ampullary adenoma

A premalignant tumour that occurs either sporadically or in the setting of familial polyposis syndromes, which follows an adenoma-to-carcinoma sequence similar to colonic adenocarcinoma. Management options include radical surgery, local excision or snare ampullectomy; the optimal management of ampullary adenomas is uncertain.

Management
Radical surgery (pancreaticoduodenectomy)
• Pros—Low recurrence rate;
• Cons—Higher morbidity (25–65%) and mortality (0–10%).
Local excision (surgical ampullectomy)
• Pros—Low morbidity (0–25%), no mortality, decreased length of hospital stay;
• Cons—Higher recurrence rates (generally 5–30%), mandatory postoperative endoscopic surveillance.
Snare ampullectomy (endoscopic excision)
• Pros—Low morbidity (12%), low mortality (0–1%), no general anaesthesia;
• Cons—Few experienced operators, procedural complexity sometimes requiring adjunctive modalities such as fulguration, the need for multiple procedures (mean, 2.0 procedures) to effect complete excision with recurrence rates approaching 30%, as well as mandatory ongoing endoscopic surveillance.

单词	ampullary adenoma
释义	ampullary adenoma ampullary adenoma A premalignant tumour that occurs either sporadically or in the setting of familial polyposis syndromes, which follows an adenoma-to-carcinoma sequence similar to colonic adenocarcinoma. Management options include radical surgery, local excision or snare ampullectomy; the optimal management of ampullary adenomas is uncertain. Management Radical surgery (pancreaticoduodenectomy) • Pros—Low recurrence rate; • Cons—Higher morbidity (25–65%) and mortality (0–10%). Local excision (surgical ampullectomy) • Pros—Low morbidity (0–25%), no mortality, decreased length of hospital stay; • Cons—Higher recurrence rates (generally 5–30%), mandatory postoperative endoscopic surveillance. Snare ampullectomy (endoscopic excision) • Pros—Low morbidity (12%), low mortality (0–1%), no general anaesthesia; • Cons—Few experienced operators, procedural complexity sometimes requiring adjunctive modalities such as fulguration, the need for multiple procedures (mean, 2.0 procedures) to effect complete excision with recurrence rates approaching 30%, as well as mandatory ongoing endoscopic surveillance.
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