work

W0220700 (wûrk)n.1. a. Physical or mental effort or activity directed toward the production or accomplishment of something: Cleaning the basement was a lot of work.b. Such effort or activity by which one makes a living; employment: looking for work.c. A trade, profession, or other means of livelihood: His work is fixing cars.2. a. The part of a day devoted to an occupation or undertaking: met her after work.b. One's place of employment: Should I call you at home or at work?3. a. Something that one is doing, making, or performing, especially as an occupation or undertaking; a duty or task: begin the day's work.b. An amount of such activity either done or required: a week's work.c. The action or effect of an agency: The antibiotic seems to be doing its work.4. a. Something that has been produced or accomplished through the effort, activity, or agency of a person or thing: This scheme was the work of a criminal mastermind. Erosion is the work of wind, water, and time.b. An act; a deed: "I have seen all the works that are done under the sun; and, behold, all is vanity" (Ecclesiastes 1:14).c. An artistic creation, such as a painting, sculpture, or literary or musical composition, or a creative result of other human activity: an early work of Matisse; a scholarly work of great importance.d. works The output of a writer, artist, or composer considered or collected as a whole: the works of Bach.5. a. works Engineering structures, such as bridges or dams.b. A fortified structure, such as a trench or fortress.6. a. Needlework, weaving, lacemaking, or a similar textile art.b. A piece of such textile art.7. A material or piece of material being processed in a machine during manufacture: work to be turned in the lathe.8. works(used with a sing. or pl. verb) A factory, plant, or similar building or complex of buildings where a specific type of business or industry is carried on. Often used in combination: a steelworks.9. works Internal mechanism: the works of a watch.10. The manner, style, or quality of working or treatment; workmanship.11. Abbr. w Physics The transfer of energy from one physical system to another, especially the application of a force to move a body in a certain direction. It is calculated as the product of the force and the distance over which it is applied and is expressed in joules, ergs, and foot-pounds.12. works Moral or righteous acts or deeds: salvation by faith rather than works.13. worksa. Informal The full range of possibilities; everything. Used with the: ordered a pizza with the works.b. Slang A thorough beating or other severe treatment. Used with the: took him outside and gave him the works.adj. Of, relating to, designed for, or engaged in work.v. worked also wrought (rôt), work·ing, works v.intr.1. To exert oneself physically or mentally in order to do, make, or accomplish something.2. To be employed; have a job.3. a. To function; operate: How does this latch work?b. To function or operate in the desired or required way: The telephone hasn't worked since the thunderstorm.4. a. To have a given effect or outcome: Our friendship works best when we speak our minds.b. To have the desired effect or outcome; prove successful: This recipe seems to work.5. To exert an influence. Used with on or upon: worked on her to join the group.6. To arrive at a specified condition through gradual or repeated movement: The stitches worked loose.7. To proceed or progress slowly and laboriously: worked through the underbrush; worked through my problems in therapy.8. To move in an agitated manner, as with emotion: Her mouth worked with fear.9. To behave in a specified way when handled or processed: Not all metals work easily.10. To ferment.11. Nautical a. To strain in heavy seas so that the joints give slightly and the fastenings become slack. Used of a boat or ship.b. To sail against the wind.12. To undergo small motions that result in friction and wear: The gears work against each other.v.tr.1. To cause or effect; bring about: working miracles.2. To cause to operate or function; actuate, use, or manage: worked the controls; can work a lathe.3. To shape or forge: "Each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor" (Edgar Allan Poe).4. To make or decorate by needlework: work a sampler.5. To solve (a problem) by calculation and reasoning.6. To knead, stir, or otherwise manipulate in preparation: Work the dough before shaping it.7. To bring to a specified condition by gradual or repeated effort or work: finally worked the window open; worked the slaves to death.8. To make, achieve, or pay for by work or effort: worked her way to the top; worked his passage on the ship.9. Informal To arrange or contrive. Often used with it: worked it so that her weekends are free.10. To make productive; cultivate: work a farm.11. To cause to work: works his laborers hard.12. To excite or provoke: worked the mob into a frenzy.13. Informal a. To gratify, cajole, or enchant artfully, especially for the purpose of influencing: The politician worked the crowd. The comedian worked the room with flawless rhythm.b. To use or manipulate to one's own advantage; exploit: learned how to work the system; worked his relatives for sympathy.14. To carry on an operation or function in or through: the agent who works that area; working the phones for donations.15. To ferment (liquor, for example).Phrasal Verbs: work in1. To insert or introduce: worked in a request for money.2. To make an opening for, as in a schedule: said the doctor would try to work her in.3. To cause to be inserted by repeated or continuous effort. work into1. To insert or introduce into: worked some childhood memories into his novel.2. To make an opening for (someone or something) in: worked a few field trips into the semester's calendar.3. To place or insert in by repeated or continuous effort: worked the pick into the lock. work off To get rid of by work or effort: work off extra pounds; work off a debt. work out1. To accomplish by work or effort: worked out a compromise.2. To find a solution for; solve: worked out the equations; worked out their personal differences.3. To formulate or develop: work out a plan.4. To discharge (an obligation or debt) with labor in place of money.5. To prove successful, effective, or satisfactory: The new strategy may not work out.6. To have a specified result: The ratio works out to an odd number. It worked out that everyone left on the same train.7. To engage in strenuous exercise for physical conditioning.8. To exhaust (a mine, for example). work over1. To do for a second time; rework.2. Slang To inflict severe physical damage on; beat up. work up1. To arouse the emotions of; excite.2. a. To increase one's skill, responsibility, efficiency, or status through work: worked up to 30 sit-ups a day; worked up to store manager.b. To intensify gradually: The film works up to a thrilling climax.3. To develop or produce by mental or physical effort: worked up a patient profile; worked up an appetite.Idioms: at work1. Engaged in labor; working: at work on a new project.2. In operation: inflationary forces at work in the economy. in the works In preparation; under development: has a novel in the works. out of work Without a job; unemployed. put in work To perform labor or duties, as on a specified project: put in work on the plastering. work both sides of the street To engage in double-dealing; be duplicitous. work like a charm To function very well or have a very good effect or outcome. work (one's) fingers to the bone To labor extremely hard; toil or travail.

[Middle English, from Old English weorc; see werg- in Indo-European roots.]Synonyms: work, labor, toil¹, drudgery, travail
These nouns refer to physical or mental effort expended to produce or accomplish something. Work is the most widely applicable: hard work in the fields; did some work around the house on weekends; a first draft that still needs work.
Labor usually implies human work, especially of a hard physical or intellectual nature: a construction job that involves heavy labor."All scholarly work builds on the cumulative labors of others" (Jerome Karabel).
Toil applies principally to strenuous, fatiguing labor: "a spirited woman of intellect condemned to farmhouse toil" (Cynthia Ozick).
Drudgery suggests dull, wearisome, or monotonous work: "the drudgery of penning definitions and marking quotations for transcription" (Thomas Macaulay).
Travail connotes arduous work involving pain or suffering: "prisoners of the splendor and travail of the earth" (Henry Beston).

work

(wɜːk) n1. physical or mental effort directed towards doing or making something2. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) paid employment at a job or a trade, occupation, or profession3. a duty, task, or undertaking4. (Art Terms) something done, made, etc, as a result of effort or exertion: a work of art. 5. materials or tasks on which to expend effort or exertion6. another word for workmanship³7. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) the place, office, etc, where a person is employed8. (Mechanical Engineering) any piece of material that is undergoing a manufacturing operation or process; workpiece9. (Art Terms) a. decoration or ornamentation, esp of a specified kindb. (in combination): wirework; woolwork. 10. (General Engineering) an engineering structure such as a bridge, building, etc11. (General Physics) physics the transfer of energy expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force. Abbreviation: W or w 12. (Fortifications) a structure, wall, etc, built or used as part of a fortification system13. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) at one's job or place of employment14. in action; operating15. make short work of informal to handle or dispose of very quickly16. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) (modifier) of, relating to, or used for work: work clothes; a work permit. vb17. (intr) to exert effort in order to do, make, or perform something18. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) (intr) to be employed19. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) (tr) to carry on operations, activity, etc, in (a place or area): that salesman works the southern region. 20. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) (tr) to cause to labour or toil: he works his men hard. 21. to operate or cause to operate, esp properly or effectively: to work a lathe; that clock doesn't work. 22. (Agriculture) (tr) to till or cultivate (land)23. to handle or manipulate or be handled or manipulated: to work dough. 24. to shape, form, or process or be shaped, formed, or processed: to work copper. 25. to reach or cause to reach a specific condition, esp gradually: the rope worked loose. 26. (Mathematics) (tr) chiefly US and Canadian to solve (a mathematical problem)27. (intr) to move in agitation: his face worked with anger. 28. (often foll by: up) to provoke or arouse: to work someone into a frenzy. 29. (tr) to effect or accomplish: to work one's revenge. 30. to make (one's way) with effort: he worked his way through the crowd. 31. (Knitting & Sewing) (tr) to make or decorate by hand in embroidery, tapestry, etc: she was working a sampler. 32. (Mechanical Engineering) (intr) (of a mechanism) to move in a loose or otherwise imperfect fashion33. (Brewing) (intr) (of liquids) to ferment, as in brewing34. (tr) informal to manipulate or exploit to one's own advantage35. (tr) slang to cheat or swindle[Old English weorc (n), wircan, wyrcan (vb); related to Old High German wurchen, German wirken, Old Norse yrkja, Gothic waurkjan] ˈworkless adj ˈworklessness n

work

(wɜrk)

n., adj., v. worked (Archaic except in some senses, esp. 35,37,40 ) wrought; working. n. 1. exertion or effort directed to produce or accomplish something; labor; toil. 2. something on which exertion or labor is expended; a task or undertaking. 3. productive or operative activity, esp. employment to earn one's living: to look for work. 4. one's place of employment: Don't phone me at work. 5. materials, things, etc., on which one is working or is to work. 6. the result of exertion, labor, or activity; a deed, performance, or product. 7. an engineering structure, as a building or bridge. 8. a building, wall, trench, or the like, constructed or made as a means of fortification. 9. works, a. (used with a sing. or pl. v.) a place or establishment for manufacturing (often used in combination): ironworks. b. the working parts of a machine: the works of a watch. c. Theol. righteous deeds. 10. Physics. the transfer of energy, as measured by the scalar product of a force and the distance through which it acts. 11. the works, a. everything; all related items or matters: a hamburger with the works. b. harsh or cruel treatment. adj. 12. of, for, or concerning work: work clothes. v.i. 13. to do work; labor. 14. to be employed, esp. as a means of earning one's livelihood. 15. to be in operation; be functional, as a machine or system: The elevators are working again. 16. to act or operate effectively: This plan works. 17. to attain a specified condition, as by repeated movement: The nails worked loose. 18. to have an effect or influence, as on a person or on a person's mind or feelings. 19. to move in agitation, as the features under strong emotion. 20. to make way with effort or under stress: The ship works to windward. 21. to ferment, as a liquid. 22. Naut. to give slightly at the joints, as a vessel under strain at sea. v.t. 23. to use, manage, or operate (an apparatus, contrivance, etc.). 24. to bring about (any result) by or as if by work or effort: to work a change. 25. to manipulate or treat by labor: to work butter. 26. to put into effective operation. 27. to make (a mine, farm, etc.) productive. 28. to carry on operations or activity in (a district or region): That salesman works the Northeast. 29. to make, fashion, or execute by work. 30. to achieve or win by work or effort. 31. to keep at work: to work one's employees hard. 32. to solve (a puzzle or arithmetic problem). 33. to cause a strong emotion in: to work a crowd into a frenzy. 34. to influence or persuade, esp. insidiously: to work other people to one's will. 35. to use to one's advantage: He worked his charm in landing a new job. 36. to make or decorate by needlework or embroidery. 37. to cause fermentation in. 38. work in or into, a. to blend in. b. to include after some effort: Try to work me into your schedule. 39. work off, a. to lose or dispose of, as by exercise or labor: to work off a heavy meal with a long walk. b. to pay or fulfill by working: to work off a debt. 40. work on or upon, to exercise influence on; persuade. 41. work out, a. to bring about by work, effort, or action. b. to solve, as a problem. c. to arrive at by or as if by calculation. d. to pay or fulfill by working; work off. e. to exhaust, as a mine. f. to issue in a result. g. to evolve; elaborate. h. (of a total, specified figure, etc.) to amount; add up: The total works out to 176. i. to prove effective or successful: Their marriage just didn't work out. j. to practice, exercise, or train, esp. in an athletic sport: boxers working out at a gym. 42. work over, a. to study or examine thoroughly. b. to beat unsparingly. 43. work through, to deal with successfully; come to terms with. 44. work up, a. to move or stir the feelings of; excite. b. to prepare; elaborate: Work up a proposal. c. to cause to develop by exertion: to work up an appetite. Idioms: 1. at work, a. working, as at one's job. b. in action or operation: machines at work. 2. in the works, in preparation or being planned. 3. out of work, unemployed; jobless. [before 900; (n.) Middle English worke, Old English worc, replacing Middle English werk(e), Old English weorc, c. Old Frisian, Old Saxon werk, Old High German werah, werc, Old Norse verk, Greek érgon] syn: work, drudgery, labor, toil refer to exertion of body or mind in performing or accomplishing something. work is a general word that refers to exertion that is either easy or hard: pleasurable work; backbreaking work. drudgery suggests continuous, dreary, and dispiriting work, esp. of a menial or servile kind: Cleaning these blinds is sheer drudgery. labor denotes hard manual work, esp. for wages: Repairing the bridge will require months of labor. toil suggests wearying or exhausting labor: The farmer's health was failing from constant toil.

work

(wûrk) The transfer of energy from one object to another, especially in order to make the second object move in a certain direction. Work is equal to the amount of force multiplied by the distance over which it is applied. If a force of 10 newtons, for example, is applied over a distance of 3 meters, the work is equal to 30 newtons per meter (or 30 joules). Compare energy, power.

Work

See also occupations; organized labor.
drudgerydull, laborious, or menial work. — drudge, n.empleomaniaan obsession with public employment.ergasiophobiaan abnormal fear of work.ergographan instrument that records the amount of work done when a muscle contracts. — ergographic, adj.ergologythe study of the effect of work on mind and body. — ergologist, n.ergomaniaa mania for work.ergophilea person who loves to work.ergophobiaa hatred of work.faineance, faineancylaziness; the state of being idle. — fainéant, adj.flexitimea work practice under which workers are able, within certain limits, to choose their own hours of work.lucubration1. laborious work or study, especially when done late at night.
2. the work, as a book or treatise, produced or apparently produced this way. — lucubrator, n.operosity1. the state or quality of being industrious or busy.
2. the condition of being toilsome. — operose, adj.sinecurismthe policy or practice of maintaining an office or position that provides income without demanding any or much work or attendance. Also sinecureship. — sinecure, n.Taylorismthe methods of scientific factory management first introduced in the early 19th century by the American engineer Frederick W. Taylor, especially the differential piece-rate system.thaasophobiaan abnormal fear or dislike of being idle.volunteerismthe practice or advocacy of working as a volunteer, often with the hope of thereby gaining paid employment in the same field.

Work

See Also: ATTENTION, BOREDOM, DOCTORS, LAWYERS, PROFESSIONS

All the romance had been scuffed off it [playing professional baseball against small-town teams] like the gloss on a brand-new baseball after nine innings of hard use —Howard Frank Mosher
All work is as seed sown; it grows and spreads, and sows itself anew —Thomas Carlyle
The back-breaking sixteen-hour day, like a heavy hand slapping —Bernard Malamud
Being a president is like riding a tiger. A man has to keep on riding or be swallowed —Harry S. Truman
(Reagan’s nostalgic wit was contributing to the feeling that he) dropped in and out of his job, like a cameo star on “The Love Boat” —Gerald Gardner
(My mom) getting paid for giving advice is like the Cookie Monster getting paid for eating cookies —Glenn Sapadin, upon hearing that his mother, Linda Sapadin, was finalist in contest to select a replacement for advice columnist Ann Landers, New York Times/ About New York, April 11, 1987
This job [being a prize fighter] needs gorgeous concentration … it’s like being a priest; our work comes first —Clifford Odets
The job [dean at a university] is like being pecked to death by ducks —John Roche, lecture at Ohio State University, 1962.
Jobs are like lobster pots, harder to get out of them than into —Hugh Leonard
Labor like Hercules —William H. Gass
The only time some people work like a horse is when the boss rides them —Gabriel Heatter
Toiled like movers trying to get a refrigerator into a fifth-floor walk-up —Russell Baker
Toiling like a bee in a hive —Noël Coward, lyrics for “World Weary”
(Fifty-two Sundays a year … for three hours my mother was) unemployed in her own house. Like a queen —Philip Roth
Roth’s comparison of a mother to an unemployed queen comes from his novel, The Ghost Writer.
Unemployed people (i.e. actors between plays) like ghosts looking for bodies to inhabit —Gail Godwin
Work drives you like a motor —Janet Flanner
Working the rivet line [at auto factory] is like being paid to flunk high school the rest of your life —Ben Hamper in article on changes at General Motors, Mother Jones, September 1986
Work is as much a necessity to man as eating and sleeping —Karl Wilhelm Humboldt
Work like a beaver —American colloquialism
This expression was popularized by the fur trappers who roamed the Rockies during the nineteenth century. Like many such terms it has gained much wider currency and seeded offshoots like “Eager as a beaver” and “Busy as a beaver.”
Work like a Trojan —Anon
A still popular simile that had its origins in the Greek classics which portrayed the Trojans as hard workers.
The work was getting to be like licking stamps eight hours a day —Loren D. Estleman

work

Work can be a verb or a noun.

1. used as a verb

People who work have a job which they are paid to do.

You need to save money for when you stop working.I work in a hotel.

You can use as with work to say what a person's job is.

Maria works as a nurse.

Be Careful!
You use the progressive -ing form of work to talk about a temporary job, but simple forms to talk about a permanent job. For example, if you say 'I'm working in London', this suggests that the situation is temporary and you may soon move. If you say 'I work in London', this suggests that London is your permanent place of work.

He was working as a truck driver because his business venture had failed.2. used as a noun

If you have work, you have a job which you are paid to do.

There are many people who can't find work.The website has information on many different types of work.

When someone has a job, you can say that they are in work.

Fewer and fewer people are in work.

When someone does not have a job, you can say that they are out of work.

Her father had been out of work for six months.

Work is also used to talk about the place where someone works.

He drives to work by car.I can't leave work till five.

work

Past participle: worked
Gerund: working

Imperative
work
work

Present
I work
you work
he/she/it works
we work
you work
they work

Preterite
I worked
you worked
he/she/it worked
we worked
you worked
they worked

Present Continuous
I am working
you are working
he/she/it is working
we are working
you are working
they are working

Present Perfect
I have worked
you have worked
he/she/it has worked
we have worked
you have worked
they have worked

Past Continuous
I was working
you were working
he/she/it was working
we were working
you were working
they were working

Past Perfect
I had worked
you had worked
he/she/it had worked
we had worked
you had worked
they had worked

Future
I will work
you will work
he/she/it will work
we will work
you will work
they will work

Future Perfect
I will have worked
you will have worked
he/she/it will have worked
we will have worked
you will have worked
they will have worked

Future Continuous
I will be working
you will be working
he/she/it will be working
we will be working
you will be working
they will be working

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been working
you have been working
he/she/it has been working
we have been working
you have been working
they have been working

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been working
you will have been working
he/she/it will have been working
we will have been working
you will have been working
they will have been working

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been working
you had been working
he/she/it had been working
we had been working
you had been working
they had been working

Conditional
I would work
you would work
he/she/it would work
we would work
you would work
they would work

Past Conditional
I would have worked
you would have worked
he/she/it would have worked
we would have worked
you would have worked
they would have worked

work

Force multiplied by distance; work is measured in joules.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	work - activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work"lavation, washing, wash - the work of cleansing (usually with soap and water)activity - any specific behavior; "they avoided all recreational activity"action - the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field; "the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds"; "gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible"job - a damaging piece of work; "dry rot did the job of destroying the barn"; "the barber did a real job on my hair"job - the performance of a piece of work; "she did an outstanding job as Ophelia"; "he gave it up as a bad job"procedure, operation - a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work; "the operations in building a house"; "certain machine tool operations"service - work done by one person or group that benefits another; "budget separately for goods and services"polishing, shining - the work of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing or waxing it; "the shining of shoes provided a meager living"; "every Sunday he gave his car a good polishing"heavy lifting - difficult work; "the boss hoped the plan would succeed but he wasn't willing to do the heavy lifting"housewifery - the work of a housewifehousekeeping, housework - the work of cleaning and running a houseironing - the work of using heat to smooth washed clothes in order to remove any wrinklesbusywork, make-work - active work of little value; "while he was waiting he filled the days with busywork"logging - the work of cutting down trees for timberloose end, unfinished business - work that is left incompletenightwork - work to be done at nightpaperwork - work that involves handling papers: forms or letters or reports etc.social service, welfare work - an organized activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in societytoil, labor, labour - productive work (especially physical work done for wages); "his labor did not require a great deal of skill"subbing, substituting - working as a substitute for someone who is ill or on leave of absenceinvestigating, investigation - the work of inquiring into something thoroughly and systematicallycare, tending, attention, aid - the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something; "no medical care was required"; "the old car needs constant attention"duty - work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons; "the duties of the job"missionary work, mission - the organized work of a religious missionaryspadework - dull or routine preliminary work preparing for an undertakingtimework - work paid for at a rate per unit of timeproject, task, undertaking, labor - any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; "he prepared for great undertakings"coursework - work assigned to and done by a student during a course of study; usually it is evaluated as part of the student's grade in the course
	2.	work - a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing; "it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works"; "the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work"; "he was indebted to the pioneering work of John Dewey"; "the work of an active imagination"; "erosion is the work of wind or water over time"piece of workfollowup, follow-up - a piece of work that exploits or builds on earlier work; "his new software is a follow-up to the programs they started with"handcraft, handicraft, handiwork, handwork - a work produced by hand laborironwork - work made of iron (gratings or rails or railings etc); "the houses had much ornamental ironwork"lacework - work consisting of (or resembling) lace fabriclacquerware - a decorative work made of wood and covered with lacquer and often inlaid with ivory or precious metalsleatherwork - work made of leatherchef-d'oeuvre, masterpiece - the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsmanmetalwork - the metal parts of something; "there were bullet holes in the metalwork"openwork - ornamental work (such as embroidery or latticework) having a pattern of openingspolychrome - a piece of work composed of or decorated in many colorsproduct, production - an artifact that has been created by someone or some process; "they improve their product every year"; "they export most of their agricultural production"silverwork - decorative work made of silvercaning, wickerwork, wicker - work made of interlaced slender branches (especially willow branches)woodwork - work made of wood; especially moldings or stairways or furniturework in progress - a piece of work that is not yet finishedworkpiece - work consisting of a piece of metal being machinedpublication - a copy of a printed work offered for distribution
	3.	work - the occupation for which you are paid; "he is looking for employment"; "a lot of people are out of work"employmentcoaching, coaching job - the job of a professional coachbooking, engagement - employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time; "the play had bookings throughout the summer"ministry - the work of a minister of religion; "he is studying for the ministry"sailing, seafaring, navigation - the work of a sailorwork load, workload - work that a person is expected to do in a specified timepiecework - work paid for according to the quantity producedjob, line of work, occupation, business, line - the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money; "he's not in my line of business"service - employment in or work for another; "he retired after 30 years of service"telecommuting, teleworking - employment at home while communicating with the workplace by phone or fax or modemservices - performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others; "the mayor tried to maintain city services"; "the medical services are excellent"public service - employment within a government system (especially in the civil service)paper route - the job of delivering newspapers regularly
	4.	work - applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading); "mastering a second language requires a lot of work"; "no schools offer graduate study in interior design"studylearning, acquisition - the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge; "the child's acquisition of language"
	5.	work - (physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force; "work equals force times distance"natural philosophy, physics - the science of matter and energy and their interactions; "his favorite subject was physics"energy, free energy - (physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs; "energy can take a wide variety of forms"
	6.	work - a place where work is done; "he arrived at work early today"workplacebakehouse, bakery, bakeshop - a workplace where baked goods (breads and cakes and pastries) are produced or soldbeehive - any workplace where people are very busybrokerage house, brokerage - place where a broker conducts his businesscentral, telephone exchange, exchange - a workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communicationcolliery, pit - a workplace consisting of a coal mine plus all the buildings and equipment connected with itcreamery - a workplace where dairy products (butter and cheese etc.) are produced or solddrill site - workplace that is the site of a drill holeexchange - a workplace for buying and selling; open only to membersfarm - workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit; "it takes several people to work the farm"fishery, piscary - a workplace where fish are caught and processed and soldfish farm - a workplace (usually a pond) where fish are raised for foodsmithy, forge - a workplace where metal is worked by heating and hammeringgasworks - the workplace where coal gas is manufacturedglassworks - a workplace where glass is madeironworks - the workplace where iron is smelted or where iron goods are madejob - a workplace; as in the expression "on the job";lab, laboratory, research lab, research laboratory, science lab, science laboratory - a workplace for the conduct of scientific researchlaundry - workplace where clothes are washed and ironedlocation - a workplace away from a studio at which some or all of a movie may be made; "they shot the film on location in Nevada"locker room - a room (as at an athletic facility or workplace) where you can change clothes and which contains lockers for the temporary storage of your clothing and personal possessionslumberyard - a workplace where lumber is stocked for saleoyster bank, oyster bed, oyster park - a workplace where oysters are bred and grownproving ground - a workplace for testing new equipment or ideasrope yard, ropewalk - workplace consisting of a long narrow path or shed where rope is maderoundhouse - workplace consisting of a circular building for repairing locomotivesshipyard - a workplace where ships are built or repairedshop floor - workplace consisting of the part of a factory housing the machines; "the productive work is done on the shop floor"studio - workplace for the teaching or practice of an art; "she ran a dance studio"; "the music department provided studios for their students"; "you don't need a studio to make a passport photograph"studio - workplace consisting of a room or building where movies or television shows or radio programs are produced and recordedtannery - workplace where skins and hides are tannedtest bed - a place equipped with instruments for testing (e.g. engines or machinery or computer programs etc.) under working conditionswaterworks - workplace where water is stored and purified and distributed for a communityworkshop, shop - small workplace where handcrafts or manufacturing are donegeographic point, geographical point - a point on the surface of the Earth
	7.	work - the total output of a writer or artist (or a substantial part of it); "he studied the entire Wagnerian oeuvre"; "Picasso's work can be divided into periods"body of work, oeuvreend product, output - final product; the things producedwriting - (usually plural) the collected work of an author; "the idea occurs with increasing frequency in Hemingway's writings"
Verb	1.	work - exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity; "I will work hard to improve my grades"; "she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor"run through, work through, go through - apply thoroughly; think through; "We worked through an example"monkey around, muck about, muck around, potter, mess around, tinker, monkey, putter - do random, unplanned work or activities or spend time idly; "The old lady is usually mucking about in her little house"carpenter - work as a carpenterdo work, work - be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college"clerk - work as a clerk, as in the legal businesspage - work as a page; "He is paging in Congress this summer"waitress, wait - serve as a waiter or waitress in a restaurant; "I'm waiting on tables at Maxim's"pull one's weight - do one's share in a common task; "Bob has never pulled his weight, and we all have to work harder to make up for his laziness"electioneer - work actively for a political candidate or a party; "My neighbors are busy electioneering during the Presidential election campaign"assist - act as an assistant in a subordinate or supportive functionbeaver, beaver away - work hard on somethingwork at, work on - to exert effort in order to do, make, or perform something; "the child worked at the multiplication table until she had it down cold"keep one's nose to the grindstone, keep one's shoulder to the wheel, peg away, plug away, slog - work doggedly or persistently; "She keeps plugging away at her dissertation"busy, occupy - keep busy with; "She busies herself with her butterfly collection"collaborate, cooperate, join forces, get together - work together on a common enterprise of project; "The soprano and the pianist did not get together very well"; "We joined forces with another research group"volunteer - do volunteer workspecialise, specialize - devote oneself to a special area of work; "She specializes in honey bees"; "This baker specializes in French bread"minister - work as a minister; "She is ministering in an old parish"intern - work as an intern; "The young doctor is interning at the Medical Center this year"skipper - work as the skipper on a vesselboondoggle - do useless, wasteful, or trivial workscant, skimp - work hastily or carelessly; deal with inadequately and superficiallyserve - devote (part of) one's life or efforts to, as of countries, institutions, or ideas; "She served the art of music"; "He served the church"; "serve the country"work - operate in a certain place, area, or specialty; "She works the night clubs"; "The salesman works the Midwest"; "This artist works mostly in acrylics"laze, slug, idle, stagnate - be idle; exist in a changeless situation; "The old man sat and stagnated on his porch"; "He slugged in bed all morning"
	2.	work - be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college"do workserve - do duty or hold offices; serve in a specific function; "He served as head of the department for three years"; "She served in Congress for two terms"bank - be in the banking businessfill, occupy, take - assume, as of positions or roles; "She took the job as director of development"; "he occupies the position of manager"; "the young prince will soon occupy the throne"put to work, work - cause to work; "he is working his servants hard"drive - work as a driver; "He drives a bread truck"; "She drives for the taxi company in Newark"tinker - work as a tinker or tinkererserve - do military service; "She served in Vietnam"; "My sons never served, because they are short-sighted"blackleg, fink, scab, rat - take the place of work of someone on strikework - exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity; "I will work hard to improve my grades"; "she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor"drudge, labour, moil, toil, travail, fag, labor, dig, grind - work hard; "She was digging away at her math homework"; "Lexicographers drudge all day long"farm - be a farmer; work as a farmer; "My son is farming in California"moonlight - work a second job, usually after hours; "The law student is moonlighting as a taxi driver"job - work occasionally; "As a student I jobbed during the semester breaks"man - take charge of a certain job; occupy a certain work place; "Mr. Smith manned the reception desk in the morning"break one's back, buckle down, knuckle down, slave - work very hard, like a slavesubcontract - work under a subcontract; engage in a subcontractturn a trick - have a customer, of a prostitutefreelance - work independently and on temporary contracts rather than for a long-term employerwork - operate in a certain place, area, or specialty; "She works the night clubs"; "The salesman works the Midwest"; "This artist works mostly in acrylics"
	3.	work - have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected; "The voting process doesn't work as well as people thought"; "How does your idea work in practice?"; "This method doesn't work"; "The breaks of my new car act quickly"; "The medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water"actmake for, wreak, bring, work, play - cause to happen or to occur as a consequence; "I cannot work a miracle"; "wreak havoc"; "bring comments"; "play a joke"; "The rain brought relief to the drought-stricken area"bring home the bacon, deliver the goods, succeed, win, come through - attain success or reach a desired goal; "The enterprise succeeded"; "We succeeded in getting tickets to the show"; "she struggled to overcome her handicap and won"
	4.	work - perform as expected when applied; "The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in"; "Does this old car still run well?"; "This old radio doesn't work anymore"function, operate, run, godouble - do double duty; serve two purposes or have two functions; "She doubles as his wife and secretary"roll - begin operating or running; "The cameras were rolling"; "The presses are already rolling"run - be operating, running or functioning; "The car is still running--turn it off!"cut - function as a cutting instrument; "This knife cuts well"work - operate in or through; "Work the phones"service, serve - be used by; as of a utility; "The sewage plant served the neighboring communities"; "The garage served to shelter his horses"
	5.	work - shape, form, or improve a material; "work stone into tools"; "process iron"; "work the metal"work on, processtransform, transmute, transubstantiate - change or alter in form, appearance, or nature; "This experience transformed her completely"; "She transformed the clay into a beautiful sculpture"; "transubstantiate one element into another"shape, mould, mold, form, forge, work - make something, usually for a specific function; "She molded the rice balls carefully"; "Form cylinders from the dough"; "shape a figure"; "Work the metal into a sword"hot-work - roll, press, forge, or shape (metal) while hotcold work, coldwork - shape (metal) without heatoverwork - use too much; "This play has been overworked"make over, retread, rework - use again in altered form; "retread an old plot"rack - work on a rack; "rack leather"tool - work with a tooltill - work land as by ploughing, harrowing, and manuring, in order to make it ready for cultivation; "till the soil"
	6.	work - give a workout to; "Some parents exercise their infants"; "My personal trainer works me hard"; "work one's muscles"; "this puzzle will exercise your mind"exercise, work outexercise, work out - do physical exercise; "She works out in the gym every day"warm up - cause to do preliminary exercises so as to stretch the muscles; "The coach warmed up the players before the game"put to work, work - cause to work; "he is working his servants hard"
	7.	work - proceed along a path; "work one's way through the crowd"; "make one's way into the forest"makeclaw - move as if by clawing, seizing, or digging; "They clawed their way to the top of the mountain"jostle - make one's way by jostling, pushing, or shoving; "We had to jostle our way to the front of the platform"go across, pass, go through - go across or through; "We passed the point where the police car had parked"; "A terrible thought went through his mind"bushwhack - cut one's way through the woods or bushwork - proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity; "work your way through every problem or task"; "She was working on her second martini when the guests arrived"; "Start from the bottom and work towards the top"
	8.	work - operate in a certain place, area, or specialty; "She works the night clubs"; "The salesman works the Midwest"; "This artist works mostly in acrylics"do work, work - be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college"work - exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity; "I will work hard to improve my grades"; "she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor"
	9.	work - proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity; "work your way through every problem or task"; "She was working on her second martini when the guests arrived"; "Start from the bottom and work towards the top"work, make - proceed along a path; "work one's way through the crowd"; "make one's way into the forest"go, proceed, move - follow a procedure or take a course; "We should go farther in this matter"; "She went through a lot of trouble"; "go about the world in a certain manner"; "Messages must go through diplomatic channels"
	10.	work - move in an agitated manner; "His fingers worked with tension"move, displace - cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; "Move those boxes into the corner, please"; "I'm moving my money to another bank"; "The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant"
	11.	work - cause to happen or to occur as a consequence; "I cannot work a miracle"; "wreak havoc"; "bring comments"; "play a joke"; "The rain brought relief to the drought-stricken area"make for, wreak, bring, playcreate, make - make or cause to be or to become; "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor"work, act - have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected; "The voting process doesn't work as well as people thought"; "How does your idea work in practice?"; "This method doesn't work"; "The breaks of my new car act quickly"; "The medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water"
	12.	work - cause to work; "he is working his servants hard"put to workexercise, work, work out - give a workout to; "Some parents exercise their infants"; "My personal trainer works me hard"; "work one's muscles"; "this puzzle will exercise your mind"warm up - cause to do preliminary exercises so as to stretch the muscles; "The coach warmed up the players before the game"apply, employ, use, utilise, utilize - put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer"cybernate, computerise, computerize - control a function, process, or creation by a computer; "They computerized the car industry"; "we live in a cybernated age"; "cybernate a factory"rack - put on a rack and pinion; "rack a camera"overwork, exploit - work excessively hard; "he is exploiting the students"do work, work - be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college"
	13.	work - prepare for crops; "Work the soil"; "cultivate the land"crop, cultivatefarming, husbandry, agriculture - the practice of cultivating the land or raising stockgear up, prepare, ready, set, fix, set up - make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc; "Get the children ready for school!"; "prepare for war"; "I was fixing to leave town after I paid the hotel bill"knead, work - make uniform; "knead dough"; "work the clay until it is soft"overcrop, overcultivate - to exhaust by excessive cultivation; "the farmers overcropped the land"
	14.	work - behave in a certain way when handled; "This dough does not work easily"; "The soft metal works well"knead, work - make uniform; "knead dough"; "work the clay until it is soft"be - have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); "John is rich"; "This is not a good answer"
	15.	work - have and exert influence or effect; "The artist's work influenced the young painter"; "She worked on her friends to support the political candidate"act upon, influenceaffect, bear upon, impact, bear on, touch on, touch - have an effect upon; "Will the new rules affect me?"prejudice, prepossess - influence (somebody's) opinion in advanceimprint, form - establish or impress firmly in the mind; "We imprint our ideas onto our children"militate - have force or influence; bring about an effect or change; "Politeness militated against this opinion being expressed"manipulate, pull strings, pull wires - influence or control shrewdly or deviously; "He manipulated public opinion in his favor"colour, color - modify or bias; "His political ideas color his lectures"swing over, swing - influence decisively; "This action swung many votes over to his side"blackjack, blackmail, pressure - exert pressure on someone through threatspersuade, sway, carry - win approval or support for; "Carry all before one"; "His speech did not sway the voters"get at - influence by corruptionfix - influence an event or its outcome by illegal means; "fix a race"dominate - be in control; "Her husband completely dominates her"
	16.	work - operate in or through; "Work the phones"function, operate, work, run, go - perform as expected when applied; "The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in"; "Does this old car still run well?"; "This old radio doesn't work anymore"work - cause to operate or function; "This pilot works the controls"; "Can you work an electric drill?"operate, run - direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.; "She is running a relief operation in the Sudan"
	17.	work - cause to operate or function; "This pilot works the controls"; "Can you work an electric drill?"handle, manage, care, deal - be in charge of, act on, or dispose of; "I can deal with this crew of workers"; "This blender can't handle nuts"; "She managed her parents' affairs after they got too old"work - operate in or through; "Work the phones"
	18.	work - provoke or excite; "The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy"exploit, work - use or manipulate to one's advantage; "He exploit the new taxation system"; "She knows how to work the system"; "he works his parents for sympathy"work - gratify and charm, usually in order to influence; "the political candidate worked the crowds"excite, stir, stimulate - stir feelings in; "stimulate my appetite"; "excite the audience"; "stir emotions"
	19.	work - gratify and charm, usually in order to influence; "the political candidate worked the crowds"bewitch, captivate, charm, enamor, enamour, entrance, trance, becharm, beguile, enchant, capture, fascinate, catch - attract; cause to be enamored; "She captured all the men's hearts"work - provoke or excite; "The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy"
	20.	work - make something, usually for a specific function; "She molded the rice balls carefully"; "Form cylinders from the dough"; "shape a figure"; "Work the metal into a sword"shape, mould, mold, form, forgecarve - form by carving; "Carve a flower from the ice"swage, upset - form metals with a swagechip - form by chipping; "They chipped their names in the stone"layer - make or form a layer; "layer the different colored sands"cut out - form and create by cutting out; "Picasso cut out a guitar from a piece of paper"machine - turn, shape, mold, or otherwise finish by machinerygrind - shape or form by grinding; "grind lenses for glasses and cameras"stamp - form or cut out with a mold, form, or die; "stamp needles"puddle - subject to puddling or form by puddling; "puddle iron"beat - shape by beating; "beat swords into ploughshares"create from raw material, create from raw stuff - make from scratchpreform - form or shape beforehand or determine the shape of beforehandpreform - form into a shape resembling the final, desired onemound - form into a rounded elevation; "mound earth"hill - form into a hillroughcast - shape roughlyremold, reshape - shape again or shape differentlysinter - cause (ores or powdery metals) to become a coherent mass by heating without meltingmould, mold, cast - form by pouring (e.g., wax or hot metal) into a cast or mold; "cast a bronze sculpture"throw - make on a potter's wheel; "she threw a beautiful teapot"handbuild, hand-build, coil - make without a potter's wheel; "This famous potter hand-builds all of her vessels"work on, work, process - shape, form, or improve a material; "work stone into tools"; "process iron"; "work the metal"sculpt, sculpture - create by shaping stone or wood or any other hard material; "sculpt a swan out of a block of ice"mold, mould, model - form in clay, wax, etc; "model a head with clay"
	21.	work - move into or onto; "work the raisins into the dough"; "the student worked a few jokes into his presentation"; "work the body onto the flatbed truck"stir - mix or add by stirring; "Stir nuts into the dough"move, displace - cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; "Move those boxes into the corner, please"; "I'm moving my money to another bank"; "The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant"
	22.	work - make uniform; "knead dough"; "work the clay until it is soft"kneadmanipulate - hold something in one's hands and move itproof - knead to reach proper lightness; "proof dough"masticate - grind and knead; "masticate rubber"crop, cultivate, work - prepare for crops; "Work the soil"; "cultivate the land"work - behave in a certain way when handled; "This dough does not work easily"; "The soft metal works well"
	23.	work - use or manipulate to one's advantage; "He exploit the new taxation system"; "She knows how to work the system"; "he works his parents for sympathy"exploitapply, employ, use, utilise, utilize - put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer"make hay - turn to one's advantage; "The environmentalist lobby made hay of the nuclear plant accident"play - use to one's advantage; "She plays on her clients' emotions"avail, help - take or use; "She helped herself to some of the office supplies"prey, feed - profit from in an exploitatory manner; "He feeds on her insecurity"work - provoke or excite; "The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy"use - seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; "She uses her influential friends to get jobs"; "The president's wife used her good connections"
	24.	work - find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of; "did you solve the problem?"; "Work out your problems with the boss"; "this unpleasant situation isn't going to work itself out"; "did you get it?"; "Did you get my meaning?"; "He could not work the math problem"figure out, puzzle out, solve, lick, work outunderstand - know and comprehend the nature or meaning of; "She did not understand her husband"; "I understand what she means"answer, resolve - understand the meaning of; "The question concerning the meaning of life cannot be answered"riddle - explain a riddlestrike - arrive at after reckoning, deliberating, and weighing; "strike a balance"; "strike a bargain"guess, infer - guess correctly; solve by guessing; "He guessed the right number of beans in the jar and won the prize"answer - give the correct answer or solution to; "answer a question"; "answer the riddle"break - find the solution or key to; "break the code"
	25.	work - cause to undergo fermentation; "We ferment the grapes for a very long time to achieve high alcohol content"; "The vintner worked the wine in big oak vats"fermentconvert - change the nature, purpose, or function of something; "convert lead into gold"; "convert hotels into jails"; "convert slaves to laborers"sour, ferment, turn, work - go sour or spoil; "The milk has soured"; "The wine worked"; "The cream has turned--we have to throw it out"vinify - convert a juice into wine by fermentation; "vinify grape juice"
	26.	work - go sour or spoil; "The milk has soured"; "The wine worked"; "The cream has turned--we have to throw it out"sour, ferment, turnchange state, turn - undergo a transformation or a change of position or action; "We turned from Socialism to Capitalism"; "The people turned against the President when he stole the election"ferment, work - cause to undergo fermentation; "We ferment the grapes for a very long time to achieve high alcohol content"; "The vintner worked the wine in big oak vats"
	27.	work - arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion; "The stitches of the hem worked loose after she wore the skirt many times"become, get, go - enter or assume a certain state or condition; "He became annoyed when he heard the bad news"; "It must be getting more serious"; "her face went red with anger"; "She went into ecstasy"; "Get going!"

work

verb1. be employed, do business, have a job, earn a living, be in work, hold down a job I want to work, I don't want to be on welfare.2. labour, sweat, slave, toil, slog (away), drudge, peg away, exert yourself, break your back My father worked hard all his life.
labour play, relax, laze, have fun, take it easy, mark time, skive (Brit. slang), bludge (Austral. & N.Z. informal)3. function, go, run, operate, perform, be in working order The pump doesn't work and we have no running water.
function be broken, be out of order4. succeed, work out, pay off (informal), be successful, be effective, do the trick (informal), do the business (informal), get results, turn out well, have the desired result, go as planned Most of these diets don't work.5. accomplish, cause, create, effect, achieve, carry out, implement, execute, bring about, encompass, contrive Modern medicine can work miracles.6. handle, move, excite, manipulate, rouse, stir up, agitate, incite, whip up, galvanize a performer with the ability to work an audience7. cultivate, farm, dig, till, plough Farmers worked the fertile valleys.8. operate, use, move, control, drive, manage, direct, handle, manipulate, wield, ply I learnt how to work the forklift.9. manipulate, make, form, process, fashion, shape, handle, mould, knead Work the dough with your hands until it is very smooth.10. progress, move, force, manoeuvre, make your way Rescuers were still working their way towards the trapped men.11. move, twitch, writhe, convulse, be agitated His face was working in his sleep.12. (Informal) contrive, handle, fix (informal), swing (informal), arrange, exploit, manipulate, pull off, fiddle (informal), bring off Some clever people work it so that they never have to pay taxes.noun1. employment, calling, business, job, line, office, trade, duty, craft, profession, occupation, pursuit, livelihood, métier What kind of work do you do?
employment play, holiday, unemployment, entertainment, retirement, hobby, recreation, spare time2. effort, industry, labour, grind (informal), sweat, toil, slog, exertion, drudgery, travail (literary), elbow grease (facetious) This needs time and a lot of hard work.
effort rest, ease, leisure, relaxation3. task, jobs, projects, commissions, duties, assignments, chores, yakka (Austral. & N.Z. informal) I used to take work home, but I don't do it any more.4. handiwork, doing, act, feat, deed Police say the bombing was the work of extremists.5. creation, performance, piece, production, opus, achievement, composition, oeuvre (French), handiwork In my opinion, this is Rembrandt's greatest work.plural noun1. factory, shop, plant, mill, workshop the belching chimneys of the steel-works at Corby2. writings, productions, output, canon, oeuvre (French) the complete works of Milton3. deeds, acts, actions, doings a religious order who dedicated their lives to prayer and good works4. mechanism, workings, parts, action, insides (informal), movement, guts (informal), machinery, moving parts, innards (informal) The box held what looked like the works of a large clock.out of work unemployed, on the street, jobless, idle, on the dole (Brit. informal), out of a job A third of the population is out of work.work on someone persuade, influence, manipulate, sway, put pressure on, coax, lean on, cajole, soften up, put the squeeze on someone (informal), twist someone's arm (informal) She's working on her dad to give her the money for the trip.work out1. happen, go, result, develop, come out, turn out, evolve, roll up, pan out (informal) Things didn't work out as planned.2. succeed, flourish, go well, be effective, prosper, go as planned, prove satisfactory I hope everything works out for you in your new job.3. exercise, train, practise, drill, warm up, do exercises I work out at a gym twice a week.work out at something amount to, come to, reach, add up to, reach a total of The price per pound works out at £3.20.work someone up excite, move, spur, wind up (informal), arouse, animate, rouse, stir up, agitate, inflame, incite, instigate, get someone all steamed up (slang) By now she had worked herself up so much that she couldn't sleep.work something out1. solve, find out, resolve, calculate, figure out, clear up, suss (out) (slang), puzzle out It took me some time to work out what was going on.2. plan, form, develop, arrange, construct, evolve, devise, elaborate, put together, formulate, contrive Negotiators are due to meet today to work out a compromise.work something up generate, rouse, instigate, foment, enkindle Malcolm worked up the courage to ask his grandfather for help.Related words
like ergasiomania
fear ergasiophobiaQuotations
"I just don't happen to think [work]'s an appropriate subject for an ethic" [Barbara Ehrenreich Goodbye to the Work Ethic]
"Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion" [N. Northcote Parkinson Parkinson's Law]
"I mean, really: Why work? Simply to buy more stuff?" [Douglas Coupland Generation X]
"Work is the curse of the drinking classes" [Oscar Wilde]
"Work is the great cure of all maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind" [Thomas Carlyle]
"If any would not work, neither should he eat" Bible: II Thessalonians
"All that matters is love and work" [attributed to Sigmund Freud]
"Anyone can do any amount of work, provided it isn't the work he is supposed to be doing" [Robert Benchley]Proverbs
"All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy"

work

noun1. Physical exertion that is usually difficult and exhausting:drudgery, labor, moil, toil, travail.Informal: sweat.Chiefly British: fag.Idiom: sweat of one's brow.2. Activity pursued as a livelihood:art, business, calling, career, craft, employment, job, line, métier, occupation, profession, pursuit, trade, vocation.Slang: racket.Archaic: employ.3. Something done:act, action, deed, doing, thing.4. Something that is the result of creative effort:composition, opus, piece, production.5. An issue of printed material offered for sale or distribution:opus, publication, title, volume.6. A building or complex in which an industry is located.Used in plural:factory, mill, plant.7. The technique, style, and quality of working:craftsmanship, workmanship.8. Informal. An amount or quantity from which nothing is left out or held back.Used in plural:aggregate, all, entirety, everything, gross, sum, total, totality, whole.Idioms: everything but the kitchen sink, lock, stock, and barrel, the whole ball of wax.verb1. To exert one's mental or physical powers, usually under difficulty and to the point of exhaustion:drive, fag, labor, moil, strain, strive, sweat, toil, travail, tug.Idiom: break one's back.2. To perform a function effectively:function, go, operate, run, take.3. To react in a specified way:act, behave, function, operate, perform.4. To turn out well:come off, go, go over, pan out, succeed, work out.Slang: click.5. To control or direct the functioning of:manage, operate, run, use.6. To arrive at an answer to (a mathematical problem):solve, work out.Informal: figure out.7. To handle in a way so as to mix, form, and shape:knead, manipulate.8. To introduce gradually and slyly:edge, foist, infiltrate, insinuate, wind, worm.9. To prepare (soil) for the planting and raising of crops:cultivate, culture, dress, tend, till.10. To force to work:drive, task, tax.Idiom: crack the whip.phrasal verb
work out1. To arrive at an answer to (a mathematical problem):solve, work.Informal: figure out.2. To plan the details or arrangements of:arrange, lay out, prepare, schedule.3. To form a strategy for:blueprint, cast, chart, conceive, contrive, design, devise, formulate, frame, lay, plan, project, scheme, strategize.Informal: dope out.Idiom: lay plans.4. To turn out well:come off, go, go over, pan out, succeed, work.Slang: click.5. To subject to or engage in forms of exertion in order to train, strengthen, or condition:drill, exercise, practice, train.phrasal verb
work upTo stir to action or feeling:egg on, excite, foment, galvanize, goad, impel, incite, inflame, inspire, instigate, motivate, move, pique, prick, prod, prompt, propel, provoke, set off, spur, stimulate, touch off, trigger.

Translations

工作运转逐步变成某状态逐渐地移动到某位置工作场所

work

(wəːk) noun1. effort made in order to achieve or make something. He has done a lot of work on this project劳动2. employment. I cannot find work in this town.工作3. a task or tasks; the thing that one is working on. Please clear your work off the table. 任务，正在处理的事 4. a painting, book, piece of music etc. the works of Van Gogh / Shakespeare/Mozart; This work was composed in 1816. 著作，作品 5. the product or result of a person's labours. His work has shown a great improvement lately.工作成果6. one's place of employment. He left (his) work at 5.30 p.m.; I don't think I'll go to work tomorrow.工作场所 verb1. to (cause to) make efforts in order to achieve or make something. She works at the factory three days a week; He works his employees very hard; I've been working on/at a new project.使工作2. to be employed. Are you working just now? 受雇于，从事…工作 3. to (cause to) operate (in the correct way). He has no idea how that machine works / how to work that machine; That machine doesn't/won't work, but this one's working. 操作，运转 4. to be practicable and/or successful. If my scheme works, we'll be rich! 行得通，取得成功 5. to make (one's way) slowly and carefully with effort or difficulty. She worked her way up the rock face.缓慢而费力地前进6. to get into, or put into, a stated condition or position, slowly and gradually. The wheel worked loose. 逐渐地移动到某位置，逐步变�某状态 7. to make by craftsmanship. The ornaments had been worked in gold.加工-work1. (the art of making) goods of a particular material. He learns woodwork at school; This shop sells basketwork.特定材料制成的物品与其制法2. parts of something, eg a building, made of a particular material. The stonework/woodwork/paintwork needs to be renewed. （建筑中的）特定材料制成的部份 ˈworkable adjective (of a plan) able to be carried out. 可行的ˈworker noun1. a person who works or who is employed in an office, a factory etc. office-workers; car-workers.员工2. a manual worker rather than an office-worker etc. 劳工3. a person who works (hard etc). He's a slow/hard worker.工作者works noun singular or plural a factory etc. The steelworks is/are closed for the holidays.工厂 noun plural1. the mechanism (of a watch, clock etc). The works are all rusted. （机器等的）活动部件，机件 2. deeds, actions etc. She's devoted her life to good works. 行动，实际工作 ˈwork-basket, ˈwork-boxetc nouns a basket, box etc for holding thread, needlework etc. 针线筐ˈworkbook noun a book of exercises usually with spaces for answers. 练习册ˈworkforce noun the number of workers (available for work) in a particular industry, factory etc. 劳动力working class the section of society who work with their hands, doing manual labour. 劳动阶级，工人阶级 working day, ˈwork-day nouns1. a day on which one goes to work, and is not on holiday. 工作日2. the period of actual labour in a normal day at work. My working day is eight hours long.一天的工作时间working hours the times of day between which one is at work. Normal working hours are 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.工作时间ˈworking-party, ˈwork-party nouns a group of people gathered together (usually voluntarily) to perform a particular physical task. They organized a work-party to clear the canal of weeds.工作队working week the five days from Monday to Friday inclusive when people go to work. 工作周（周一到周五工作日） ˈworkman noun a man who does manual work. the workmen on a building site.工人ˈworkmanlike adjective1. suitable to a good workman. a workmanlike attitude.好工人应有的2. well performed. a workmanlike job. 有技巧的，工作熟练的 ˈworkmanship noun the skill of a qualified workman; skill in making things. 技艺，手艺 ˈworkmate noun one of the people who work in the same place of employment as oneself. Her workmates teased her about being the boss's favourite. 一起工作的人，同事，工友 ˈworkout noun a period of hard physical exercise for the purpose of keeping fit etc. 体育锻练ˈworkshop noun1. a room or building, especially in a factory etc where construction and repairs are carried out. 车间，工作坊 2. a course of experimental work for a group of people on a particular project. 专题讨论会，讲习班，研究会 at work working. He's writing a novel and he likes to be at work (on it) by eight o'clock every morning.工作中get/set to work to start work. Could you get to work painting that ceiling?; I'll have to set to work on this mending this evening.开始工作go to work on to begin work on. We're thinking of going to work on an extension to the house.开始去做…have one's work cut out to be faced with a difficult task. You'll have your work cut out to beat the champion.面临艰巨工作in working order (of a machine etc) operating correctly. （機器等）处于正常运转状态，能正常发挥功能 out of work having no employment. He's been out of work for months.失业work of art a painting, sculpture etc. 工艺品work off to get rid of (something unwanted or unpleasant) by taking physical exercise etc. He worked off his anger by running round the garden six times.排除work out1. to solve or calculate correctly. I can't work out how many should be left.计算出2. to come to a satisfactory end. Don't worry – it will all work out (in the end).可以解决3. to perform physical exercises. 体育锻练work up1. to excite or rouse gradually. She worked herself up into a fury. (adjective ˌworked-ˈup: Don't get so worked-up!).逐步引起2. to raise or create. I just can't work up any energy/appetite/enthusiasm today.激起work up to to progress towards and prepare for. Work up to the difficult exercises gradually.逐步发展work wonders to produce marvellous results. These pills have worked wonders on my rheumatism.取得惊人的效果

work

→ 工作zhCN, 运转zhCN

Work EN-UKEN-GB-P0003120 EN-USEN-US-P0003120

ES-ESES-ES-P0003120 PT-PTPT-PT-P0003120 → 工作 ZH-CNZH-CN-P0003120

work

work,

in physics and mechanics, transfer of energy by a force acting to displace a body. Work is equal to the product of the force and the distance through which it produces movement. Although both forceforce,
commonly, a "push" or "pull," more properly defined in physics as a quantity that changes the motion, size, or shape of a body. Force is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction.
..... Click the link for more information. and displacement are vectorvector,
quantity having both magnitude and direction; it may be represented by a directed line segment. Many physical quantities are vectors, e.g., force, velocity, and momentum.
..... Click the link for more information. quantities, having both magnitude and direction, work is a scalar quantity, having only magnitude. If the force acts in a direction other than that of the motion of the body, then only that component of the force in the direction of the motion produces work. Thus when a 5-lb (22.4-newton) force pulls a body 10 ft (3 m), it does 50 foot-pounds (67.2 meter-newtons) of work. If a force acts on a body constrained to remain stationary, no work is done by the force. Even if the body is in motion, the force must have a component in the direction of motion. Thus, any centripetal force, such as the sun's gravitational pull on the earth, does no work because it acts at right angles to the motion and has no component in that direction (see centripetal force and centrifugal forcecentripetal force and centrifugal force,
action-reaction force pair associated with circular motion. According to Newton's first law of motion, a moving body travels along a straight path with constant speed (i.e.
..... Click the link for more information. ). When there is no frictionfriction,
resistance offered to the movement of one body past another body with which it is in contact. In certain situations friction is desired. Without friction the wheels of a locomotive could not "grip" the rails nor could power be transmitted by belts.
..... Click the link for more information. and a force acts on a body, the work done by the force is equal to the increase of the kinetic and potential energy of the body, since all the energy expended by the agency exerting the force must be gained by the body. If frictional forces are present, then some of the work must go to overcome friction and appears finally in the form of heat energy. A simple machinemachine,
arrangement of moving and stationary mechanical parts used to perform some useful work or to provide transportation. From a historical perspective, many of the first machines were the result of human efforts to improve war-making capabilities; the term engineer
..... Click the link for more information. is a device for converting work into another form of energy. For example the jackscrew converts an input of work done on the machine to raise the load. The efficiency of a machine, which is defined as the ratio of the work output to the work input, is always less than one, since some of the input is invariably wasted in overcoming friction. The element of time does not enter into the computation of work; the time rate of doing work is called powerpower,
in physics, time rate of doing work or of producing or expending energy. The unit of power based on the English units of measurement is the horsepower, devised for describing mechanical power by James Watt, who estimated that a horse can do 550 ft-lb of work per sec; a
..... Click the link for more information. . One horsepowerhorsepower,
unit of power in the English system of units. It is equal to 33,000 foot-pounds per minute or 550 foot-pounds per second or approximately 746 watts. The term horsepower
..... Click the link for more information. is an expenditure of 33,000 foot-pounds per minute. Some of the units used to measure work are the foot-pound, the ergerg
, unit of work or energy in the cgs system of units, which is based on the metric system; it is the work done or energy expended by a force of 1 dyne acting through a distance of 1 centimeter.
..... Click the link for more information. , and the joulejoule
, abbr. J, unit of work or energy in the mks system of units, which is based on the metric system; it is the work done or energy expended by a force of 1 newton acting through a distance of 1 meter. The joule is named for James P. Joule.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Work

In physics, the term work refers to the transference of energy that occurs when a force is applied to a body that is moving in such a way that the force has a component in the direction of the body's motion. Thus work is done on a weight that is being lifted, or on a spring that is being stretched or compressed, or on a gas that is undergoing compression in a cylinder.

When the force acting on a moving body is constant in magnitude and direction, the amount of work done is defined as the product of just two factors: the component of the force in the direction of motion, and the distance moved by the point of application of the force. Thus the defining equation for work W is given below, where f and s are the magnitudes of the force and displacement, respectively, and &phgr; is the angle between these two vector quantities (see illustration). Because f cos &phgr; · s = f · s cos &phgr; work may be defined alternatively as the product of the force and the component of the displacement in the direction of the force.

Work of constant force f is fs cos &phgr;

The work done is positive in sign whenever the force or any component of it is in the same direction as the displacement; one then says that work is being done by the agent exerting the force and on the moving body. The work is said to be negative whenever the direction of the force or force component is opposite to that of the displacement; then work is said to be done on the agent and by the moving body. From the point of view of energy, an agent doing positive work is losing energy to the body on which the work is done, and one doing negative work is gaining energy from that body.

The work principle, which is a generalization from experiments on many types of machines, asserts that, during any given time, the work of the forces applied to the machine is equal to the work of the forces resisting the motion of the machine, whether these resisting forces arise from gravity, friction, molecular interactions, or inertia.

The work done by any conservative force, such as a gravitational, elastic, or electrostatic force, during a displacement of a body from one point to another has the important property of being path-independent: Its value depends only on the initial and final positions of the body, not upon the path traversed between these two positions. On the other hand, the work done by any nonconservative force, such as friction due to air, depends on the path followed and not alone on the initial and final positions, for the direction of such a force varies with the path, being at every point of the path tangential to it. See Energy, Force

work

see SOCIOLOGY OF WORK.

Work

(1) The work of a force is a measure of the action of the force. It depends on the magnitude and direction of the force and on the displacement of the force’s point of application. If a force F is constant in magnitude and direction and the displacement M₀M₁ is rectilinear (Figure 1), then the work A = F ⋅s ⋅ cos α, where s = M₀ M₁ and α is the angle between the direction of the force and that of the displacement. When α ≤ 90°, the work is positive; when 180° ≥ α > 90°, it is negative; and when o = 90°, that is, the force is perpendicular to the displacement, A = 0. The units of measurement of work are the joule (J), the erg (1 erg = 10^–7 J), and the kilogram-meter (1 kilogram-meter = 9.81 J).

Figure 1

In general, the calculation of work involves the concept of incremental work dA = F ⋅ds ⋅ cos α, where ds is an infinitesimal displacement and α is the angle between the direction of the force and the tangent τ to the displacement path at the point of the force’s application (Figure 2). In Cartesian coordinates,

(1) dA = F_xdx + F_ydy + F_zdz

where F_x, F_y, and F_z are the projections of the force on the coordinate axes, and x, y, and ζ are the coordinates of the point of application of the force. In generalized coordinates,

(2) dA = Ʃ_i δq_i

where the q_i are generalized coordinates and the Q_i are generalized forces. For forces acting on a body having a fixed axis of rotation, dA = M_zdɸ, where M_z is the sum of the moments of the forces about the axis of rotation and ɸ is the angular displacement. For pressure forces, dA = pdV, where ρ is the pressure and V is the volume.

Figure 2

The work of a force through a finite displacement is defined as the integral of the incremental elements of work. For a displacement M₀M₁, the work is expressed by the curve integral

A = ʃ _M₀M₁ (F cos α) ds

A = ʃ _M₀M₁ (F_x dx + F_y dy + F_z dz)

For work performed by gradient vector fields, d π— d π l and A = Π0 – Π1 where Π0 and Π1 are the values of the potential energy Π at the initial and final positions of the system. In this case, the work is independent of the displacement path. With the motion of a mechanical system, the sum of the work of all forces acting through a displacement is equal to the change in the system’s kinetic energy T; that is,

ΣA_i - T₁- T₀

The concept of work is used extensively in mechanics and in other branches of physics and engineering.

S. M. TARG

(2) Work in thermodynamics is a generalization of the concept of work in mechanics as expressed in differential form in equation (2). The generalized coordinates in thermodynamics are the external parameters of a thermodynamic system. Examples are the system’s position in space and volume and the intensity of an external magnetic or electric field. Here, the generalized forces, such as pressure, are quantities that depend not only on the coordinates but also on the internal parameters of the system (temperature or entropy). The work performed by a thermodynamic system on external bodies consists in the change of state of these bodies and is determined by the amount of energy imparted to external bodies by the system upon a change in the system’s external parameters. In equilibrium adi-abatic processes, the work is equal to the change in the system’s internal energy; in equilibrium isothermal processes, it is equal to the change in free energy (Helmholtz free energy). In many cases, the work can be expressed in terms of other thermodynamic potentials.

In general, the amount of work performed in the transition of a system from an initial state to a final state depends on the path through which the transition is accomplished. This means that an infinitesimal increment of work by the system is not a total differential of some function of the system’s state. An incremental amount of work is therefore usually designated not by the total differential dA but by δA. Since the amount of work depends on the path, it is possible that the work will not be equal to zero when a system completes a cycle. This discrepancy is important to the operation of all heat engines.

The work of external forces on a system is δA’ = - δ A if the energy of the system’s interaction with the external bodies does not change during the performance of the work. Examples of work arising from a change in one of the external parameters of a system are seen in the work performed by the forces of external pressure ρ in changing the volume V of a system, where SA = pdV, in the work of the forces of surface tension in changing a system’s surface, where δA = – σdΣ, where σ is the surface tension coefficient and dΣ is a surface element, and in the work of the magnetization of a system δA = – HdJ, where H is the intensity of the external magnetic field and J is the magnetic moment per unit volume of a body. The work of a system in a nonequilibrium (irreversible) process is always less than in an equilibrium process. From a statistical viewpoint, work in thermodynamics is the change in the average energy of a system as a result of a change in the system’s energy levels, while the change in energy in heat transfer is connected with a change in the probability of filling the energy levels.

REFERENCES

Leontovich, M. A. Vvedenie ν termodinamiku, 2nd ed. Moscow-Leningrad, 1952.
Reif, F. Statisticheskaia fizika. (Berkleevskii kurs fiziki, vol. 5.) Moscow, 1972. (Translated from English.)

G. IA. MIAKISHEV

What does it mean when you dream about work?

As an activity that occupies a large part of our lives, a dream about work can simply be a reflection of our everyday experiences. Perhaps a work dream can be symbolizing other kinds of efforts, such as “working” on one’s marriage. The term “work” is also a part of several dozen different idioms, from “dirty work” and a “nasty piece of work” to making “short work” of something and “working one’s fingers to the bone.”

work

[wərk] (electricity) load (industrial engineering) The physical or mental effort expended in the performance of a task. (mechanics) The transference of energy that occurs when a force is applied to a body that is moving in such a way that the force has a component in the direction of the body's motion; it is equal to the line integral of the force over the path taken by the body.

work

1. All labor necessary to produce the construction required by the contract documents, and all materials and equipment incorporated or to be incorporated in such construction. 2. The produce of a force by its corresponding displacement.

work

1. something done, made, etc., as a result of effort or exertion 2. any piece of material that is undergoing a manufacturing operation or process; workpiece 3. decoration or ornamentation, esp of a specified kind 4. an engineering structure such as a bridge, building, etc. 5. Physics the transfer of energy expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of application moves in the direction of the force.

work

That which is the result of labor. A work may be written text of any kind, a graphic image, an audio recording, a video clip, a motion picture, choreography, sculpture, a painting, music, architecture or program source code.

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REFERENCES

What does it mean when you dream about work?

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Synonyms for work

verb be employed

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verb labour

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verb function

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verb succeed

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verb accomplish

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verb handle

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verb cultivate

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verb operate

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verb manipulate

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verb progress

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verb move

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verb contrive

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noun employment

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noun effort

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noun task

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noun handiwork

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