| 单词 | birmingham | ||||||
| 释义 | BirminghamBir·ming·hamB0277600 (bûr′mĭng-hăm′)Birmingham(ˈbɜːmɪŋəm)Bir•ming•ham(ˈbɜr mɪŋ əm for 1; ˈbɜr mɪŋˌhæm for 2 )n.
BirminghamBirmingham(bûr`mĭngəm), city and metropolitan borough (1991 pop. 934,900), central England. The city is equidistant from BristolBristol,city and unitary authority (1991 pop. 370,300), SW England, at the confluence of the Avon and Frome rivers. Bristol, a leading international port, has extensive facilities, including docks at Avonmouth, Portishead, and Royal Portbury. ..... Click the link for more information. , LiverpoolLiverpool, city and metropolitan borough (1991 pop. 448,300), NW England, on the Mersey River near its mouth. It is one of Britain's largest cities. A large center for food processing (especially flour and sugar), Liverpool has a variety of industries, including the manufacture ..... Click the link for more information. , ManchesterManchester , city and metropolitan borough (1991 pop. 397,400), NW England, a port on the Irwell, Medlock, Irk, and Tib rivers. Manchester remains the center of the most densely populated area of England, despite the tremendous amount of outmigration between 1961 and 1981. ..... Click the link for more information. , and LondonLondon, capital of Great Britain, SE England, on both sides of the Thames River. Greater London (1991 pop. 6,378,600), c.620 sq mi (1,610 sq km), consists of the Corporation of the City of London (1991 pop. 4,000), usually called the City, plus 32 boroughs. ..... Click the link for more information. , England's main ports, and near the Black CountryBlack Country, highly industrialized region, historically mostly in Staffordshire but partly in Worcestershire and Warwickshire, W central England. It includes Dudley, Rowley Regis (see Warley), Tipton, Walsall, Wednesbury, West Bromwich, and Wolverhampton. ..... Click the link for more information. iron and coal deposits; it was connected to the Staffordshire mines by the Birmingham Canal in the 18th cent. Birmingham is Britain's second largest city (in both area and population) and is the center of water, road, and rail transportation in the MidlandsMidlands, region of central England. It is usually considered to include the counties of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, and Worcestershire, as well as Birmingham and the surrounding metropolitan districts (the former ..... Click the link for more information. . The chief industries are the manufacture of automobiles and bicycles and their components and accessories. Other products include electrical equipment, paint, guns, and a wide variety of metal products. By the 15th cent., Birmingham was a market town with a large leather and wool trade; by the 16th cent. it was also known for its many metalworks. In the English Civil War the town was captured by the royalists. Birmingham's industrial development and population growth accelerated in the 17th and 18th cent. In 1762, Matthew Boulton and James WattWatt, James, The town was enfranchised by the Reform Bill of 1832 (see under Reform ActsReform Acts Birmingham was severely damaged in World War II. Subsequent rebuilding resulted in modernization, especially of the city center. Notable buildings include the town hall, built in 1834, modeled after the temple of Castor and Pollux in Rome; the 18th-century baroque-style Cathedral of St. Philip; and the 19th-century Cathedral of St. Chad, the first Roman Catholic cathedral to be built in England after the Reformation. Bull Ring, in the center of Birmingham, is the site of the city's oldest market. Also in the center of the city is the Univ. of Aston. The Univ. of Birmingham is in the suburb of Edgbaston, as is the Oratory of St. Philip Neri, a Roman Catholic shrine that was formerly the parish house of John Henry Cardinal NewmanNewman, John Henry, Birmingham(bûr`mĭnghăm') 1 City (1990 pop. 265,968), seat of Jefferson co., N central Ala., in the Jones Valley near the southern end of the Appalachian system; founded and inc. 1871. The largest city in the state, it was long a leading iron and steel center, the "Pittsburgh of the South." Industry has diversified since the 1970s to include textiles, chemicals, automotive parts, and aircraft production. Health-care services, commerce, banking, insurance, research, and government are also important. A leading "New South" city, Birmingham developed rapidly with the expansion of railroads and, connected with the Gulf of Mexico by canal, became a trade and communications center. The city was the scene of unrest during the civil-rights struggles of the 1960s; on Sept. 15, 1963, four young black girls were killed in a church bombing. In 1979 the city elected its first African-American mayor. The Birmingham Civil Rights Institute, comprising a museum, archives of the period, and research facilities, opened in 1992. Local educational institutions include the Univ. of Alabama Medical Center, Birmingham-Southern College, Miles College, and Samford Univ. Overlooking the city, on nearby Red Mt., is a huge iron statue of Vulcan, the Roman god of the forge. 2 City (1990 pop. 19,997), Oakland co., SE Mich., on the River Rouge; settled 1819, inc. as a village 1864, as a city 1933. It is largely residential.Birminghama city in Great Britain, located in central England, in the county of Yorkshire. Population, 1,075,000 (1968). Situated on the Birmingham plateau. The first mention of a settlement on the site of Birmingham dates back to the 11th century. Since the 13th century it has been famous for its fairs. By the 16th century it had become a center for the manufacture of metal products. During the English Bourgeois Revolution (Civil War) of the 17th century, Birmingham supported Parliament. In 1830 a bourgeois organization arose (the so-called Birmingham Political Union) which played an important role in the struggle for the Parliamentary Reform Act of 1832. The Chartist Convention of 1839 was held in Birmingham. In July 1839 the bourgeoisie of Birmingham provoked clashes between the workers on the one hand and the police and troops on the other. Since the beginning of the 20th century there has been a rapid growth of war plants in the city. During World War II it was subjected to considerable damage as a result of raids by the German fascist air force. Birmingham is an industrial city. It is the nucleus of the western Midlands conurbation and an important transportation hub. It is one of the world’s major cities; more than 50 percent of its gainfully employed population works in industry. The basic branches of industry are ferrous metallurgy (now mostly converted), which grew up on the sites in south Staffordshire basin where iron ore and coal were discovered, and the production of metal articles. Machine building was developed on the basis of these industries. Birmingham is the largest center in the country for machine building and metal processing. (These industries employ more than two-thirds of the city’s industrial workers.) The most important branch of industry is the automobile industry, which is comprised of automobile-assembly plants of the British Motor Corporation, including the Austin firm in the suburb of Longbridge and the Morris firm. There are enterprises engaged in manufacturing automotive and aviation engines in addition to auxiliary plants. Closely linked to this chief branch is the rubber industry, including the production of tires (the Dunlop plant) and electrical engineering, although the latter also has independent branches (plants of the Lucas and General Electric companies). There is a considerable machine-tool industry in Birmingham, as well as production of railroad equipment and cars and a military industry. The processing of nonferrous metals takes place on a large scale (one-sixth of the employment in the country). Birmingham has long been famous for its jewelry products. Characteristic of Birmingham is the combination of the modern architecture of the municipal center, reconstructed after World War II (1939–45), with the old, industrial-residential quarters surrounding it—the jewelers and weapons’ makers. New multistoried factories were built (where each floor or part of it is leased to small, old enterprises and workshops), as well as multistoried commercial buildings and residential complexes, the public trade center known as the Bull Ring (dating from 1960), and the buildings of the university (1966–67). Among the old structures are the Gothic Church of St. Martin (13th century), the cathedral (1710–15), and the city hall (1832–52), all in the style of classicism, and the neo-Gothic St. Chad Cathedral (1839–41). Birmingham is one of the principal centers for technical education (the university and engineering colleges). There is a Birmingham City Museum and Art Gallery and the Barber Institute of Fine Arts. N. M. POL’SKAIA BirminghamBirminghamBirminghamThe second largest city in the UK, which is located in West Midlands; it is home to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, a superhospital built under a PFI contract.Birmingham
Synonyms for Birmingham
|
||||||
| 随便看 |
|
英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。