Rift Valley fever
Rift Valley fever
Noun | 1. | Rift Valley fever - an infection common in Africa caused by a bunyavirus; transmitted by mosquitoes or by handling infected animals |
单词 | rift valley fever | |||
释义 | Rift Valley feverRift Valley fever
Rift Valley feverRift Valley feverAn arthropod-borne (primarily mosquito), acute, febrile, viral disease of humans and numerous species of animals. Rift Valley fever is caused by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus in the genus Phlebovirus of the family Bunyaviridae. In sheep and cattle, it is also known as infectious enzootic hepatitis. First described in the Rift Valley of Africa, the disease presently occurs in west, east, and south Africa and has extended as far north as Egypt. Historically, outbreaks of Rift Valley fever have occurred at 10–15-year intervals in normally dry areas of Africa subsequent to a period of heavy rainfall. In humans, clinical signs of Rift Valley fever are influenzalike, and include fever, headache, muscular pain, weakness, nausea, epigastric pain, and photophobia. Most people recover within 4–7 days, but some individuals may have impaired vision or blindness in one or both eyes; a small percentage of infected individuals develop a hemorrhagic syndrome and die. Rift Valley fever should be suspected when high abortion rates, high mortality, or extensive liver lesions occur in newborn animals. The diagnosis is confirmed by isolating the virus from tissues of the infected animal or human. Control of the disease is best accomplished by widespread vaccination of susceptible animals to prevent amplification of the virus and, thus, infection of vectors. Any individual that works with infected animals or live virus in a laboratory should be vaccinated. See Animal virus, Vaccination Rift Valley fever[′rift ¦val·ē ′fē·vər]Rift Valley feverRift Valley feverRift Val·ley fe·verRift Valley feverRift valley feverInfectious disease A dengue-like viral disease spread by mosquitoes in floods, causing fatal enzootic hepatitis in ruminants–sheep, cattle and occasional human epidemics, by direct contact Clinical Abrupt onset with a biphasic fever curve, headaches, prostration, myalgias, anorexia, N&V, conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy; death may result from hemorrhagic fever or encephalitis Mortality 5-20%. See Dengue.Rift Valley feverA disease occurring mainly in South Africa and caused by an arbovirus normally infecting sheep and goats. It is transmitted by mosquito bite and causes a DENGUE-like illness sometimes complicated by JAUNDICE, haemorrhages, RETINOPATHY and MENINGOENCEPHALITIS. There is no specific treatment.Rift Valley fever
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