Young, Michael Warren

Young, Michael Warren,

1949–, American geneticist, b. Miami, Fla., Ph.D. Univ. of Texas, Austin, 1975. Young has been on the faculty at Rockefeller Univ. since 1978, and he was also an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute from 1987 to 1996. Young shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Michael RosbashRosbash, Michael Morris,
1944–, American geneticist, b. Kansas City, Mo., Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1970. Rosbash has been a professor at Brandeis Univ. since 1974, and he is also an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
..... Click the link for more information.  and Jeffrey HallHall, Jeffrey Connor,
1945–, American geneticist, b. Brooklyn, N.Y., Ph.D. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, 1971. Hall was a professor at Brandeis Univ. from 1974 to 2008; he also taught (2004–12) at the Univ. of Maine.
..... Click the link for more information.  for discoveries of mechanisms that control the circadian rhythm on the molecular level. In 1984 the three researchers (Young worked independently) isolated a gene that controls the circadian rhythm of fruit flies. Work by Hall and Rosbash suggested that a protein (PER) produced by this gene's activity cyclically regulated the gene's activity through a feedback mechanism, and in 1994 Young discovered another gene that produces a protein that binds to PER, allowing them to enter the cell nucleus and regulate the gene that produces PER. Young also discovered third gene that helped regulate the effect of the gene that produces PER, and all three researchers made additional contributions to the scientific understanding of the genetic and molecular regulation of the biological clock. See also rhythm, biologicalrhythm, biological,
or biorhythm,
cyclic pattern of physiological changes or changes in activity in living organisms, most often synchronized with daily, monthly, or annual cyclical changes in the environment.
..... Click the link for more information. .