Wojnarowska, Cezaryna Wanda

Born 1861, in Kamenets-Podol’skii; died Apr. 15, 1911, in Paris. Active in the Polish Workers’ movement. She was of noble descent.

Wojnarowska graduated from a secondary school in Kishinev, and in 1877-78 she attended medical courses for women in St. Petersburg. From 1877 to 1883 she was a member of Polish socialist circles in St. Petersburg, Warsaw, and Krakow. She was arrested in 1879, 1881, and 1883. Wojnarowska was an emigre from the end of 1883 and studied at the Sorbonne under Professor F. V. A. Aulard, the historian of the French Revolution. She was active in the parties Proletariat I and II and in the group Emancipation of Labor. From 1884 to 1889, Wojnarowska was a coeditor of the Polish socialist magazines in Geneva, Przedswit and Walka Klas, and a contributor to the magazine Przeglqd Tygodniowy. In 1893 she became a member of the Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland (after 1900, Social Democratic Party of the Kindgom of Poland and Lithuania, SDKPiL) and organized aid to political prisoners. From 1900 to 1904 she represented the SDKPiL at the International Socialist Bureau of the Second International. In the last years of her life Wojnarowska was active in the French socialist movement.