Yoshida, Shigeru

(shēgā`ro͞o yō`shēdä), 1878–1967, Japanese statesman. He was until 1954 the most powerful political figure in postwar Japan. He was ambassador to Italy (1930–32) and to Great Britain (1936–39). He was arrested late in 1944 for championing peace but returned to the government after the surrender in 1945 and became head of the Liberal party. He was prime minister five times between 1946 and 1954. During his administration a new constitution was promulgated, land reforms instituted, the U.S. occupation ended, and Japan's economic transformation begun. The unresolved problems of trade with mainland China, rearmament, the alliance with the United States, and economic rehabilitation finally forced him from office.

The Yoshida doctrine, his policy for Japan's postwar recovery, consisted of focusing the country's resources on economic production supported by well-trained workers while adopting the United States's stance on issues of security and international politics. Although this was a safe course throughout the cold war and led to spectacular economic growth, by the 1990s it created a new set of issues that Japan had to contend with. Large trade imbalances and protectionism brought on intense pressure from without to eliminate unfair trade practices, while within Japan businesses with global markets called for a more flexible workforce and open markets for foreign goods. Japan also found itself under pressure to assume a greater share of the international military burden, which involved facing public distrust of the military and long-held pacifism.

Bibliography

See his memoirs (tr. 1961, repr. 1973) and study by J. W. Dower (1979).

Yoshida, Shigeru

Born Sept. 22, 1878, in Tokyo; died Oct. 20, 1967, in Oiso. Japanese politician.

Yoshida graduated from the law school of Tokyo Imperial University in 1906 and served for many years in the Foreign Ministry of Japan. In 1943–44 he was involved in a conspiracy against the prime minister, General H. Tojo. From May 1946 to December 1954 (with an interruption from June 1947 to October 1948) he was prime minister of five cabinets. Yoshida was president of the Japanese Liberal party (1946–48), the Democratic-Liberal Party (1948–50), and the Liberal Party (1950–54) He was anti-Soviet and worked actively for a strengthening of relations between Japan and the USA, for a remilitarization of his country, and for suppression of democratic forces. He signed the San Francisco Treaty of 1951. [10–1149 -3]

单词	yoshida, shigeru
释义	Yoshida, Shigeru Yoshida, Shigeru (shēgā`ro͞o yō`shēdä), 1878–1967, Japanese statesman. He was until 1954 the most powerful political figure in postwar Japan. He was ambassador to Italy (1930–32) and to Great Britain (1936–39). He was arrested late in 1944 for championing peace but returned to the government after the surrender in 1945 and became head of the Liberal party. He was prime minister five times between 1946 and 1954. During his administration a new constitution was promulgated, land reforms instituted, the U.S. occupation ended, and Japan's economic transformation begun. The unresolved problems of trade with mainland China, rearmament, the alliance with the United States, and economic rehabilitation finally forced him from office. The Yoshida doctrine, his policy for Japan's postwar recovery, consisted of focusing the country's resources on economic production supported by well-trained workers while adopting the United States's stance on issues of security and international politics. Although this was a safe course throughout the cold war and led to spectacular economic growth, by the 1990s it created a new set of issues that Japan had to contend with. Large trade imbalances and protectionism brought on intense pressure from without to eliminate unfair trade practices, while within Japan businesses with global markets called for a more flexible workforce and open markets for foreign goods. Japan also found itself under pressure to assume a greater share of the international military burden, which involved facing public distrust of the military and long-held pacifism. Bibliography See his memoirs (tr. 1961, repr. 1973) and study by J. W. Dower (1979). Yoshida, Shigeru Born Sept. 22, 1878, in Tokyo; died Oct. 20, 1967, in Oiso. Japanese politician. Yoshida graduated from the law school of Tokyo Imperial University in 1906 and served for many years in the Foreign Ministry of Japan. In 1943–44 he was involved in a conspiracy against the prime minister, General H. Tojo. From May 1946 to December 1954 (with an interruption from June 1947 to October 1948) he was prime minister of five cabinets. Yoshida was president of the Japanese Liberal party (1946–48), the Democratic-Liberal Party (1948–50), and the Liberal Party (1950–54) He was anti-Soviet and worked actively for a strengthening of relations between Japan and the USA, for a remilitarization of his country, and for suppression of democratic forces. He signed the San Francisco Treaty of 1951. [10–1149 -3]
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