X-ray binary

The most common type of luminous galactic X-ray source, involving a close binary system in which gas flows (via the inner Lagrangian point) or blows (by a strong stellar wind) from a normal nondegenerate star on to a compact companion (see mass transfer; binary star). For the most luminous sources such as Centaurus X-3 and Cygnus X-1, radiating X-rays at 10²⁹–10³¹ watts, this companion is probably a neutron star or black hole; in less luminous cases, such as SS Cygni and AM Herculis, it is more likely to be a white dwarf. Gravitational energy powers these sources and both the luminosity (L) and temperature (T) are proportional to the mass-to-radius ratio (M /R) of the accreting star: L ∝ (M /R )Gm ′ where G is the gravitational constant and m ′ is the rate of mass accretion, and T ∝ (M/R )G ∊ where ∊ depends on the efficiency of the gas heating, being high for shocks and low for viscous heating.

Two main types of X-ray binary are distinguished: in high-mass binaries (HMXBs), such as Centaurus X-3 and Cygnus X-1, the nondegenerate star is a giant or supergiant of early spectral type (O, B, or A); in low-mass binaries (LMXBs) such as Hercules X-1, the visible star is a middle or late main-sequence star of near solar mass. Several binaries contain a pulsating X-ray source, probably involving a rotating magnetized neutron star; these binaries, which include Centaurus X-3 and Hercules X-1, are among the best-determined of all binary systems.

The most luminous X-ray binaries, including Cygnus X-3, Scorpius X-1, and Circinus X-1, are also strong variable radio sources, sometimes also emitting radio flares.

x-ray binary

[′eks ‚rā ′bī‚ner·ē] (astronomy) An x-ray source that is a member of a binary system.

单词	x-ray binary
释义	X-ray binary X-ray binary n (Astronomy) a binary star that is an intense source of X-rays and is composed of a normal star in close orbit with a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole X-ray binary X-ray binary The most common type of luminous galactic X-ray source, involving a close binary system in which gas flows (via the inner Lagrangian point) or blows (by a strong stellar wind) from a normal nondegenerate star on to a compact companion (see mass transfer; binary star). For the most luminous sources such as Centaurus X-3 and Cygnus X-1, radiating X-rays at 10²⁹–10³¹ watts, this companion is probably a neutron star or black hole; in less luminous cases, such as SS Cygni and AM Herculis, it is more likely to be a white dwarf. Gravitational energy powers these sources and both the luminosity (L) and temperature (T) are proportional to the mass-to-radius ratio (M /R) of the accreting star: L ∝ (M /R )Gm ′ where G is the gravitational constant and m ′ is the rate of mass accretion, and T ∝ (M/R )G ∊ where ∊ depends on the efficiency of the gas heating, being high for shocks and low for viscous heating. Two main types of X-ray binary are distinguished: in high-mass binaries (HMXBs), such as Centaurus X-3 and Cygnus X-1, the nondegenerate star is a giant or supergiant of early spectral type (O, B, or A); in low-mass binaries (LMXBs) such as Hercules X-1, the visible star is a middle or late main-sequence star of near solar mass. Several binaries contain a pulsating X-ray source, probably involving a rotating magnetized neutron star; these binaries, which include Centaurus X-3 and Hercules X-1, are among the best-determined of all binary systems. The most luminous X-ray binaries, including Cygnus X-3, Scorpius X-1, and Circinus X-1, are also strong variable radio sources, sometimes also emitting radio flares. x-ray binary [′eks ‚rā ′bī‚ner·ē] (astronomy) An x-ray source that is a member of a binary system.
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