich mineral deposit. 57. a planned attack, esp. by military aircraft. 58. the striking mechanism of a timepiece. 59. a. a sharp jerk made on a fishing line to set the hook in the fish's mouth. b. a pull on the line by a fish taking bait. 60. a quantity of coins struck at one time. 61. a. the direction of the line formed by the intersection of each intervening surface of a bed or stratum of sedimentary rock with a horizontal plane. b. the direction or trend of a structural feature, as an anticlinal axis. Idioms: 1. have two strikes against one, to be at a critical disadvantage: Without a job or a bank account, I'll have two strikes against me. 2. on strike, engaged in a group work stoppage. 3. strike a blow for, to further the cause of. 4. strike home, a. to deal an effective blow. b. to have the intended effect. 5. strike it rich, to have sudden or unexpected success. [before 1000; (v.) Middle English; Old English strīcan to stroke, make level, c. Old High German strīhhan; akin to streak, stroke¹] syn: See beat.

strike

An attack which is intended to inflict damage on, seize, or destroy an objective.

Strike

a unit of eels; a dry measure varying from two pecks to four bushels; a bundle or hank of flax; a large catch of fish. See also strick.Examples: strike of acorns, 1681; of coins (the number struck at one time), 1891; of eels, 1667; of fish; of flax, 1386; of herrings, 1894; of peas, 1523.

strike

If you strike someone or something, you hit them with your hand, a stick, or something else. This is a formal use.

He was striking his dog with his whip.

The past tense and past participle of strike is struck, not 'striked'.

The young man struck his father.He had struck her only in self-defence.

Strike is also used in the following ways to describe the effect something has on a person's mind:

If an idea or thought strikes you, it comes into your mind suddenly.

It struck him how foolish his behaviour had been.

If something strikes you in a particular way, it gives you a particular impression.

Gertie strikes me as a very silly girl.How did London strike you?

If you are struck by something, you are very impressed with it.

I was struck by his good manners.

strike

Past participle: struck
Gerund: striking

Imperative
strike
strike

Present
I strike
you strike
he/she/it strikes
we strike
you strike
they strike

Preterite
I struck
you struck
he/she/it struck
we struck
you struck
they struck

Present Continuous
I am striking
you are striking
he/she/it is striking
we are striking
you are striking
they are striking

Present Perfect
I have struck
you have struck
he/she/it has struck
we have struck
you have struck
they have struck

Past Continuous
I was striking
you were striking
he/she/it was striking
we were striking
you were striking
they were striking

Past Perfect
I had struck
you had struck
he/she/it had struck
we had struck
you had struck
they had struck

Future
I will strike
you will strike
he/she/it will strike
we will strike
you will strike
they will strike

Future Perfect
I will have struck
you will have struck
he/she/it will have struck
we will have struck
you will have struck
they will have struck

Future Continuous
I will be striking
you will be striking
he/she/it will be striking
we will be striking
you will be striking
they will be striking

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been striking
you have been striking
he/she/it has been striking
we have been striking
you have been striking
they have been striking

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been striking
you will have been striking
he/she/it will have been striking
we will have been striking
you will have been striking
they will have been striking

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been striking
you had been striking
he/she/it had been striking
we had been striking
you had been striking
they had been striking

Conditional
I would strike
you would strike
he/she/it would strike
we would strike
you would strike
they would strike

Past Conditional
I would have struck
you would have struck
he/she/it would have struck
we would have struck
you would have struck
they would have struck

strike

1. Called by the umpire when the batter misses a legal pitch or does not swing at a pitch in the strike zone.2. Act of hooking the ball in the front row of the scrum.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	strike - a group's refusal to work in protest against low pay or bad work conditions; "the strike lasted more than a month before it was settled"work stoppagejob action - a temporary action by workers to protest management decision or to make demandssit-down, sit-down strike - a strike in which workers refuse to leave the workplace until a settlement is reachedsympathetic strike, sympathy strike - a strike in support of other workers who are on strike; a strike not resulting from direct grievances against the workers' employerwalkout - a strike in which the workers walk outwildcat strike - a strike undertaken by workers without approval from the officials of their union
	2.	strike - an attack that is intended to seize or inflict damage on or destroy an objective; "the strike was scheduled to begin at dawn"attack, onrush, onset, onslaught - (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons); "the attack began at dawn"first strike - the initial use of nuclear weapons to attack a country that also has nuclear weapons; considered feasible only when the attacker can destroy the other country's ability to retaliate; "the Pakistani president promised no first strike against India"surgical strike - an attack (usually without prior warning) intended to deal only with a specific targetpreventive attack, preventive strike - a strike that is carried out in order to deter expected aggression by hostile forces
	3.	strike - a gentle blow rap, tapblow, bump - an impact (as from a collision); "the bump threw him off the bicycle"
	4.	strike - a score in tenpins: knocking down all ten with the first ball; "he finished with three strikes in the tenth frame"ten-strikescore - the act of scoring in a game or sport; "the winning score came with less than a minute left to play"
	5.	strike - (baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the batter hits into foul territory, or that the batter does not swing at but the umpire judges to be in the area over home plate and between the batter's knees and shoulders; "this pitcher throws more strikes than balls"pitch, delivery - (baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter
	6.	strike - a conspicuous success; "that song was his first hit and marked the beginning of his career"; "that new Broadway show is a real smasher"; "the party went with a bang"hit, smasher, bang, smashsuccess - an attainment that is successful; "his success in the marathon was unexpected"; "his new play was a great success"megahit, smash hit, blockbuster - an unusually successful hit with widespread popularity and huge sales (especially a movie or play or recording or novel)sleeper - an unexpected hit; "that movie was the sleeper of the summer"
Verb	1.	strike - deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon; "The teacher struck the child"; "the opponent refused to strike"; "The boxer struck the attacker dead"touch - make physical contact with, come in contact with; "Touch the stone for good luck"; "She never touched her husband"jab - strike or punch with quick and short blowsdab, pat - hit lightly; "pat him on the shoulder"bunt, butt - to strike, thrust or shove against; "He butted his sister out of the way"; "The goat butted the hiker with his horns"collide with, impinge on, hit, run into, strike - hit against; come into sudden contact with; "The car hit a tree"; "He struck the table with his elbow"knock, strike hard - deliver a sharp blow or push :"He knocked the glass clear across the room"knock down, push down, pull down, cut down, down - cause to come or go down; "The policeman downed the heavily armed suspect"; "The mugger knocked down the old lady after she refused to hand over her wallet"spur - strike with a spurbeak, peck, pick - hit lightly with a picking motiontap, tip - strike lightly; "He tapped me on the shoulder"hew - strike with an axe; cut down, strike; "hew an oak"sideswipe - strike from the sidelash, whip - strike as if by whipping; "The curtain whipped her face"beat - hit repeatedly; "beat on the door"; "beat the table with his shoe"beat - strike (a part of one's own body) repeatedly, as in great emotion or in accompaniment to music; "beat one's breast"; "beat one's foot rhythmically"sclaff - strike (the ground) in making a sclaffclout - strike hard, especially with the fist; "He clouted his attacker"knap, rap - strike sharply; "rap him on the knuckles"chop - strike sharply, as in some sportsslap - hit with something flat, like a paddle or the open hand; "The impatient teacher slapped the student"; "a gunshot slapped him on the forehead"sclaff - strike (a golf ball) such that the ground is scraped firstbatter, buffet, knock about - strike against forcefully; "Winds buffeted the tent"fell, strike down, cut down, drop - cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow; "strike down a tree"; "Lightning struck down the hikers"
	2.	strike - have an emotional or cognitive impact upon; "This child impressed me as unusually mature"; "This behavior struck me as odd"impress, affect, moveinfect - affect in a contagious way; "His laughter infects everyone who is in the same room"surprise - cause to be surprised; "The news really surprised me"ingrain, instill, impress - produce or try to produce a vivid impression of; "Mother tried to ingrain respect for our elders in us"awaken - make aware; "They were awakened to the sad facts"incite, motivate, prompt, propel, actuate, move - give an incentive for action; "This moved me to sacrifice my career"engrave - impress or affect deeply; "The event engraved itself into her memory"strike dumb - render speechless, as by surprising or shocking; "we were struck dumb by the candidate's announcement"zap - strike suddenly and with force; "This show zaps the viewers with some shocking scenes"jar - affect in a disagreeable way; "This play jarred the audience"hit home, strike a note, strike home, strike a chord - refer to or be relevant or familiar to; "I hope this message hits home!"smite - affect suddenly with deep feeling; "He was smitten with love for this young girl"cloud - make gloomy or depressed; "Their faces were clouded with sadness"pierce - move or affect (a person's emotions or bodily feelings) deeply or sharply; "The cold pierced her bones"; "Her words pierced the students"impress - impress positively; "The young chess player impressed her audience"sweep off, sweep away - overwhelm emotionally; "Her swept her away"disturb, trouble, upset - move deeply; "This book upset me"; "A troubling thought"touch, stir - affect emotionally; "A stirring movie"; "I was touched by your kind letter of sympathy"move - arouse sympathy or compassion in; "Her fate moved us all"sadden - make unhappy; "The news of her death saddened me"alienate - make withdrawn or isolated or emotionally dissociated; "the boring work alienated his employees"come to, hit, strike - cause to experience suddenly; "Panic struck me"; "An interesting idea hit her"; "A thought came to me"; "The thought struck terror in our minds"; "They were struck with fear"
	3.	strike - hit against; come into sudden contact with; "The car hit a tree"; "He struck the table with his elbow"collide with, impinge on, hit, run intostub - strike (one's toe) accidentally against an object; "She stubbed her toe in the dark and now it's broken"touch - make physical contact with, come in contact with; "Touch the stone for good luck"; "She never touched her husband"ping - hit with a pinging noise; "The bugs pinged the lamp shade"spang, bang - leap, jerk, bang; "Bullets spanged into the trees"rear-end - collide with the rear end of; "The car rear-ended me"broadside - collide with the broad side of; "her car broad-sided mine"connect - land on or hit solidly; "The brick connected on her head, knocking her out"spat - strike with a sound like that of falling rain; "Bullets were spatting the leaves"thud - strike with a dull sound; "Bullets were thudding against the wall"bottom - strike the ground, as with a ship's bottombottom out - hit the ground; "the car bottomed out where the driveway meets the road"bump, knock - knock against with force or violence; "My car bumped into the tree"bump into, jar against, knock against, run into, butt against - collide violently with an obstacle; "I ran into the telephone pole"strike - deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon; "The teacher struck the child"; "the opponent refused to strike"; "The boxer struck the attacker dead"clash, collide - crash together with violent impact; "The cars collided"; "Two meteors clashed"glance - hit at an angle
	4.	strike - make a strategic, offensive, assault against an enemy, opponent, or a target; "The Germans struck Poland on Sept. 1, 1939"; "We must strike the enemy's oil fields"; "in the fifth inning, the Giants struck, sending three runners home to win the game 5 to 2"hitattack, assail - launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with; "Hitler attacked Poland on September 1, 1939 and started World War II"; "Serbian forces assailed Bosnian towns all week"slice - hit a ball so that it causes a backspinchop - hit sharplystroke - strike a ball with a smooth blowshoot, pip, hit - hit with a missile from a weaponstrike back, retaliate - make a counterattack and return like for like, especially evil for evil; "The Empire strikes back"; "The Giants struck back and won the opener"; "The Israeli army retaliated for the Hamas bombing"hit, strike - affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely; "We were hit by really bad weather"; "He was stricken with cancer when he was still a teenager"; "The earthquake struck at midnight"
	5.	strike - indicate (a certain time) by striking; "The clock struck midnight"; "Just when I entered, the clock struck"record, register, read, show - indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments; "The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero"; "The gauge read `empty'"
	6.	strike - affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely; "We were hit by really bad weather"; "He was stricken with cancer when he was still a teenager"; "The earthquake struck at midnight"hitaffect, bear upon, impact, bear on, touch on, touch - have an effect upon; "Will the new rules affect me?"strike, hit - make a strategic, offensive, assault against an enemy, opponent, or a target; "The Germans struck Poland on Sept. 1, 1939"; "We must strike the enemy's oil fields"; "in the fifth inning, the Giants struck, sending three runners home to win the game 5 to 2"
	7.	strike - stop work in order to press demands; "The auto workers are striking for higher wages"; "The employees walked out when their demand for better benefits was not met"walk outdissent, protest, resist - express opposition through action or words; "dissent to the laws of the country"
	8.	strike - touch or seem as if touching visually or audibly; "Light fell on her face"; "The sun shone on the fields"; "The light struck the golden necklace"; "A strange sound struck my ears"fall, shinehap, happen, occur, come about, take place, go on, pass off, fall out, pass - come to pass; "What is happening?"; "The meeting took place off without an incidence"; "Nothing occurred that seemed important"
	9.	strike - attain; "The horse finally struck a pace"come toachieve, attain, accomplish, reach - to gain with effort; "she achieved her goal despite setbacks"
	10.	strike - produce by manipulating keys or strings of musical instruments, also metaphorically; "The pianist strikes a middle C"; "strike `z' on the keyboard"; "her comments struck a sour note"hittouch - make physical contact with, come in contact with; "Touch the stone for good luck"; "She never touched her husband"
	11.	strike - cause to form (an electric arc) between electrodes of an arc lamp; "strike an arc"shape, form - give shape or form to; "shape the dough"; "form the young child's character"strike - produce by ignition or a blow; "strike fire from the flintstone"; "strike a match"
	12.	strike - find unexpectedly; "the archeologists chanced upon an old tomb"; "she struck a goldmine"; "The hikers finally struck the main path to the lake"chance on, chance upon, come across, come upon, fall upon, happen upon, light upon, attain, discoverregain, find - come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost; "Did you find your glasses?"; "I cannot find my gloves!"
	13.	strike - produce by ignition or a blow; "strike fire from the flintstone"; "strike a match"strike - cause to form (an electric arc) between electrodes of an arc lamp; "strike an arc"create, make - make or cause to be or to become; "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor"
	14.	strike - remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line; "Please strike this remark from the record"; "scratch that remark"excise, expunge, scratchdelete, cancel - remove or make invisible; "Please delete my name from your list"
	15.	strike - cause to experience suddenly; "Panic struck me"; "An interesting idea hit her"; "A thought came to me"; "The thought struck terror in our minds"; "They were struck with fear"come to, hitimpress, strike, affect, move - have an emotional or cognitive impact upon; "This child impressed me as unusually mature"; "This behavior struck me as odd"
	16.	strike - drive something violently into a location; "he hit his fist on the table"; "she struck her head on the low ceiling"hitmove, displace - cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; "Move those boxes into the corner, please"; "I'm moving my money to another bank"; "The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant"smash - hit violently; "She smashed her car against the guard rail"
	17.	strike - occupy or take on; "He assumes the lotus position"; "She took her seat on the stage"; "We took our seats in the orchestra"; "She took up her position behind the tree"; "strike a pose"assume, take up, takemove - move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion; "He moved his hand slightly to the right"fill, occupy, take - assume, as of positions or roles; "She took the job as director of development"; "he occupies the position of manager"; "the young prince will soon occupy the throne"
	18.	strike - form by stamping, punching, or printing; "strike coins"; "strike a medal"mint, coincreate from raw material, create from raw stuff - make from scratch
	19.	strike - smooth with a strickle; "strickle the grain in the measure"strickleeven, even out, level, flush - make level or straight; "level the ground"
	20.	strike - pierce with force; "The bullet struck her thigh"; "The icy wind struck through our coats"penetrate, perforate - pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance; "The bullet penetrated her chest"
	21.	strike - arrive at after reckoning, deliberating, and weighing; "strike a balance"; "strike a bargain"figure out, puzzle out, solve, lick, work out, work - find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of; "did you solve the problem?"; "Work out your problems with the boss"; "this unpleasant situation isn't going to work itself out"; "did you get it?"; "Did you get my meaning?"; "He could not work the math problem"

strike

noun1. walkout, industrial action, mutiny, revolt a call for a strike2. attack, bombing, assault, air strike, blitz a nuclear strike3. find, discovery, uncovering, unearthing an oil strike off the Shetland Islandsverb1. walk out, take industrial action, down tools, revolt, mutiny their recognition of the worker's right to strike2. hit, smack, thump, pound, beat, box, knock, punch, hammer, deck (slang), slap, sock (slang), chin (slang), buffet, clout (informal), cuff, clump (slang), swipe, clobber (slang), smite, wallop (informal), lambast(e), lay a finger on (informal), lay one on (slang) She took two steps forward and struck him across the mouth.3. drive, propel, force, hit, smack, wallop (informal) He struck the ball straight into the hospitality tents.4. collide with, hit, run into, bump into, touch, smash into, come into contact with, knock into, be in collision with He was killed when a car struck him.5. knock, bang, smack, thump, beat, smite He fell and struck his head on the stone floor.6. affect, move, hit, touch, devastate, overwhelm, leave a mark on, make an impact or impression on He was suddenly struck with a sense of loss.7. attack, assault someone, fall upon someone, set upon someone, lay into someone (informal) The killer says he will strike again.8. occur to, hit, come to, register (informal), come to the mind of, dawn on or upon At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time.9. seem to, appear to, look to, give the impression to He struck me as a very serious but friendly person.10. move, touch, impress, hit, affect, overcome, stir, disturb, perturb, make an impact on She was struck by his simple, spellbinding eloquence.11. agree on, settle on, come to an agreement on, sign, sanction, endorse, clinch (informal), ratify He insists he has struck no bargains for their release.12. achieve, arrive at, attain, reach, effect, arrange You have to strike a balance between sleep and homework.13. assume, adopt, affect, take on, take up, feign She struck a pose, one hand on her hip.14. make, render, cause to become, leave For this revelation he was struck blind by the goddess Hera.15. ring, sound, toll, dong, peal, boom The clock struck nine.16. (Formal) delete, remove, erase, pull, eliminate, extract, get rid of, strike out, expunge, take away or off or out Strike that from the minutes.17. ignite, light, set alight, touch off She struck a match and held it to the crumpled newspaper in the grate.18. (sometimes with upon) discover, find, come upon or across, reach, encounter, turn up, uncover, unearth, hit upon, light upon, happen or chance upon, stumble upon or across He realized he had just struck oil.strike back retaliate, hit back, pay (someone) back, reciprocate, take revenge, even the score, get your own back (informal), wreak vengeance, exact retribution, give as good as you get (informal), take an eye for an eye, make reprisal, give (someone) a taste of his or her own medicine, give tit for tat, return like for like Our instinctive reaction when someone causes us pain is to strike back.strike out set out, set off, start out, sally forth They left the car and struck out along the muddy track.strike someone down kill, destroy, slay, ruin, afflict, smite, bring low, deal a deathblow to a great sporting hero, struck down at 49strike something out or off or through score out, delete, cross out, remove, cancel, erase, excise, efface, expunge The censor struck out the next two lines.strike something up1. establish, start, begin, initiate, embark on, commence, get under way He struck up a friendship with a small boy who owned a pony on the island.2. start to play, start playing, embark on The band struck up a tune, and riders paraded around the ring.

strike

verb1. To deliver a powerful blow to suddenly and sharply:bash, catch, clout, hit, knock, pop, slam, slog, slug, smash, smite, sock, swat, thwack, whack, wham, whop.Informal: biff, bop, clip, wallop.Slang: belt, conk, paste.Idioms: let someone have it, sock it to someone.2. To set upon with violent force:aggress, assail, assault, attack, beset, fall on (or upon), go at, have at, sail into, storm.Informal: light into, pitch into.3. To bring great harm or suffering to:afflict, agonize, anguish, curse, excruciate, plague, rack, scourge, smite, torment, torture.4. To grasp at (something) eagerly, forcibly, and abruptly with the jaws:catch, nip, snap, snatch.5. To give forth or cause to give forth a clear, resonant sound:bong, chime, knell, peal, ring, toll.6. To remove or invalidate by or as if by running a line through or wiping clean.Also used with out:annul, blot (out), cancel, cross (off or out), delete, efface, erase, expunge, obliterate, rub (out), scratch (out), undo, wipe (out), x (out).Law: vacate.7. To evoke a usually strong mental or emotional response from:affect, get (to), impress, move, touch.8. To enter a person's mind:hit, occur.Idiom: cross one's mind.9. To have a sudden overwhelming effect on:catch, seize, take.10. To cease working in support of demands made upon an employer:walk out.Idiom: go on strike.phrasal verb
strike backTo return like for like, especially to return an unfriendly or hostile action with a similar one:counter, hit back, reciprocate, retaliate, retort.phrasal verb
strike downTo cause to fall, as from a shot or blow:bring down, cut down, down, drop, fell, flatten, floor, ground, knock down, level, prostrate, throw.Slang: deck.Idiom: lay low.phrasal verb
strike outTo proceed in a specified direction:bear, go, head, make, set out.noun1. The act of attacking:aggression, assailment, assault, attack, attempt, offense, offensive, onrush, onset, onslaught.2. Something that has been discovered:ascertainment, discovery, find, finding.

Translations

罢工铸造降下发现发现矿藏

strike

(straik) – past tense struck (strak) : past participles struck ~stricken (ˈstrikən) – verb1. to hit, knock or give a blow to. He struck me in the face with his fist; Why did you strike him?; The stone struck me a blow on the side of the head; His head struck the table as he fell; The tower of the church was struck by lightning. 打，撞 2. to attack. The enemy troops struck at dawn; We must prevent the disease striking again.攻击3. to produce (sparks or a flame) by rubbing. He struck a match/light; He struck sparks from the stone with his knife. 擦（出），打（出） 4. (of workers) to stop work as a protest, or in order to force employers to give better pay. The men decided to strike for higher wages.罢工5. to discover or find. After months of prospecting they finally struck gold/oil; If we walk in this direction we may strike the right path.发现6. to (make something) sound. He struck a note on the piano/violin; The clock struck twelve. 弹奏，敲击 7. to impress, or give a particular impression to (a person). I was struck by the resemblance between the two men; How does the plan strike you?; It / The thought struck me that she had come to borrow money.给...印象8. to mint or manufacture (a coin, medal etc). 铸（造） 9. to go in a certain direction. He left the path and struck (off) across the fields.取道...10. to lower or take down (tents, flags etc). 降下 noun1. an act of striking. a miners' strike.罢工2. a discovery of oil, gold etc. He made a lucky strike. 发现（矿藏） ˈstriker noun1. a worker who strikes. 罢工（罢课等）者 2. in football, a forward player. 前锋ˈstriking adjective noticeable or impressive. She is tall and striking; She wears striking clothes.引人注目的ˈstrikingly adverb显著地be (out) on strike (of workers) to be striking. The electricity workers are (out) on strike. （正在）罢工 call a strike (of a trade union leader etc) to ask workers to strike. 号召（工人）罢工 come out on strike (of workers) to strike. 举行罢工come/be within striking distance of to come very close to. 非常接近于...strike at to attempt to strike, or aim a blow at (a person etc). He struck at the dog with his stick.打strike an attitude / a pose to place oneself in a particular usually rather showy pose. 装腔作势strike a balance to reach a satisfactory middle level of compromise between two undesirable extremes. 在两不利之间取得平衡strike a bargain/agreement to make a bargain; to reach an agreement. 成交strike a blow for to make an effort on behalf of (a cause etc). 为...努力做...strike down to hit or knock (a person) down. He was struck down by a car / a terrible disease. 被撞（病）倒 strike dumb to amaze. I was struck dumb at the news.惊呆strike fear/terror etc into to fill (a person) with fear etc. The sound struck terror into them.感到害怕strike home (of a blow, insult etc) to reach the place where it will hurt most. 击中要害strike it rich to make a lot of money. 发横财strike lucky to have good luck in a particular matter. 走运strike out1. to erase or cross out (a word etc). He read the essay and struck out a word here and there. 勾（划）掉 2. to start fighting. He's a man who strikes out with his fists whenever he's angry.挥拳打击strike up1. to begin to play a tune etc. The band struck up (with) `The Red Flag'.开始演奏2. to begin (a friendship, conversation etc). He struck up an acquaintance with a girl on the train. 开始（结交，谈话）

strike

→ 打击zhCN, 罢工zhCN

because there was a strike (US)
Because there was a strike (UK) → 因为罢工

strike

strike,

concentrated work stoppage by a group of employees, the chief weapon of organized labor. A suspension of work on the employer's part is called a lockoutlockout,
intentional closing up of a company, factory, or shop by an employer to prevent employees from working during a strike or labor dispute. The term lockout is sometimes confused with the term strike, since what employers will frequently designate as a strike
..... Click the link for more information. . Strikes usually result from conflicts of interest between the employer, who seeks to reduce costs, and employees, who seek higher wages (or in times of depression try to stop wage decreases), shorter hours, better working conditions, union recognition, and/or improved fringe benefits. Employers may attempt to continue operation without the striking employees, and in such cases violence may occur. Violence, long a feature of U.S. labor history, often resulted from the use of armed guards (hired by the employer) or of police or state militia against pickets (see picketingpicketing,
act of patrolling a place of work affected by a strike in order to discourage its patronage, to make public the workers' grievances, and in some cases to prevent strikebreakers from taking the strikers' jobs. Picketing may be by individuals or by groups.
..... Click the link for more information. ) or for the protection of strikebreakers. During the middle and late 1930s workers in the mass-production industries (especially in the automobile industry) perfected the technique of the sit-down, later declared illegal, which was designed to prevent strikebreaking; the workers remained on the premises while refusing to work. Another cause of strikes has been the jurisdictional dispute to determine which union should be the bargaining agent for the employees. After the separation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations from the American Federation of Labor in 1935 (see American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial OrganizationsAmerican Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
(AFL-CIO), a federation of autonomous labor unions in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Panama, and U.S.
..... Click the link for more information. ), such strikes were numerous until they were forbidden by the Taft-Hartley Labor Act in 1947.

Strikes in the United States

Work stoppages in North America date from colonial times, but the first documented strike for higher wages seems to have been by printers in Philadelphia (1786), who demanded a minimum wage of $6 per week. Philadelphia's Journeymen Cordwainers became the first union to be convicted of engaging in a criminal conspiracy when they went on strike in 1806. Until the 1930s, when New Deal legislation gave unions the right to organize and strike, U.S. courts frequently ruled that strikes were illegal and issued injunctions to force employees back to work.

The first nationwide strike occurred in 1877, when railroad workers struck in the middle of an economic depression. With the advent in the 1880s of such labor organizations as the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor, strikes became more frequent. Some of the more important industry-wide strikes in the United States have been those waged by the railroad employees in 1877 and 1894, by the United Mine Workers in 1902 and 1946–47, by the steel workers in 1919, 1937, 1952, and 1959, and by the auto workers in 1937 and 1946. Important local strikes have included those of the Western Federation of MinersWestern Federation of Miners
(WFM), a radical labor union that organized the miners and smelter workers of the Rocky Mountain states. Created in 1893 by the merger of several local miners' unions, the WFM had a reputation for violent strikes and militant action from its
..... Click the link for more information. in the early 20th cent. and of the Teamsters UnionTeamsters Union,
U.S. labor union formed in 1903 by the amalgamation of the Team Drivers International Union and the Teamsters National Union. Its full name is the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen, and Helpers of America (IBT).
..... Click the link for more information. in Minneapolis in 1934.

The 1960s and 70s witnessed an increasing number of strikes by public employees, notably teachers, municipal workers, police officers, and firefighters, but generally the tendency in the United States after World War II has been toward fewer strikes. The number of strikes dropped from a record high of 470 involving 1,000 workers or more in 1952, when 2.7 million workers went on strike, to a record low of 29 in 1997, when 339,000 workers struck. (In 1988 only 118,000 workers went out on strike, but there were 40 strikes involving 1,000 workers or more.) In the 1980s employers increasingly adopted the tactic of replacing striking union workers with nonunion workers; in 1981, for example, President Reagan ordered the replacement of 8,590 members of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization when they went on strike.

Strikes in Other Countries

Strikes have been frequent in all industrialized countries where labor has the right to freedom of action. In Great Britain, where the Industrial Revolution occurred first, strikes of various sorts took place during the 19th cent.; these include the antimachine riots of the Luddites, the successful work stoppage in 1889 by the London dockworkers, and the bitter and unsuccessful strikes by coal miners in 1898 and 1926, the latter leading to a general strikegeneral strike,
sympathetic cessation of work by a majority of the workers in all industries of a locality or nation. Such a stoppage is economic if it is for the purpose of redressing some grievance or pressing upon the employer a series of economic demands.
..... Click the link for more information. . The general strike, more successful in countries where labor unions are more closely linked to political parties than in the United States, has nevertheless also been attempted in cities there. Work stoppages have also occurred under authoritarian regimes (which often legally forbid strikes) as protests against both economic and political disabilities. Strikes against foreign owners of mines and oil fields have occurred at various times in Mexico, Bolivia, Chile, Venezuela, and Iran. The strike has also been used as a political weapon in the movements for independence in Asia and Africa.

Bibliography

See T. R. Brooks, Toil and Trouble (1971); H. H. Hart, The Strike (1971); J. Brecher, Strike! (1972); F. Peterson, Strikes in the United States, 1880–1936 (1937, repr. 1972); P. K. Edwards, Strikes in the United States, 1881–1974 (1981); Labor Conflict in the United States: An Encyclopedia (1990).

Strike

one of the basic forms of the class struggle of the proletariat in capitalist countries, consisting of a collective refusal to continue working under previously existing conditions. Strikes may be political or economic, according to their aims. Strikes are frequently accompanied by demonstrations and by sharp clashes with the police, government troops, strikebreakers, and special armed detachments created by the ruling class to fight against the strike movement. A strike can be partial; that is, only a section of the workers and employees of an enterprise or a branch of the economy may go out on strike. It can be a general strike, which usually embraces one, several, or all branches of industry or transport. It can be on a countrywide scale (an all-national strike) or involve only part of a country or region (a local strike).

The first strikes of the preproletariat and the proletariat in the 16th to 18th century were economic, spontaneous, and unorganized. (The strike had been known in Italy as early as the 14th century. The first strike in the history of Europe was the spontaneous strike of hired workers in Florence in 1345, led by the woolcomber Ciuto Brandini, who was executed by the authorities.) In the process of the class struggle and the formation of the class consciousness of the proletariat, economic strikes became more organized and were combined with the workers’ political actions. They frequently were accompanied by armed struggle by the proletariat, as in the Lyon weavers’ uprisings of 1831 and 1834 and the Silesian weavers’ uprisings of 1793 and 1844. In the first half of the 19th century, the strike movement reached its greatest level in Great Britain, in the mass political strike of April 1820 and in the political general strike in the north of the country in August 1842 in support of Chartism. One of the first of the mass strikes in Russia took place in October 1835 at the Osokin Factory in Kazan. The struggle stimulated the development of workers’ organizations, such as trade unions and working-class political parties. It promoted the development of the proletariat’s class consciousness and prepared the proletariat for the ideology of socialism.

The bourgeoisie always conducted a persistent struggle against strikes, using the state apparatus, legal and administrative institutions, and punitive organs. With the assistance of the Le Chapelier Law in France (1791) and the Pitt Law in Great Britain (1799), the capitalists tried to take away from the workers the right to organize and to strike. In a prolonged struggle that lasted through the 19th century, the working class in most capitalist countries won the legalization of the right to strike. However, bourgeois legislation provided numerous grounds for the persecution of strikers. The question of strikes was raised in one form or another at all of the congresses of the First International. K. Marx and F. Engels substantiated the importance of the strike as a proletarian method of struggle. They engaged in sharp polemics with those who denied and distorted the social and political significance of the strike, such as the Proudhonists and the followers of F. Lassalle. At the Geneva congress of the First International in 1866, a resolution was adopted emphasizing the need for international assistance to striking workers. In a resolution of the Brussels congress of 1868, strikes were recognized, in response to a proposal by Marx, as a necessary tool in labor’s struggle with capital. At the same time, the resolution noted that the strike is only one of the methods of struggle and that it cannot be the only instrument for the full liberation of the proletariat from exploitation. Marx and Engels later had to defend the correct understanding of the importance of strikes in their struggle with Bakuninism, which rejected partial strikes and proclaimed the general strike as the workers’ sole, universal means of struggle. Marx and Engels also defended their view of the importance of strikes against the supporters of “pure” trade unionism, who rejected the political struggle of the working class and recognized only economic strikes.

The developing trade unions and proletarian parties began to lead the struggle of the proletariat, including strikes. The struggle began to take the form of organized strikes, prepared in advance and led by elected strike committees. Workers’ strike funds were created to provide assistance for strikers. Manifestations of international solidarity of workers with strikers became not uncommon occurrences. The attempts to organize mutual assistance played a big role in the creation of international trade union associations, such as the International Federation of Textile Workers. Strikes were transformed into a powerful defensive and offensive weapon in the economic and political struggle of the working class. The 1886 Chicago demonstration of striking workers, the Decazeville strike of 1886 in France, and the general political strike of 1893 in Belgium all had great political repercussions. A vast strike broke out at the Morozov Factory in OrekhovoZuevo in Russia in 1885. A strike of 30,000 St. Petersburg textile workers took place in 1896, under the influence of the agitation of the Union for the Struggle for the Liberation of the Working Class, organized by V. I. Lenin in 1895. The development of strikes in Russia during this period compelled the tsarist government to issue a number of laws limiting fines and the length of the working day.

A resolution of the Brussels congress of the Second Inter-national in 1891 noted that “strikes and boycotts are necessary weapons for the working class, both for defense against the enemy’s attack and for the conquest of those concessions that are possible in contemporary bourgeois society.”

The class struggle in capitalist countries has sharply intensified with the move of capitalism into the imperialist stage of development. In the USA there were 247 strikes from 1873 to 1879, 13,100 from 1886 to 1895, and 21,950 from 1896 to 1905. In France the number of strikes increased from 4,070 between 1886 and 1895 to 4,925 between 1896 and 1905. There were 14,790 strikes in Germany from 1900 to 1907. In Russia, there were 1,765 strikes from 1895 to 1904, according to data presented by Lenin in his article “On the Statistics of Strikes in Russia.” With the increase of the revolutionary upsurge in Russia, strikes developed into political and general strikes (the Obukhov defense of 1901, the Batum strike and demonstration of 1902, the Rostov strike of 1902, and the general strike in the south of Russia in 1903). In October to December 1905 the Russian proletariat for the first time in history resorted to the general political strike on a countrywide (all-national) scale. This strike directly led to the armed uprising, the highest form of the class struggle. During the strike of the Ivanovo-Voznesensk weavers in 1905, there arose a soviet of delegates, led by the Bolsheviks, which was a prototype of the Soviets of workers’ deputies. The further strengthening of the strike movement in the following years took place under the influence of the Revolution of 1905–07 in Russia, the experience of which demonstrated the significance of the political general strike.

The Swedish general strike of 1909 and the general strike of the English miners in 1912 were important political events. Mass political strikes took place in Russia in 1912 in response to the Lena shooting. More than 1 million workers struck in all parts of the country. There were 1,272,000 strikers in 1913, and about 1.5 million strikers in the first half of 1914. World War I (1914–18) temporarily halted the development of the strike movement in Russia, but it flared up with new force as early as 1915–16. The political strike that began on Feb. 18, 1917, at the Putilov Plant in Petrograd spread to a number of other enterprises and involved 200,000 workers by February 24. On February 25, it had become a general political strike of the workers of Petrograd, which developed into an uprising on February 26. The February bourgeois-democratic revolution that would overthrow tsarism had begun. Large-scale strikes provoked by the intensification of capitalist exploitation took place in 1917, during the period of power of the bourgeois Provisional Government. Only the Great October Socialist Revolution of 1917, which overthrew the power of capital, eliminated the preconditions for the strike movement in Russia.

The international proletariat in 1917 supported the Great October Socialist Revolution in Russia with numerous strikes. The proletariat expressed through strikes its protest against attempts by the imperialist bourgeoisie to strangle the first socialist state. The era of the general crisis of capitalism is marked by revolutions in a number of countries, including Germany, Austria, and Hungary, in which strikes played an enormous role. The number and duration of strikes sharply increased in such capitalist countries as the USA, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Japan.

The revolutionary international organizations of the working class—the Comintern and the Profintern—emphasized the role of strikes in struggling against the violence of the exploiters and in freeing the workers from the influence of the reformists. In the conditions of the temporary stabilization of capitalism that was developing after the revolutionary upsurge of 1918–23, it was precisely the strike movement that reflected the sharpness of social conflicts, despite the allegations of the reformists. The general strike of 1926 in Great Britain and the Ruhr strike of metalworkers in 1928 are instructive in this respect. Strikes became a component part of the national liberation struggle of peoples of colonial and dependent countries, as with the Shanghai strike in May to September 1925. During the world economic crisis of 1929–33 and in the following prewar years, when the contradictions between labor and capital were sharply intensifying, new masses of working people who had not earlier participated in strikes, such as some strata of white-collar workers, now joined the strike movement for the first time.

Strikes played an important role in the 1930’s, when the Communists initiated the creation of a united front of working people against the fascist danger. The experience of the strike battles of that period, especially in France and Spain, testify to the role of strikes.

During World War II (1939–45) mass economic and political strikes were effective weapons of struggle of the peoples against the occupation regimes in countries enslaved by fascism. Examples include the Athens general strike of 1943, the antifascist strike in the Netherlands with about 1 million participants in April-May 1943, and the general strike in Paris in August 1944, which developed into an armed uprising culminating in the liberation of Paris from the German fascist occupiers.

After World War II the mass character and mass political content of the strike movement increased. The participants in the movement frequently put forward political demands along with economic ones. The struggle entered the phase of large-scale antimonopoly actions. In this period, strikes were more frequently used in colonial and dependent countries as a means of struggle for national liberation.

Today the strike movement is unfolding in conditions of an intensification of all the capitalist contradictions caused by the confrontation between the world system of socialism and the system of capitalism, by the scientific-technological revolution, which the monopolistic bourgeoisie uses for its class interests, by the increased exploitation of broad strata of working people, by the growth of militarism, and by the further coalescence and merging of the apparatus of the largest monopolies with the state apparatus. The most monstrous and reactionary expression of this convergence is the formation of military-industrial complexes. The strike in these conditions is inevitably directed against the state-monopolistic system of exploitation, the central links of which are the intensification of labor and the subjection of the mechanism of prices and taxes to the control of the monopolies. Strikes are the means of struggle against the reactionary socioeconomic policies of the monopolies and bourgeois states. Sometimes they force the government to make concessions. For example, the general strike in France in May-June 1968 compelled De Gaulle’s government to make serious concessions to the workers. Similarly, the strike of the English workers in 1969 paralyzed the attempts of the English government to introduce harsh antilabor legislation. The working class conducts strikes in order to prevent the monopolistic bourgeoisie from using scientific-technological progress in its own narrow selfish interests without any opposition. The workers strike to place production under the democratic control of the people and to transform it into a means of raising the quality of life of the broad masses of working people. Demanding radical democratic changes, the working class, in the final analysis, constitutes a direct threat to the bases of the capitalist system. In the course of intensive and often long drawn-out strike battles, the proletariat of developed capitalist countries has succeeded in obtaining increases in their nominal and real wages. Thus, from 1958 to 1967, the average annual increase in workers1 wages in the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and Belgium varied up to 10 percent. However, at the same time, the increase in prices of industrial and food products swallowed up 40–60 percent of the nominal size of the increase. Annual wages increased 6–6.5 percent in the USA in 1968–69, but prices rose at the same rate. Strikers frequently win increases in social security and insurance. The partial successes of workers in the course of strikes is a stage in their struggle for broader economic and social goals.

Strikes in the postwar period have been of an exclusively mass character. Thus, there were 80.8 million strikers in the capitalist world between 1919 and 1939, and the number increased to 297.9 million between 1946 and 1.961. More than 300 million workers engaged in strikes between 1960 and 1968, and there were 194 million strikers between 1969 and 1971. Working-class activity in 1972 was also distinguished by its intensive and massive character. The struggle of the working class for concrete economic demands and for broad social changes (nationalization, the rights of unions at enterprises, workers’ control, and job security) merges with the growing general democratic movement against war and racism and for the democratic reform of the universities. The working class, supporting these movements, becomes the most powerful national and international force, and the outcome of the struggle depends on its position.

Other layers of the working population, such as the peasantry, craftsmen, white-collar workers, and the intelligentsia, suffering from the economic and political domination of finance capital, increasingly take up proletarian methods of struggle through striking, as do groups in the population who are subjected to racial discrimination and whose economic situation is sharply worsening. In many countries that have been liberated from colonial oppression, the strike movement, like the workers’ movement as a whole, is directed mainly against foreign capital. At the same time, strikes are increasingly being used by the workers of Asia, Africa, and especially Latin America against local reaction.

The working class engages in various forms of strikes. General strikes on the scale of industrial regions, branches of the economy, or even the entire state, with hundreds of thousands or even millions of workers participating, have become very widespread in the postwar period. Some examples are the general, all-national strike in France in May-June 1968, with 9.5 million strikers, which was a large-scale clash between broad masses of the workers and the system of state monopoly capital; the general strike in Italy on Nov. 14, 1968, with 12 million strikers; the one-day general strike in the machine-building industry of Great Britain on May 15, 1968, with 3 million participants; the general strike in France in March 1969; the “spring offensive” of Japanese workers in 1969, with 14 million participants, and in 1971, with 15 million; the general strike of Australian industrial workers in May 1969, with 1 million strikers, that is, one-half of the industrial proletariat of the country; the all-national strikes in Italy in February 1969 (18 million strikers), and on Nov. 19, 1969 (20 million); the general strike of dock workers in Great Britain in July 1970, which compelled the government to introduce a state of emergency in the country; and the general strike of English miners in January-February 1972, with approximately 300,000 participants.

A number of traditional forms of struggle have been developed further and have become more widespread. These include the rotating (“checkerboard”) strikes, which are short consecutive work stoppages in each section of a shop leading to the disorganization of work in the shop as a whole, and “reverse strikes,” in which unemployed workers begin some kind of collective work of social importance on their own initiative and then demand that the municipality pay them for their labor and guarantee them work on the construction that has been started in order to complete it. Other forms of struggle include work stoppages, in which the workers completely stop work but remain in the plant, and strikes accompanied by the occupation of the shop, as in France in May-June 1968, where approximately 300 enterprises were occupied as of May 20, or in Italy during the mass strike movement in 1969. There are also actions characterized by a work slowdown, in which the workers sharply reduce the tempo of work, and by work-to-rule, or strikes of diligence, in which the workers so strictly and formally observe all the rules and regulations that the tempo of work is slowed down. Another form is the walkout, in which the workers do not inform the administration in advance. Solidarity strikes, in support of the striking workers of other enterprises, regions, branches of the economy, or countries, and wildcat strikes, which are not approved or may even be forbidden by the trade union organization (the strike of 140,000 Ruhr workers in Germany in September 1969 and the strikes in Great Britain in 1969), are increasing in importance.

The internationalization of the demands in the strike struggle against the cosmopolitan trusts is manifested in many regions of the capitalist world, for example, in the countries of the Common Market. A new form of struggle arose in Japan in 1955, the so-called spring offensive of workers, in which approximately 10 million workers take part every year, and in France, in the “national days of struggle.” These actions, embracing the most varied elements of the population, take place under unified slogans and are distinguished by a variety of mass activities, including strikes, meetings, and demonstrations.

In the strike movement of the 1960’s, the striving of the membership of unions led by socialists and of unions belonging to the World Confederation of Labor (known as the International Federation of Christian Trade Unions until October 1968) for joint action with Communists was clearly revealed. The inclination toward unity of action has been shown in a particularly graphic manner in the struggle of the French and Italian workers, for example in the all-national strike in France in May-June 1968 and in the all-national strikes in Italy in 1968–70. The tendencies toward the unity of anti-imperialist forces in the strike struggle are also evident in Japan (the days of united action against aggression in Vietnam) and in Latin America (Chile, Uruguay, Peru, Costa Rica, and Venezuela).

The right-wing reformist trade union leaders and the right-wing leadership of the social democracy (for example, in the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway) attempt to hold their parties and unions to positions that reject the class struggle against capitalism in favor of class collaboration. The Communists, organizing and supporting the class actions of the workers for the satisfaction of their social and economic demands, conduct a struggle to overcome the split in the trade union movement and to achieve unity of action with the broad masses of youth, women, and Catholic elements among the workers. Communists see in strikes an efficient method of uniting the workers in the struggle for their social and economic rights, national independence, democracy and socialism, and for peace throughout the world.

The bourgeoisie conducts a stubborn struggle against strikes, trampling upon democratic rights and freedoms and applying open force, police methods, and antilabor legislation. Examples of antistrike legislation in the postwar period are the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 in the USA (and the 1970 amendments to it) and laws prohibiting strikes at state institutions and state services, as in Japan. Employers resort to lockouts and the compiling of blacklists of worker-activists and also use criminal methods of reprisal against strikers and their leaders. As in the past, police, government troops, strikebreakers, and special armed detachments are widely used against strikers. Under fascist-like dictatorships, participation in strikes is a criminal offense. At the same time, in the conditions of the changing relationship of forces on the world arena to the advantage of socialism and the general leftward movement of the masses, the employers not infrequently are compelled to agree to partial and sometimes complete satisfaction of strikers’ demands.

The ideologists of imperialism try in every possible way to discredit strikes, in order to remove from the hands of the working class this important means of defending the vital interests of workers. Numerous bourgeois and reformist theories of labor and social relations in the capitalist world, rejecting the Marxist theory of the class struggle and the existence of antagonistic contradictions between employers and employees, attempt to reduce these relationships to ones of collaboration in the name of “mutual benefit” and conceal the class basis of productive relations under capitalism. The same aim is pursued by the theories of “social unionism,” “industrial democracy,” “human relations,” “the monopoly powers of trade unions,” and ‘proletarianization.” The ideologists of imperialism consistently advance the idea of the “fading” of the class struggle under capitalism; of the “random” and “atypical” character of acute class conflicts in conditions of contemporary, so-called postindustrial (“neocapitalist”) society; of the transformation of the working class into the so-called middle class; and of inevitable “class collaboration” under capitalism in conditions of the supposed transformation of capitalist society into a society of “general welfare” and “equal opportunity” in the “new industrial society” and the “humanistic society of abundance.” These bourgeois and reformist theories assert that the state as the “bearer of authority” has been replaced by the “social service state,” capable of eliminating all obstacles to the achievement of complete mutual understanding between labor and capital.

Some ideologists of imperialism declare that strikes, organized by “subversive elements,” are pathological and anachronistic, and even a plot against common sense, against “the freedoms and rights of employers as well as of the workers themselves.” Thus, the American economist N. Chamberlain urges not only the state organs but also “sensible” public opinion in the USA to oppose strikers and declare them the barbarians of society (N. Chamberlain, Social Responsibility and Strikes, New York, 1953, p. 178). The American economist A. Heron asserts that “strikes undermine the mutually beneficial collaboration between labor and capital” (A. Heron, No Sale, No Job, New York, 1954, p. 137). The American sociologist Ross declares: “The strike has outlived itself… . Only Communists are interested in instigating class conflicts” (The Natural History of the Strikes, Berkeley, 1955, p. 36). The American economists P. Davis and G. Matchett, along with many other scholars of the Western world, consider that “relations between workers and employers are based on collaboration in the process of production and on the mutual agreement of the two sides concerning the corresponding distribution of the total product. Therefore, the strike struggle is not necessary” (P. Davis and G. Matchett, Modern Labor Economics, New York, 1954, p. 17; R. Aron,La Lutte des classes, Paris, 1964, p. 355).

The developing strike struggle inexorably refutes all kinds of theories and conceptions aimed at discrediting workers’ strikes and proves that Marx’ conclusions about the class antagonism in capitalist society is not only still valid but is continually being confirmed: “Capital is a concentrated social force, while the worker disposes only of his labor power. Consequently, an agreement between capital and labor can never be concluded on a just basis” (K. Marx and F. Engels, Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 16, p. 200).

REFERENCES

Engels, F. “Polozhenie rabochego klassa v Anglii.” In K. Marx and F. Engels, Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 2.
Lenin, V. I. “O stachkakh.” Poln. sobr. soch., 5th ed., vol. 4.
Lenin, V. I. “O statistike stachek v Rossii.” Ibid., vol. 19.
Lenin, V. I. “Ekonomicheskaia i politicheskaia stachka.”/6/d., vol. 21.
Lenin, V. I. “Stachechnaia bor’ba i zarabotnaia plata.” Ibid., vol. 22.
Lenin, V. I. “Razvitie revoliutsionnoi stachki i ulichnykh demonstratsii.” Ibid.
Plekhanov, G. \\.Soch., vol. 3. Moscow-Leningrad, 1928.
Luxemburg, R. Vseobshchaia zabastovka i nemetskaia sotsialdemokratiia. Petrograd, 1919. (Translated from German.)
Kautsky, K. Der politische Massenstreik. Berlin, 1914.
Kommunisticheskii Internatsional v dokumentakh 1919–1932. Moscow, 1933.
Rezoliutsii VII Vsemirnogo kongressa Kommunisticheskogo Internalsionala. Moscow, 1935.
VII Kongress der Kommunistischen Internationale. Moscow, 1935.
K voprosu o stachechnoi strategii: Iz opyta klassovoi bor’by. (Materialy k III kongressu Profinterna). Moscow, 1924. (Collection of articles.)
Mezhdunarodnoe Soveshchanie kommunisticheskikh i rabochikh partii. Moscow, 1969; Prague, 1969.
Rabochee dvizhenie v Rossii v XIX v.: Sb. dokumentov i materialov,vols. 1–4. Moscow, 1950–63; 2nd ed., vol. 1. Moscow, 1955.
Klassovye bitvy sotriasaiut mir kapitala. Moscow, 1962.
Rabochii klass i antimonopolisticheskaia bor’ba. Moscow, 1969.
Lozovskii, A. Stachka kak boi, 2nd ed. Moscow-Leningrad, 1931.
Borko, lu. “Stachki—boevoe oruzhie proletariata.” Kommunist, 1965, no. 18.V. P. ANDROSOV

Strike

a direct combat action against an enemy, conducted with weapons and troops with the objective of destroying enemy forces and achieving a strategic, operational, or tactical goal. Strikes may be classified as ground or naval strikes, missile strikes, air strikes (with bombing or bombing and ground attack), artillery strikes, torpedo strikes, or, where nuclear weapons are used, nuclear or nuclear missile strikes.

All the forces participating in a mission coordinate their actions with regard to the time and order of delivery of a strike in order to capitalize on the results of a battle. Ground or naval forces performing a combat mission may deliver strikes on several axes. The axis that is judged decisive for destroying the enemy and reaching the area of the final objective of the battle or operation is the main strike axis. A decisive superiority in manpower and weapons sufficient to ensure the enemy’s defeat is created on the axis of the main strike, and an assault group of ground or naval forces is formed to deliver the main strike. The axes of the main strike and subsidiary strikes may change in the course of a battle or operation.

Depending on the nature of enemy actions and the time of delivery, strike actions may be classified as retaliatory strikes, surprise counterblows, or preventive attacks. Depending on the battle plan and method of conduct, strikes may be used to divide or scatter enemy forces; concentric strikes are delivered on converging axes. Demonstration attacks and various types of diversionary strikes may be carried out to accomplish specific operational or tactical objectives.

strike

[strīk] (geology) The direction taken by a structural surface, such as a fault plane, as it intersects the horizontal. Also known as line of strike. (metallurgy) A very thin, initially electroplated film or the plating solution with which to deposit such a film. A local crater in a metal surface due to accidental contact with the welding electrode. (ordnance) Concerted air attack on a single objective.

strike

1. In stone setting or bricklaying, to finish a mortar joint with a stroke of the trowel, simultaneously removing extruding mortar and smoothing the surface of the mortar remaining in the joint; strike off.2. A strike plate.

strike plate, strike, striking plate

A metal plate or box which is set in a doorjamb and is either pierced or recessed to receive the bolt or latch of a lock, fixed on a door. Also see box strike plate.

strike

i. An attack designed to inflict damage on, seize, destroy, or neutralize a surface objective.
ii. Impacting aircraft with foreign objects– specifically birds, as in bird strikes.
iii. Tactical close-air support and interdiction attacks.

strike

1. Baseball a pitched ball judged good but missed or not swung at, three of which cause a batter to be out 2. Tenpin bowlinga. the act or an instance of knocking down all the pins with the first bowl of a single frame b. the score thus made 3. the horizontal direction of a fault, rock stratum, etc., which is perpendicular to the direction of the dip 4. Angling the act or an instance of striking 5. the number of coins or medals made at one time 6. take strike Cricket (of a batsman) to prepare to play a ball delivered by the bowler

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

Strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike

strike,

Strikes in the United States

Strikes in Other Countries

Bibliography

Strike

REFERENCES

Strike

strike

strike

strike plate, strike, striking plate

strike

strike

Strike

Strike

Federal Labor Law

Status

A Lexicon of Labor Strikes

Unlawful Tactics

Union Members

Settlement

Further readings

Cross-references

strike

strike

Strike

strike

strike

STRIKE

strike

Synonyms for strike

noun walkout

Synonyms

noun attack

Synonyms

noun find

Synonyms

verb walk out

Synonyms

verb hit

Synonyms

verb drive

Synonyms

verb collide with

Synonyms

verb knock

Synonyms

verb affect

Synonyms

verb attack

Synonyms

verb occur to

Synonyms

verb seem to

Synonyms

verb move

Synonyms

verb agree on

Synonyms

verb achieve

Synonyms

verb assume

Synonyms

verb make

Synonyms