| 单词 | cytochrome oxidase |
| 释义 | cytochrome oxidasecytochrome oxidaseCytochrome Oxidasecytochrome oxidase[′sīd·ə‚krōm ′äk·sə‚dās]Cytochrome Oxidase(also cytochrome a3), an enzyme of the oxido-reductase class; the final component of the chain of respiratory enzymes that carry electrons from the cytochrome c to molecular oxygen. Cytochrome oxidase was discovered in 1926 by the German scientist O. Warburg (Warburg’s respiratory enzyme). In plant and animal cells, it is localized on the inner membrane of mitochrondria. Chemically, it is a complex protein, whose molecule consists of two hemes, two copper atoms, and 20–30 percent lipid constituent. Both hemes are heme a; however, only part of the heme a is oxidized, and it is designated a3. It is still unclear whether cytochrome oxidase is a single protein with two functionally different forms of heme, or whether it is a complex of two different cytochromes. Copper is bound to the protein by a sulfur-containing ligand. When the copper is separated from the protein, cytochrome oxidase becomes inactive. The molecular weight of cytochrome oxidase varies, according to different data, from 50,000 to 240,000. Cyanide, azide, CO, and hydroxylamine are cytochrome oxidase inhibitors. V. V. ZUEVSKII cytochrome oxidasecytochrome oxidasecytochrome oxidasecytochrome oxidasean enzyme acting as the last hydrogen electron carrier in the ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM, receiving an electron from CYTOCHROME and passing it on to oxygen, with the formation of water. |
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