| 释义 |
withdrawal
with·draw·al W0191900 (wĭth-drô′əl, wĭth-)n.1. The act or process of withdrawing, as:a. A retreat or retirement: the dinner guests' withdrawal to the den.b. The removal of people from a place, as in the removal of troops from a military position.c. Detachment, as from social or emotional involvement.d. A removal of something that has been deposited, as in an account.2. a. Discontinuance of the use of a drug or other substance, especially one that is addictive.b. The physiological and mental reaction to such discontinuance, often characterized by distressing symptoms: is going through withdrawal from opioids.3. Informal A condition likened to that which is experienced when discontinuing use of an addictive substance: has been going through withdrawal since his favorite show ended.4. The act or an instance of retracting or revoking: feared the withdrawal of his parents' permission.5. Coitus interruptus.withdrawal (wɪðˈdrɔːəl) n1. an act or process of withdrawing; retreat, removal, or detachment2. (Medicine) the period a drug addict goes through following abrupt termination in the use of narcotics, usually characterized by physical and mental symptoms (withdrawal symptoms)with•draw•al (wɪðˈdrɔ əl, -ˈdrɔl, wɪθ-)
n. 1. the act of withdrawing. 2. the state of being withdrawn. 3. retirement or removal, as to a more peaceful or protected situation. 4. something withdrawn, esp. a sum of money from a fund, account, or the like. 5. the act or process of ceasing to use an addictive drug. 6. coitus interruptus. [1740–50] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | withdrawal - a retraction of a previously held positionbackdown, climb-downabjuration, recantation, retraction - a disavowal or taking back of a previous assertion | | 2. | withdrawal - the act of taking out money or other capitalremotion, removal - the act of removing; "he had surgery for the removal of a malignancy"bank withdrawal - the withdrawal of money from your account at a bankdisinvestment - the withdrawal of capital from a country or corporation | | 3. | withdrawal - the act of withdrawing; "the withdrawal of French troops from Vietnam"departure, going, going away, leaving - the act of departingself-effacement, effacement - withdrawing into the background; making yourself inconspicuousretreat - the act of withdrawing or going backward (especially to escape something hazardous or unpleasant)retirement, retreat - withdrawal for prayer and study and meditation; "the religious retreat is a form of vacation activity"evacuation - the act of evacuating; leaving a place in an orderly fashion; especially for protectiondecampment - breaking campdefection, desertion, abandonment - withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility; "his abandonment of his wife and children left them penniless"pullback - (military) the act of pulling back (especially an orderly withdrawal of troops); "the pullback is expected to be over 25,000 troops"retreat - (military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat; "the disorderly retreat of French troops"receding, recession - the act of becoming more distant | | 4. | withdrawal - avoiding emotional involvementdetachmentindifference - unbiased impartial unconcern | | 5. | withdrawal - the act of withdrawing blood, tumors, etc.; "the nurse was expert at the withdrawal of blood"remotion, removal - the act of removing; "he had surgery for the removal of a malignancy" | | 6. | withdrawal - the act of ceasing to participate in an activityseparation - the act of dividing or disconnecting | | 7. | withdrawal - a method of birth control in which coitus is initiated but the penis is deliberately withdrawn before ejaculationcoitus interruptus, pulling out, withdrawal method, onanismbirth control, birth prevention, family planning - limiting the number of children born | | 8. | withdrawal - formal separation from an alliance or federationsecessionseparation - the act of dividing or disconnectingbreakaway, breaking away - the act of breaking away or withdrawing from; "there was a breakaway by the discontented members"; "a breaking away from family and neighborhood" | | 9. | withdrawal - the termination of drug takingdrug withdrawalending, termination, conclusion - the act of ending something; "the termination of the agreement"cold turkey - complete and abrupt withdrawal of all addictive drugs or anything else on which you have become dependent; "he quit smoking cold turkey"; "she quit her job cold turkey" |
withdrawalnoun1. removal, ending, stopping, taking away, abolition, elimination, cancellation, termination, extraction, discontinuation the withdrawal of foreign aid2. exit, retirement, departure, pull-out, retreat, exodus, evacuation, disengagement the withdrawal of troops from Eastern Europe3. departure, retirement, exit, secession his withdrawal from government in 19464. retraction, recall, disclaimer, repudiation, revocation, disavowal, recantation, rescission, abjuration The charity insists on a withdrawal of the accusations.withdrawalnoun1. The act of leaving:departure, egress, exit, exodus, going.2. The moving back of a military force in the face of enemy attack or after a defeat:fallback, pullback, pullout, retirement, retreat.3. A formal statement of disavowal:abjuration, palinode, recantation, retractation, retraction.Translationswithdraw (wiðˈdroː) – past tense withˈdrew (-ˈdruː) : past participle withˈdrawn – verb1. to (cause to) move back or away. The army withdrew from its position; He withdrew his troops; They withdrew from the competition. 使撤退 撤退2. to take back (something one has said). She withdrew her remarks, and apologized; He later withdrew the charges he'd made against her. 收回 收回3. to remove (money from a bank account etc). I withdrew all my savings and went abroad. 提領 提取withˈdrawal noun 收回 收回withˈdrawn adjective (of a person) not responsive or friendly. 沉默寡言的，內向的 沉默寡言的，内向的 withdrawal
withdrawal the period a drug addict goes through following abrupt termination in the use of narcotics, usually characterized by physical and mental symptoms (withdrawal symptoms) Withdrawal troop actions undertaken in order to lead units away from enemy strikes and to occupy favorable lines for defense, to conduct a counterattack, to shorten the front, or to gain time. A withdrawal may be accompanied by a disengagement or be carried out deliberately without contact with the enemy. A withdrawal accompanied by a disengagement is carried out under the cover of specially assigned subunits, which, by actively engaging the enemy, ensure the secrecy and successful execution of the withdrawal. A withdrawal of the main forces is covered by rear guards and rear and flank march security detachments, as well as by laying ambushes, setting up obstacles, and carrying out demolition work. A withdrawal may be executed only by order of a senior commander. withdrawal
withdrawal [with-draw´al] 1. a pathological retreat from interpersonal contact and social involvement, as may occur in avoidant, schizoid, or schizotypal personality disorders.2. the removal of something.3. a substance-specific substance-induced disorder that follows the cessation of use or reduction in intake of a substance" >psychoactive substance that had been regularly used to induce a state of intoxication. Specific withdrawal syndromes include those for alcohol, amphetamines or similarly acting sympathomimetics, cocaine, nicotine, opioids, and sedatives, hypnotics, or antianxiety agents. Called also abstinence syndrome, withdrawal symptoms, and withdrawal syndrome.
The usual reactions to alcohol withdrawal are anxiety, weakness, gastrointestinal symptoms, nausea and vomiting, tremor, fever, rapid heartbeat, convulsions, and delirium (see also delirium tremens). Similar effects are produced by withdrawal of barbiturates and in this case convulsions occur frequently, often followed by psychosis with hallucinations. Treatment of withdrawal consists of providing a substitute drug such as a mild sedative, along with treatment of the symptoms as needed. Parenteral fluids are often required.substance withdrawal withdrawal (def. 3).withdrawal syndrome former name for withdrawal (def. 3).thought withdrawal the delusion that someone or something is removing thoughts from one's mind.with·draw·al (with-draw'ăl), 1. The act of removal or retreat.
See also: withdrawal symptoms, withdrawal syndrome. 2. A psychological and/or physical syndrome caused by the abrupt cessation of the use of a drug in an habituated person.
See also: withdrawal symptoms, withdrawal syndrome. 3. The therapeutic process of discontinuing a drug to avoid the symptoms of withdrawal (2).
See also: withdrawal symptoms, withdrawal syndrome. 4. A pattern of behavior observed in schizophrenia and depression, characterized by a pathologic retreat from interpersonal contact and social involvement and leading to self-preoccupation.
See also: withdrawal symptoms, withdrawal syndrome. withdrawal (wĭth-drô′əl, wĭth-)n.1. a. Discontinuance of the use of a drug or other substance, especially one that is addictive.b. The physiological and mental reaction to such discontinuance, often characterized by distressing symptoms: is going through withdrawal from opioids.2. Coitus interruptus.withdrawal The participant-/subject-/patient-initiated act of ending participation in a clinical study, which can range from complete withdrawal from study procedures and follow-up to withdrawal from study-related interventions, while permitting continued access to his or her medical records or identifiable information.
Per FDA regulations, when a subject withdraws from a study, the data collected on the subject to the point of withdrawal remain part of the study database and may not be removed.withdrawal Psychology A retreat from interpersonal contact, which may be a normal reaction–eg, to uncomfortable social situations or unemployment, or a sign of mental disorders–eg, schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder Substance abuse A specific constellation of signs and Sx due to the abrupt cessation of, or reduction in, regularly administered opioids; opioid withdrawal is characterized by 3 or more of the following Sx that develop within hrs to several days after abrupt cessation of the substance: 1. Dysphoric mood,.2. N&V,.3. muscle aches & abdominal cramps,.4. lacrimation or rhinorrhea,.5. pupillary dilation, piloerection or sweating,.6. diarrhea,.7. yawning,.8. fever,.9. insomnia. See Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, Physical dependence.with·draw·al (with-draw'ăl) 1. The act of removal or retreat. 2. A psychological and physical syndrome caused by the abrupt cessation of the use of a drug in a habituated person. 3. The therapeutic process of discontinuing a drug so as to avoid withdrawal (2). 4. A pattern of behavior observed in schizophrenia and depression, characterized by a pathologic retreat from interpersonal contact and social involvement and leading to self-preoccupation. 5. Synonym(s): coitus interruptus. WithdrawalThose side effects experienced by a person who has become physically dependent on a substance, upon decreasing the substance's dosage or discontinuing its use.Mentioned in: Addiction, Substance Abuse and Dependencewith·draw·al (with-draw'ăl) 1. Act of removal or retreat. 2. Psychological and/or physical syndrome caused by abrupt cessation of use of a drug in an habituated person. 3. Therapeutic process of discontinuing a drug to avoid the symptoms of withdrawal. Patient discussion about withdrawalQ. ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL what are the symtoms of it?A. thank you dagmar--i hope this answer will help people to understand what this drug can do to you---peace---mrfoot56 Q. I may be healthier now, but miserable… I’ve not been smoking for a whole month (my longest period in the last decade), and I do feel a bit better physically, but it seems that I lost the joy of life – I don’t go out with my friends any more (because they’re all smokers), I envy other smokers, and generally I feel nervous and dull. Will it be like that forever or is there hope?A. Well, try to think about what are you missing? The foul smell? The yellow teeth? The feeling of suffocating next morning? Whenever you feel longing to cigarettes, try to think again why you stopped smoking- and it’d help you to keep with it. More discussions about withdrawalWithdrawal
Related to Withdrawal: withdrawal method, Withdrawal syndrome, alcohol withdrawalAppearanceA coming into court by a party to a suit, either in person or through an attorney, whether as plaintiff or defendant. The formal proceeding by which a defendant submits to the jurisdiction of the court. The voluntary submission to a court's jurisdiction. In a criminal prosecution, an appearance is the initial court proceeding in which a defendant is first brought before a judge. The conduct of an appearance is governed by state and federal rules of Criminal Procedure. The rules vary from state to state, but they are generally consistent. During an appearance, the judge advises the defendant of the charges and of the defendant's rights, considers bail or other conditions of release, and schedules a Preliminary Hearing. If the crime charged is a misdemeanor, the defendant may sometimes, depending on the local rules of court, enter a plea of guilty or not guilty at the initial appearance; if the crime is a felony, the defendant usually enters the plea at a later court proceeding. A criminal defendant may have an attorney present and may confer with the attorney during the appearance. In some situations, a defendant may not need to appear in court in person and may even make an appearance by mail. For example, when individuals receive traffic tickets they may choose to send in a check for the amount of the fine. Many state statutes permit appearances to be made by two-way, closed-circuit television. For instance, North Carolina's rule on video appearances reads: A first appearance in a noncapital case may be conducted by an audio and video transmission between the judge and defendant in which the parties can see and hear each other. If the defendant has counsel, the defendant shall be allowed to communicate fully and confidentially with his attorney during the proceeding (N.C. Gen. Stat. § 15A-601(a1)[1994]). An appearance is also a coming into court as a party to a civil lawsuit. Although an appearance can be made by either the plaintiff (the one who has sued) or the defendant (the one being sued), the term most often refers to the action of the defendant. The subject of appearance is closely related to the subject of Personal Jurisdiction, which is the court's authority over an individual party. An appearance is some Overt Act by which the defendant comes before the court to either submit to or challenge the court's jurisdiction. Any party can appear either in person or through an attorney or a duly authorized representative; the party need not be physically present. In most instances, an attorney makes the appearance. An appearance can also be made by filing a notice of appearance with the clerk of the court and the plaintiff, which states that the defendant will either submit to the authority of the court or challenge its jurisdiction. In a lawsuit involving multiple defendants, an appearance by one is not an appearance for the others. Valid Service of Process is not required before an appearance can be made. Historically, appearances have been classified with a variety of names indicating their manner or significance. A compulsory appearance is compelled by process served on the party. A conditional appearance is coupled with conditions as to its becoming or being taken as a general appearance (defined later in this article). A corporal appearance indicates that the person is physically present in court. A de bene esse (Latin, "of well being," sufficient for the present) appearance is provisional and will remain good only upon a future contingency. A gratis (Latin, "free" or "freely") appearance is made by a party to the action before the service of any process or legal notice to appear. An optional appearance is entered by a person who is intervening in the action to protect his or her own interests, though not joined as a party. A subsequent appearance is made by a defendant after an appearance has already been entered for him or her by the plaintiff. Finally, a voluntary appearance is entered by a party's own will or consent, without service of process, although process might be outstanding. The two most common categories of appearances are general and special. General Appearance Any action by which the defendant recognizes the jurisdiction of the court constitutes a general appearance. This is an unqualified submission to the court's personal jurisdiction over the defendant and is treated as the equivalent of a valid service of process. By making a general appearance, the defendant agrees that the court has the power to bind her or him by its actions and waives the right to raise any jurisdictional defects (e.g., by claiming that the service of process was improper). The defendant also waives the objection that the case is brought in the wrong venue. The defendant does not, however, waive any substantive rights or defenses, such as the claim that the court lacks jurisdiction over the subject matter of the case or authority to hear the particular type of case (e.g., a Bankruptcy court will not hear personal injury cases). Special Appearance A special appearance is one made for a limited purpose. It can be made, for example, to challenge the sufficiency of the service of process. But most often, a special appearance is made to challenge the court's personal jurisdiction over the defendant. It prevents a default judgment from being rendered against the defendant for failing to file a Pleading. (A default judgment is an automatic loss for failing to answer the complaint properly.) When a defendant makes a special appearance, no other issues may be raised without that appearance's becoming a general appearance. If a party takes any action dealing with the merits of the case, the party is deemed to have made a general appearance and submitted to the jurisdiction of the court. If a challenge is successful and the court agrees that it does not have personal jurisdiction over the defendant, it will dismiss the action. If the court finds against the defendant on that issue, that decision can later be appealed. The right to make a special appearance is almost universally recognized, except where abolished by statute. As a rule, leave of court (permission) must be obtained before a special appearance can be made, but this is not always the case. Federal Rules Federal courts and states that have adopted the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure have eliminated the distinction between a general and a special appearance. Instead of challenging the court's personal jurisdiction in a special appearance, a defendant can do so by use of a pretrial motion to dismiss the Cause of Action, or in an answer to the complaint. A removal proceeding, in which a defendant asks to have the case moved from state court to federal court, is regarded as a special appearance. Limited Appearance In a number of states, a defendant in a lawsuit based on Quasi in Rem Jurisdiction may make a limited appearance. Quasi in rem is a Latin phrase for a type of jurisdiction in which the court has power over the defendant's property because it lies within the geographic boundaries of the court's jurisdiction. The presence of the property gives the court jurisdiction over the person of the defendant. To invoke quasi in rem jurisdiction, the court must find some connection between the property and the subject matter of the lawsuit. A limited appearance enables a defendant to defend the action on the merits, but should the defendant lose, he or she will be held liable only up to the value of the identified property and not for all possible damages. A defendant who makes a limited appearance and wins the case can be sued again by the same plaintiff in a different court. In states that have no provision for a limited appearance, a defendant can avoid being subject to the personal jurisdiction of the court by refusing to appear, thereby causing a default and a consequent Forfeiture of the property. Or the defendant can submit to the court's personal jurisdiction, defend the case on its merits, and face the possibility of full liability. The defendant must decide which course of action is best, after comparing the value of the seized property with the damages being sought by the plaintiff and considering the likelihood of winning the case at trial. The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure do not provide for limited appearances in federal court but instead defer to state law on that issue. A slightly greater number of courts permit limited appearances than do not. The law of the jurisdiction in which the action is brought must be consulted to determine whether limited appearances are permitted. Withdrawal If an appearance has been entered through Fraud or mistake or after the plaintiff's complaint has been materially amended, the discretion of the court may permit the appearance to be withdrawn. A proper withdrawal is treated as if no appearance at all had been entered in the case. A defendant who has withdrawn a general appearance may ask the court for leave to file a special appearance to challenge the court's jurisdiction. If someone makes an unauthorized appearance on behalf of the defendant, it may be stricken or set aside by a motion of any party with an interest in the proceeding. Delay or Failure to Appear A defendant who fails to appear in court pursuant to a service of process might have a default judgment entered against her or him and be held in Contempt of court. A failure to appear does not, however, result in a waiver of objections to the court's jurisdiction. If a defendant fails to make an appearance in the time allotted by statute or court rules, he or she may lose certain rights. But if the circumstances warrant it, a court may extend the time of appearance. Further readings Weinreb, Lloyd L. 2001. 2001 Supplement to Criminal Process: Cases, Comments, Questions. Eagan, Minn.: Foundation. Yeazell, Stephen C. 1998. Federal Rules of Civil Procedures: With Selected Statutes and Cases. Gaithersburg, Md.: Aspen. Cross-references Civil Procedure. withdrawaln. 1) in criminal law, leaving a conspiracy to commit a crime before the actual crime is committed, which is similar to "renunciation." If the withdrawal is before any overt criminal act the withdrawer may escape prosecution. 2) the removal of money from a bank account. (See: renunciation, check) Withdrawal
WithdrawalA transaction in which a customer receives back money he/she had previously deposited at a bank, pension, or trust. When one makes a withdrawal on a pension or similar plan, it may carry a penalty depending on the pension's rules. For example, one must usually be of a certain age in order to make a withdrawal. There is rarely such a penalty when making a withdrawal from a bank. For instance, when one closes an account, the client makes a withdrawal on all the money he/she owns at that bank.Withdrawal.A withdrawal is money you take out of your banking, brokerage firm, or other accounts. If you withdraw from tax-deferred retirement accounts before you turn 59 1/2, you may owe a 10% early withdrawal penalty plus any income tax that's due on the amount you've taken out. In everyday usage, the term withdrawal is used interchangeably with distribution to describe money you take from your tax-deferred accounts, though distribution is actually the correct term. AcronymsSeeWwithdrawal
Related to withdrawal: withdrawal method, Withdrawal syndrome, alcohol withdrawalSynonyms for withdrawalnoun removalSynonyms- removal
- ending
- stopping
- taking away
- abolition
- elimination
- cancellation
- termination
- extraction
- discontinuation
noun exitSynonyms- exit
- retirement
- departure
- pull-out
- retreat
- exodus
- evacuation
- disengagement
noun departureSynonyms- departure
- retirement
- exit
- secession
noun retractionSynonyms- retraction
- recall
- disclaimer
- repudiation
- revocation
- disavowal
- recantation
- rescission
- abjuration
Synonyms for withdrawalnoun the act of leavingSynonyms- departure
- egress
- exit
- exodus
- going
noun the moving back of a military force in the face of enemy attack or after a defeatSynonyms- fallback
- pullback
- pullout
- retirement
- retreat
noun a formal statement of disavowalSynonyms- abjuration
- palinode
- recantation
- retractation
- retraction
Synonyms for withdrawalnoun a retraction of a previously held positionSynonymsRelated Words- abjuration
- recantation
- retraction
noun the act of taking out money or other capitalRelated Words- remotion
- removal
- bank withdrawal
- disinvestment
noun the act of withdrawingRelated Words- departure
- going
- going away
- leaving
- self-effacement
- effacement
- retreat
- retirement
- evacuation
- decampment
- defection
- desertion
- abandonment
- pullback
- receding
- recession
noun avoiding emotional involvementSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun the act of withdrawing blood, tumors, etc.Related Wordsnoun the act of ceasing to participate in an activityRelated Wordsnoun a method of birth control in which coitus is initiated but the penis is deliberately withdrawn before ejaculationSynonyms- coitus interruptus
- pulling out
- withdrawal method
- onanism
Related Words- birth control
- birth prevention
- family planning
noun formal separation from an alliance or federationSynonymsRelated Words- separation
- breakaway
- breaking away
noun the termination of drug takingSynonymsRelated Words- ending
- termination
- conclusion
- cold turkey
|