William Murdock
Murdock, William
Born Aug. 21, 1754, in Auchinleck, Ayr, Scotland; died Nov. 15, 1839, In soho, near Birmingham. British mechanical engineer.
Beginning in 1777, Murdock collaborated with J. Watt and helped improve the steam engine. He invented a steam engine with an oscillating cylinder (1784), a stone-drilling machine (1798), and a slide valve (1799). In 1792 he achieved dry distillation of coal, and in 1803 he used the gas obtained by distillation to provide lighting for a factory in Soho.