cytochemistry

cy·to·chem·is·try

C0845500 (sī′tō-kĕm′ĭ-strē)n. The branch of biochemistry that deals with the study of the chemical composition and activity of cells.

cy′to·chem′i·cal (-kĕm′ĭ-kəl) adj.

cytochemistry

(ˌsaɪtəʊˈkɛmɪstrɪ) n (Biochemistry) the chemistry of living cells ˌcytoˈchemical adj

cy•to•chem•is•try

(ˌsaɪ təˈkɛm ə stri)

n. the branch of cell biology dealing with the detection of cell constituents by means of biochemical analysis and visualization techniques. [1900–05] cy`to•chem′i•cal (-ɪ kəl) adj.

cytochemistry

the branch of cytology that deals with the chemistry of living cells. — cytochemical, adj.See also: Cells

cytochemistry

The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of cells.

Cytochemistry

enUK

cytochemistry

[¦sīd·ō′kem·ə·strē] (cell and molecular biology) The science concerned with the chemistry of cells and cell components, primarily with the location of chemical constituents and enzymes.

Cytochemistry

a branch of cytology that studies the chemistry of cell structures and the location of chemical compounds within a cell and their transformations in connection with the functioning of the cell and its individual components.

Cytochemistry arose in the 1820’s chiefly owing to the research of the French botanist F. V. Raspail, who summarized his ideas on cytochemistry in his work Essaie de chimie microscopique appliquée à la physiologie (1830). Staining techniques were subsequently developed to observe carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, mineral compounds, and lipids under the microscope. The introduction of the use of aniline dyes in the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to major advances in cytochemistry. The principal approach in cytochemistry involves conducting appropriate chemical reactions in histological specimens and then evaluating them under a microscope. The evaluation may be qualitative (visual) or quantitative, using cytophotometry, autoradiography, and other methods.

The use of electron microscopy and immunochemical techniques in cytochemistry has been developing rapidly in recent years. Also used are microchemical methods, which make it possible to excise and examine individual cells, and centrifugation, which makes it possible to obtain tissue fractions abounding in certain types of cells or subcellular structures, such as nuclei, mitochondria, microsomes, and cytoplasmic membranes.

The main achievements of cytochemistry include the demonstration of the constant quantity of the DNA in the chromosome set, as well as the demonstration of the participation of macro-molecules (nucleic acids and proteins) in the specific functional activity of the cell and their migration within the cell from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and from the cell body to the outgrowths and back.

REFERENCES

Pearse, A. G. E. Gistokhimiia teoreticheskaia i prikladnaia. Moscow, 1962. (Translated from English.)
Vvedenie v kolichestvennuiu tsitokhimiiu. Moscow, 1969. (Translated from English.)

L. Z. PEVZNER

cytochemistry

[si″to-kem´is-tre] the identification and localization of the different chemical compounds and their activities within the cell.

cy·to·chem·is·try

(sī'tō-kem'is-trē), The study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, and enzymes, often by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods. Synonym(s): histochemistry

cytochemistry

(sī′tō-kĕm′ĭ-strē)n. The branch of biochemistry that deals with the study of the chemical composition and activity of cells.

cy′to·chem′i·cal (-kĕm′ĭ-kəl) adj.

cy·to·chem·is·try

(sī'tō-kem'is-trē) The study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, and enzymes, often by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.
Synonym(s): histochemistry.

cytochemistry

1. The chemistry of cells. 2. An analysis of the chemical composition of cell components by staining properties and other means.

单词	cytochemistry
释义	cytochemistry enUK cy·to·chem·is·try C0845500 (sī′tō-kĕm′ĭ-strē)n. The branch of biochemistry that deals with the study of the chemical composition and activity of cells. cy′to·chem′i·cal (-kĕm′ĭ-kəl) adj. cytochemistry (ˌsaɪtəʊˈkɛmɪstrɪ) n (Biochemistry) the chemistry of living cells ˌcytoˈchemical adj cy•to•chem•is•try (ˌsaɪ təˈkɛm ə stri) n. the branch of cell biology dealing with the detection of cell constituents by means of biochemical analysis and visualization techniques. [1900–05] cy`to•chem′i•cal (-ɪ kəl) adj. cytochemistry the branch of cytology that deals with the chemistry of living cells. — cytochemical, adj.See also: Cells cytochemistry The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of cells. Cytochemistry enUK cytochemistry [¦sīd·ō′kem·ə·strē] (cell and molecular biology) The science concerned with the chemistry of cells and cell components, primarily with the location of chemical constituents and enzymes. Cytochemistry a branch of cytology that studies the chemistry of cell structures and the location of chemical compounds within a cell and their transformations in connection with the functioning of the cell and its individual components. Cytochemistry arose in the 1820’s chiefly owing to the research of the French botanist F. V. Raspail, who summarized his ideas on cytochemistry in his work Essaie de chimie microscopique appliquée à la physiologie (1830). Staining techniques were subsequently developed to observe carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, mineral compounds, and lipids under the microscope. The introduction of the use of aniline dyes in the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to major advances in cytochemistry. The principal approach in cytochemistry involves conducting appropriate chemical reactions in histological specimens and then evaluating them under a microscope. The evaluation may be qualitative (visual) or quantitative, using cytophotometry, autoradiography, and other methods. The use of electron microscopy and immunochemical techniques in cytochemistry has been developing rapidly in recent years. Also used are microchemical methods, which make it possible to excise and examine individual cells, and centrifugation, which makes it possible to obtain tissue fractions abounding in certain types of cells or subcellular structures, such as nuclei, mitochondria, microsomes, and cytoplasmic membranes. The main achievements of cytochemistry include the demonstration of the constant quantity of the DNA in the chromosome set, as well as the demonstration of the participation of macro-molecules (nucleic acids and proteins) in the specific functional activity of the cell and their migration within the cell from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and from the cell body to the outgrowths and back. REFERENCES Pearse, A. G. E. Gistokhimiia teoreticheskaia i prikladnaia. Moscow, 1962. (Translated from English.) Vvedenie v kolichestvennuiu tsitokhimiiu. Moscow, 1969. (Translated from English.) L. Z. PEVZNER cytochemistry enUK cytochemistry [si″to-kem´is-tre] the identification and localization of the different chemical compounds and their activities within the cell. cy·to·chem·is·try (sī'tō-kem'is-trē), The study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, and enzymes, often by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods. Synonym(s): histochemistry cytochemistry (sī′tō-kĕm′ĭ-strē)n. The branch of biochemistry that deals with the study of the chemical composition and activity of cells. cy′to·chem′i·cal (-kĕm′ĭ-kəl) adj. cy·to·chem·is·try (sī'tō-kem'is-trē) The study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, and enzymes, often by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods. Synonym(s): histochemistry. cytochemistry 1. The chemistry of cells. 2. An analysis of the chemical composition of cell components by staining properties and other means.
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