chauvinism

enUK

chau·vin·ism

C0261800 (shō′və-nĭz′əm)n.1. Militant devotion to and glorification of one's country; fanatical patriotism.2. Prejudiced belief in the superiority of one's own gender, group, or kind: "the chauvinism ... of making extraterrestrial life in our own image" (Henry S.F. Cooper, Jr.).

[French chauvinisme, after Nicolas Chauvin, a legendary French soldier famous for his devotion to Napoleon.]

chau′vin·ist n.chau′vin·is′tic adj.chau′vin·is′ti·cal·ly adv.

chauvinism

(ˈʃəʊvɪˌnɪzəm) n1. aggressive or fanatical patriotism; jingoism2. enthusiastic devotion to a cause3. smug irrational belief in the superiority of one's own race, party, sex, etc: male chauvinism. [C19: from French chauvinisme, after Nicolas Chauvin, legendary French soldier under Napoleon, noted for his vociferous and unthinking patriotism] ˈchauvinist n ˌchauvinˈistic adj ˌchauvinˈistically adv

chau•vin•ism

(ˈʃoʊ vəˌnɪz əm)

n. 1. zealous and aggressive patriotism or blind enthusiasm for military glory. 2. biased devotion to any group, attitude, or cause. [1865–70; < French chauvinisme <chauvin jingo (after N. Chauvin, a soldier in Napoleon's army noted for vociferous patriotism)] chau′vin•ist, n., adj. chau`vin•is′tic, adj.

chauvinism

a zealous and belligerent patriotism. — chauvinist, n. — chauvinistic, adj.See also: Nationalism

ardent, unreasoned favoritism for a particular group. See also nationalism. — chauvinist, n.See also: Discrimination

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	chauvinism - fanatical patriotism superpatriotism, ultranationalism, jingoismnationalism, patriotism - love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it; "they rode the same wave of popular patriotism"; "British nationalism was in the air and patriotic sentiments ran high"
	2.	chauvinism - activity indicative of belief in the superiority of men over womenantifeminism, male chauvinismsexism - discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of the opposite sex

Translations

沙文主义

chauvinism

(ˈʃəuvinizəm) noun unthinking enthusiasm for a particular country, cause etc. 沙文主义ˈchauvinist noun沙文主义者ˌchauviˈnistic adjective沙文主义的male chauvinist a man who believes that women are inferior to men. 大男子主义者

chauvinism

enUK

chauvinism

(shō`vənĭzəm), word derived from the name of Nicolas Chauvin, a soldier of the First French Empire. Used first for a passionate admiration of Napoleon, it now expresses exaggerated and aggressive nationalism. As a social phenomenon, chauvinism is essentially modern, becoming marked in the era of acute national rivalries and imperialism beginning in the 19th cent. It has been encouraged by mass communication, originally by the cheap newspaper. Chauvinism exalts consciousness of nationality, spreads hatred of minorities and other nations, and is associated with militarism, imperialism, and racism. In the 1960s, the term "male chauvinist" appeared in the women's liberation movement; it is applied to males who refuse to regard females as equals.

Chauvinism

an extreme form of nationalism, involving the advocacy of national exclusivity. Chauvinists place the interests of their own nation above the interests of all others, promote national arrogance, and exacerbate national hatreds and animosities.

The term “chauvinism” first appeared in France. It derives from the name of an aggressive and bellicose recruit in the comedy The Tricolor Cockade (1831), by the brothers J.-H. and C.-T. Cogniard. The recruit, Nicolas Chauvin, was apparently based on a real Nicolas Chauvin, a veteran of the Napoleonic Wars who was known for his worship of Napoleon and his belief that the emperor had made France great.

The word “chauvinism” was eventually applied to many types of exaggerated nationalism. “Jingoism” came into use in Great Britain in the 1870’s as a synonym. Terms such as “social chauvinism” and “great power chauvinism” have been devised to identify particular types of chauvinism.

Chauvinism flourishes in imperialist countries. Its most extreme manifestation is the antihuman ideology and policies of fascist states. The struggle against chauvinist ideologies and their proponents has always been one of the most important tasks confronting Marxist-Leninist parties.

REFERENCES

Lenin, V. I. “Rabochii klass i natsional’nyi vopros.” Poln. sobr. soch., 5th ed., vol. 23.
Lenin, V. I. “Kriticheskie zametki po natsional’nomu voprosu.” Ibid., vol. 24.
Lenin, V. I. “O bor’be s sotsial-shovinizmom.” Ibid. , vol.
26. Lenin, V. I. “Prikrytie sotsial-shovinistskoi politiki internatsionalisticheskimi frazami.” Ibid., vol. 27.
Marksizm-Leninizm o proletarskom internatsionalizme. Moscow, 1969.
Leninizm i natsional’nyi vopros v sovremennykh usloviiakh, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1974.

Chauvinism

See also Bigotry, Patriotism.Chauvin, Nicolassoldier who passionately admired Napoleon; whence, ultranationalism. [Fr. Hist.: NCE, 518]Helmer, Torvaldtreats wife Nora as an inferior being. [Nor. Lit.: A Doll’s House]Jingolegendary second-century empress of Japan, victorious invader of Korea and hence the conjectural eponym of jingoism. [Jap. Hist.: EB (1963) XIII, 69]Jingoesnickname of 19th-century English pro-war party. [Br. Hist.: EB (1963) XIII, 69]male chauvinist pigdenigrating designation for a man who treats women as inferiors. [Am. Pop. Culture: Misc.]

chauvinism

chau·vin·ism

chauvinism

chau•vin•ism

chauvinism

chauvinism

chauvinism

chauvinism

Chauvinism

REFERENCES

Chauvinism

chauvinism

Synonyms for chauvinism

noun fanatical patriotism

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noun activity indicative of belief in the superiority of men over women

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