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单词 blood urea nitrogen (bun)
释义 DictionarySeenitrogenEncyclopediaSeebloodMedicalSeeBLOOD COMPOSITION: Components of blood and relationship to other body tissuesBLOOD COMPOSITION: Cell types found in smears of peripheral blood from normal individuals.The cell-containing fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries, carrying nourishment, electrolytes, hormones, vitamins, antibodies, heat, and oxygen to the tissues and taking away waste matter and carbon dioxide. See: erythropoietin

Characteristics

Blood has a distinctive, somewhat metallic, odor. Arterial blood is bright red or scarlet and usually pulsates if the artery has been cut. Venous blood is dark red or crimson and flows steadily from a cut vein.

Composition

Human blood is about 52% to 62% plasma and 38% to 48% cells. The plasma is mostly water, ions, proteins, hormones, and lipids. The cellular components are the erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]), leukocytes (white blood cells [WBCs]), and thrombocytes (platelets). The leukocytes comprise neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. See: illustration; buffy coat; plasma; serum

An adult weighing 70 kg has a blood volume of about 5 L or 70 ml/kg of body weight. Blood constitutes about 7% to 8% of the body weight. The pH of the blood is from 7.35 to 7.45. The specific gravity of blood varies from 1.048 to 1.066, the cells being heavier and plasma lighter than this. Blood is of slightly higher specific gravity in men than in women. Specific gravity is higher after exercise and at night. See: blood count; cell; erythrocyte; leukocyte; plasma; platelet

Function

In passing through the lungs, the blood gives up carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen; after leaving the heart, it is carried to the tissues as arterial blood and then returned to the heart in the venous system. It moves in the aorta at an average speed of 30 cm/sec, and it makes the circuit of the vascular system in about 60 seconds. RBCs carry oxygen; WBCs participate in the immune response to infection; platelets are important in blood clotting. The plasma transports nutrients, waste products, hormones, carbon dioxide, and other substances, and contributes to fluid-electrolyte balance and thermal regulation.

Formation

RBCs are produced in the red bone marrow at the rate of about 2,400,000/sec, and each RBC lives for about 120 days. In healthy individuals, the concentration of RBCs in the blood remains stable over time. Platelets and WBCs are also produced in the red bone marrow, and agranular WBCs are produced in lymphatic tissue.

clotting of blood

See: coagulation, blood

cord blood

The blood present in the umbilical vessels connecting the placenta to the fetus. Because cord blood is immunologically immature, it is esp. useful in transfusion therapy and hematological transplantation.

defibrinated blood

Whole blood from which fibrin has been removed. It does not clot.

formed elements of blood

Blood cells, as opposed to blood proteins or other chemical constituents of blood.

fresh blood

Blood that has been collected less than 48 hours prior to its use in a transfusion.

occult blood

See: occult

oxygenated blood

Blood that has been exposed to oxygen in the lung; sometimes referred to as arteriolized blood.

predonation of blood

autologous blood transfusion.

reconstituted blood

A blood product used in transfusion therapy composed of components of blood (packed red blood cells plus plasma), which have been recombined after their separation and storage.

sludged blood

Hemagglutinated blood.

unit of blood

Approx. 1 pint (473 ml) of blood, the usual amount used in adult transfusion.illustration

blood

A complex fluid vital to life and circulated by the pumping action of the heart. The average blood volume is 5 litres. It is a transport medium, especially for oxygen, which it carries in the red blood cells linked to the HAEMOGLOBIN with which they are filled. It also transports dissolved sugars, dissolved proteins such as ALBUMIN and GLOBULIN, protein constituents (AMINO ACIDS), fat-protein combinations (LIPOPROTEINS), emulsified fats (TRIGLYCERIDES), vitamins, minerals and hormones. Blood also carries waste products such as carbon dioxide, urea, lactic acid, and innumerable other substances. In addition to the countless red cells the blood carries enormous numbers of uncoloured cells most of which are concerned in the defence of the individual against infection and cancer. It also contains large numbers of small non-nucleated bodies called PLATELETS which are concerned with BLOOD CLOTTING (coagulation).
BloodFig. 71 Blood . The constituents of blood.

blood

a connective tissue with a liquid matrix called BLOOD PLASMA. Suspended in the plasma are three types of cell which form about 45% of total blood volume:
  1. red blood cells or ERYTHROCYTES,
  2. white blood cells or LEUCOCYTES and
  3. cell fragments or PLATELETS.

blood

(blŭd) The "circulating tissue" of the body; the fluid and its suspended formed elements that are circulated through the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins; blood is the means by which: 1) oxygen and nutritive materials are transported to the tissues, and 2) carbon dioxide and various metabolic products are removed for excretion. Blood consists of a pale yellow or gray-yellow fluid, plasma, in which are suspended red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets.
See also: arterial blood, venous blood[A.S. blōd]

Patient discussion about blood

Q. does serratrol thin your blood? A. i don't know about blood thinning but i do know that when i looked for information about it (i looked for an alternative medicine for my mother) i found out this review about it:
http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/booth/alternat/serrapep.html
according to this after reviewing 34 researches done on serratrol - they found no evidence supporting the claim it helps.

Q. what are Blood thiners what pilles are blood thinnersA. anticoagulants, given in order to avoid blood clots in your systems. some heard conditions (for example) like damaged valves can cause blood to clot on them and then there's a big risk that it'll detach itself and move around your body until it'll get stuck and block the blood vessel. can be blood vessels to the leg, hand,lungs or even brain. the most well known anticoagulants are Warfarin and Low Molecular Heparin (which is given in a shot not per os like WArfarin).
hope i helped :)

Q. how can i reduce my blood pressure? A. The main steps in lowering high blood pressure is to take some very important changes in lifestyle- consuming much less salt in food, losing weight and exercising regulary. If this doesn't help (and usually it doesn't help mainly when people don't try hard enought and make an effort), medications can be added to control the blood pressure.

More discussions about blood
">blood body tissues" href="javascript:eml2('davisTab', 'b17.jpg')">BLOOD COMPOSITION: Components of blood and relationship to other body tissuesBLOOD COMPOSITION: Cell types found in smears of peripheral blood from normal individuals.The cell-containing fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries, carrying nourishment, electrolytes, hormones, vitamins, antibodies, heat, and oxygen to the tissues and taking away waste matter and carbon dioxide. See: erythropoietin

Characteristics

Blood has a distinctive, somewhat metallic, odor. Arterial blood is bright red or scarlet and usually pulsates if the artery has been cut. Venous blood is dark red or crimson and flows steadily from a cut vein.

Composition

Human blood is about 52% to 62% plasma and 38% to 48% cells. The plasma is mostly water, ions, proteins, hormones, and lipids. The cellular components are the erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]), leukocytes (white blood cells [WBCs]), and thrombocytes (platelets). The leukocytes comprise neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. See: illustration; buffy coat; plasma; serum

An adult weighing 70 kg has a blood volume of about 5 L or 70 ml/kg of body weight. Blood constitutes about 7% to 8% of the body weight. The pH of the blood is from 7.35 to 7.45. The specific gravity of blood varies from 1.048 to 1.066, the cells being heavier and plasma lighter than this. Blood is of slightly higher specific gravity in men than in women. Specific gravity is higher after exercise and at night. See: blood count; cell; erythrocyte; leukocyte; plasma; platelet

Function

In passing through the lungs, the blood gives up carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen; after leaving the heart, it is carried to the tissues as arterial blood and then returned to the heart in the venous system. It moves in the aorta at an average speed of 30 cm/sec, and it makes the circuit of the vascular system in about 60 seconds. RBCs carry oxygen; WBCs participate in the immune response to infection; platelets are important in blood clotting. The plasma transports nutrients, waste products, hormones, carbon dioxide, and other substances, and contributes to fluid-electrolyte balance and thermal regulation.

Formation

RBCs are produced in the red bone marrow at the rate of about 2,400,000/sec, and each RBC lives for about 120 days. In healthy individuals, the concentration of RBCs in the blood remains stable over time. Platelets and WBCs are also produced in the red bone marrow, and agranular WBCs are produced in lymphatic tissue.

clotting of blood

See: coagulation, blood

cord blood

The blood present in the umbilical vessels connecting the placenta to the fetus. Because cord blood is immunologically immature, it is esp. useful in transfusion therapy and hematological transplantation.

defibrinated blood

Whole blood from which fibrin has been removed. It does not clot.

formed elements of blood

Blood cells, as opposed to blood proteins or other chemical constituents of blood.

fresh blood

Blood that has been collected less than 48 hours prior to its use in a transfusion.

occult blood

See: occult

oxygenated blood

Blood that has been exposed to oxygen in the lung; sometimes referred to as arteriolized blood.

predonation of blood

autologous blood transfusion.

reconstituted blood

A blood product used in transfusion therapy composed of components of blood (packed red blood cells plus plasma), which have been recombined after their separation and storage.

sludged blood

Hemagglutinated blood.

unit of blood

Approx. 1 pint (473 ml) of blood, the usual amount used in adult transfusion.illustration

blood

A complex fluid vital to life and circulated by the pumping action of the heart. The average blood volume is 5 litres. It is a transport medium, especially for oxygen, which it carries in the red blood cells linked to the HAEMOGLOBIN with which they are filled. It also transports dissolved sugars, dissolved proteins such as ALBUMIN and GLOBULIN, protein constituents (AMINO ACIDS), fat-protein combinations (LIPOPROTEINS), emulsified fats (TRIGLYCERIDES), vitamins, minerals and hormones. Blood also carries waste products such as carbon dioxide, urea, lactic acid, and innumerable other substances. In addition to the countless red cells the blood carries enormous numbers of uncoloured cells most of which are concerned in the defence of the individual against infection and cancer. It also contains large numbers of small non-nucleated bodies called PLATELETS which are concerned with BLOOD CLOTTING (coagulation).
BloodFig. 71 Blood . The constituents of blood.

blood

a connective tissue with a liquid matrix called BLOOD PLASMA. Suspended in the plasma are three types of cell which form about 45% of total blood volume:
  1. red blood cells or ERYTHROCYTES,
  2. white blood cells or LEUCOCYTES and
  3. cell fragments or PLATELETS.

blood

(blŭd) The "circulating tissue" of the body; the fluid and its suspended formed elements that are circulated through the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins; blood is the means by which: 1) oxygen and nutritive materials are transported to the tissues, and 2) carbon dioxide and various metabolic products are removed for excretion. Blood consists of a pale yellow or gray-yellow fluid, plasma, in which are suspended red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets.
See also: arterial blood, venous blood[A.S. blōd]

Patient discussion about blood

Q. does serratrol thin your blood? A. i don't know about blood thinning but i do know that when i looked for information about it (i looked for an alternative medicine for my mother) i found out this review about it:
http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/booth/alternat/serrapep.html
according to this after reviewing 34 researches done on serratrol - they found no evidence supporting the claim it helps.

Q. what are Blood thiners what pilles are blood thinnersA. anticoagulants, given in order to avoid blood clots in your systems. some heard conditions (for example) like damaged valves can cause blood to clot on them and then there's a big risk that it'll detach itself and move around your body until it'll get stuck and block the blood vessel. can be blood vessels to the leg, hand,lungs or even brain. the most well known anticoagulants are Warfarin and Low Molecular Heparin (which is given in a shot not per os like WArfarin).
hope i helped :)

Q. how can i reduce my blood pressure? A. The main steps in lowering high blood pressure is to take some very important changes in lifestyle- consuming much less salt in food, losing weight and exercising regulary. If this doesn't help (and usually it doesn't help mainly when people don't try hard enought and make an effort), medications can be added to control the blood pressure.

More discussions about blood
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更新时间：2024/12/22 16:28:36