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Disease and Illness Related to Disease and Illness: Medical illnessDisease and IllnessSee also bacteria; cancer; drugs; health; insanity; medical specialties; pain; rabies; remedies.
acetonemia, acetonaemiaa condition caused by elevated levels of acetone in the blood.achromatosisa disease characterized by an absence of pigmentation, as albinism.acidosisa condition of the blood in which the alkali reserve is lower than normal. Also called acid intoxication, autointoxication. — acidotic, adj.acromegalya disease resulting from abnormal activity of the pituitary gland, causing bones of the extremities to become enlarged. — acromegalic, adj.adynamia, adynamyloss of strength occasioned by a disease or illness; weakness. — adynamic, adj.aeroembolisma condition caused by the formation of nitrogen bubbles in the blood as a result of a sudden lowering of atmospheric pressure, as when flying at high altitude or rising too rapidly from a deep underwater dive.aeroneurosisa stress condition of aviators, manifested in such physical symptoms as stomach pains, digestive problems, etc.aerophagyerratic gulping of air.ageusiathe partial or complete loss of the sense of taste. Also ageustia.alkalosisa condition in which the alkali content or reserve of the body is above normal.aluminosisa respiratory disease caused by prolonged inhalation of aluminum particles.amygdalitisinflammation of one or both tonsils; tonsillitis.anabasisthe progress of a disease, from onset to finish.analepsis, analepsyObsolete, a form of epileptic attack.anaphylaxisextreme sensitivity to an antigen, causing secretion of histamine and attendant adverse reactions, sometimes fatal. — anaphylactic, adj.anemia, anaemia1. a lack of blood in the body.
2. a low proportion of red cells in the blood. — anemic, anaemic, adj.anemotrophyinsufficient nutrients in the blood.anergy1. a lack of strength.
2. the failure of the body to respond to an allergen or antigen.anesisthe remission of disease symptoms.ankylosisthe stiffening of the joints of the body, a result of the formation of a fibrous or bony union.anorexiaa complete lack of appetite. — anorectic, anorexic, adj.anorexia nervosaa neurotic disorder charaeterized by refusal to eat and abnormal fear of obesity, seen especially in adolescent girls. — anorectic, anorexic, adj.anoxiaa condition charaeterized by insufficient oxygen in the tissues.anthracosisa disease of coal miners caused by the inhalation of coal dust.antipyreticany substance or medication effective in reducing fever. Also called febrifuge.apnea, apnoeaa temporary interruption in breathing. — apneal, apneic, apnoeal, apnoeic, adj.argyrism, argyriaa poisoning by silver or salts of silver, causing the skin to become ashy gray.arthritism1. a predisposition to gout.
2. a predisposition to joint diseases. — arthritic, arthritical, adj.arthropathologythe study of functional and structural changes made by diseases of the joints.asepticismthe preverttion of infection by such means as sterilization.ataxia, ataxyinability to coordinate bodily movements, especially movements of the muscles. See also order and disorder.avitaminosisany disease or illness caused by an insufficiency of one or more vitamins. — avitaminotic, adj.blennorrhea, blennorrhoeaan abnormal discharge of mucous matter. — blennorheal, blennorheic, blennorhoeal, blennorhoeic, adj.bromisma poisoning produced by excessive use of bromine or bromine compounds. Also brominism, bromidism.bulimia, boulimiaa raging hunger or voracious appetite. — bulimic, boulimic, bulimiac, boulimiac, adj.bulimorexia, boulimorexiaa psychological condition in which the person alternately gorges himself with food and fasts, often resorting to self-induced vomiting after gorging. — bulimorexic, boulimorexic, adj.cacesthesiaa morbid sensation or disordered sensibility.cacoethesa chronic and overwhelming desire; mania. — cacoethic, adj.calciphiliaa tendency to calcification.calenturea tropical f ever accompanied by delirium.carphologythe motions of delirious or senile patients, especially motions of searching for and grasping at imaginary objects, plucking at bedclothes, etc. Also called floccilation.caseationthe change in consistency of tissue to a soft, cheeselike form, as in tuberculosis.catabasisthe tapering-off of a disease. — catabatic, adj.catalepsyPathology, Psychiatry. a physical condition characterized by a loss of sensation, muscular rigidity, flxity of posture, and often by a loss of contact with surroundings. Also catalepsis. — cataleptic, adj.chalicosisa lung disease eaused by the breathing in of dust, especially stone dust.chloralisma sickness eaused by excessive use of chloral hydrate.chlorosisgreen sickness; a disease of girls in puberty, characterized by, among other symptoms, greenishness of the skin.choreaa disease of the nervous system characterized by jerky, involuntary movement; St. Vitus’s Dance.choromaniathe dancing sickness (epidemie chorea).cirrhosisa degenerative disease of the liver, marked by an excessive formation of tissue and contraction of the organ, usually brought on by chronic alcohol abuse. — cirrhotic, adj.clonisma state or condition in which the muscles undergo clonus, or rapid flexion and extension. — clonic, adj.coiyzaa condition of catarrh in the nose; a head cold.cyanopathycyanosis.cyanosisbluish discoloration of the skin caused by lack of oxygen in the bloodstream. Also cyanopathy. — cyanotic, adj.cypridophobiaan abnormal fear of venereal disease. Also called venereophobia.cytopathologyMedicine. the branch of pathology that studies the effects of disease on the cellular level. — cytopathologist, n. — cytopathologic, cytopathological, adj.delitescencethe sudden disappearance of symptoms or of objective signs of a lesion or disease. — delitescent, adj.diathesisa susceptibility to a certain disease. — diathetic, adj.digitalisman abnormal condition caused by excessive consumption of digitalis.diplegiaa form of paralysis in which similar parts on both sides of the body are affected. — diplegic, adj.Down’s syndromemongolism.dysidrosisa condition of abnormally excessive secretion of sweat.dysmenorrheaa condition of painful menstruation.dyspepsiaan impairment of the ability to digest food, usually a discomfort aftermeals. — dyspeptic, n., adj. — dyspeptical, adj.dysphagia, dysphagya condition in which there is difnculty in swallowing. — dysphagic, adj.dyspnea, dyspnoeaa condition of painful or difficult breathing. — dyspneic, dyspnoeic, adj.dystrophy, dystrophiaany of various diseases characterized by weakening or defective function of the process of nutrition, resulting in degeneration of the muscles. See also food and nutrition. — dystrophic, adj.dysuriadifficulty or pain in urinating.eclamptisma toxemia sometimes occurring in late pregnancy marked by Visual impairment, headache, and, occasionally, convulsions. Also eclampsia.ectasiathe swelling of a hollow organ of the body, as a vein.edemaabnormal collecting of fluids in the cells, tissues, and other parts of the body, causing swelling. — edematous, edematose, adj.emesisan act of vomiting. — emetic, adj.emmeniopathydisorder in the process of menstruation.empyemathe collecting of pus in one of the cavities of the body, especially in the cavity containing the lungs.epidemica disease that is widely prevalent in a particular area. — epidemical, adj. — epidemicity, n.epidemiographya work on epidemic diseases. — epidemiographer, epidemiographist, n. — epidemiographic, epidemiographical, adj.epigenesis1. the appearance of a secondary symptom in a disease or illness.
2. the secondary symptom itself. See also biology; geology. — epigenetic, adj.epilepsya disease of the nervous system characterized by convulsions, often leading to unconsciousness. — epileptic, n., adj.epitasisa period of violence in the course of a disease, especially a fever.epitheliomaa malignant tumor, found especially on the skin, mouth, larynx, and bladder. — epitheliomatous, adj.erethism1. an excessive irritability or sensibility to stimulation in any part of the body, especially the sexual organs.
2. a psychic disturbance characterized by irritability, emotional instability, depression, shyness, and fatigue, often caused by toxicity. — erethistic, erethitic, adj.erysipelasan infectious disease of the skin marked by inflammation and accompanied by fever.erythemaan abnormal red condition of the skin, the result of capillary congestion. — erythematous, adj.erythromelalgiaa disease of the hands and feet characterized by a purplish discoloration and a sensation of burning pain. — erythromelalgic, adj.erythrosisa pathological condition characterized by a reddish color of the skin and mucous membrane.etiolationpaleness of color as a result of illness or exclusion from light. See also plants.etiology, aetiology1. the branch of medical science that studies the causes of diseases and the factors underlying their spread.
2. the accumulated knowledge of disease causes. — etiologist, n. — etiologic, etiological, adj.exanthematologya treatise on or study of diseases characterized by eruptions or rashes, as smallpox or measles. — exanthematologic, exanthematological, adj.fabism, favisman acute anemia caused by the consumption of fava beans or the ingestion of fava pollen.febrifacientany substance that produces a fever.febrifugeantipyretic.floccilationcarphology.fluidisma theory that accounts for all diseases as related to the state of the fluids in the body. — fluidist, n.frambesia, framboesiaa contagious tropical disease. Also called yaws.gargoylisman abnormal physical condition characterized by extensive structural defects of the skeleton and by gross mental deficiency.gastricismdiseases and disorders of the stomach.glossitisan inflamed condition of the tongue. — glossitic, adj.glycophiliaa condition in which a small amount of glucose produces hyperglycemia.glycosuriapresence of glucose in the urine, as in diabetics. — glycosuric, adj.hemiplegiaa condition of paralysis in which one side of the body is affected. — hemiplegic, n., adj.hemophilia, haemophiliaan hereditary tendency, in males, toward a deficiency in coagulation factors in the blood. — hemophiliac, haemophiliac, n., adj.hepatitisan inflamed condition of the liver.herpetographya description of any of the skin diseases collectively referred to as herpes. — herpetographical, adj.hospitalisminfluences that adversely affect the mental and physical health of those being hospitalized.hyperdynamiaa state of excessive energy; abnormal nervous or muscular activity.hyperesthesia, hyperaesthesia1. an excessive sensitivity of skin in a particular area.
2. an excessive sensitivity of a particular sense, especially smell.
3. a heightened sensitivity to the environment. — hyperesthetic, hyperaesthetic, adj.hyperglycemiaa condition in which the level of glucose in the blood is abnormally high. — hyperglycemic, adj.hyperkinesia, hyperkinesisa condition of the body in which muscular movement is abnormally agitated. — hyperkinetic, adj.hyperpituitarisman abnormal condition of the pituitary gland that speeds up secretory activity and the growth of the endocrine organs. — hyperpituitary, adj.hyperpnearapid breathing; abnormally rapid respiration.hyperpyrexiaa condition of abnormally high fever. — hyperpyretic, adj.hyperthermia, hyperthermyan abnormally high fever, sometimes induced as treatment for disease.hyperthyroidisman abnormal thyroid condition distinguished by high metabolic rate and blood pressure and the enlargement of the thyroid. — hyperthyroid, adj.hypoglycemiaa condition in which the level of glucose in the blood is abnormally low. — hypoglycemic, adj.hypopituitarisman abnormal condition of the pituitary gland that slows down the growth of and secretory activity of the endocrine organs. — hypopituitary, adj.hypothermia, hypothermyan abnormally low body temperature, sometimes induced as treatment for disease.hypothyroidisman abnormal thyroid condition marked by a low metabolic rate and loss of stamina. — hypothyroid, adj.hysterocatalepsyhysteria accompanied by catalepsy.hysteroepilepsyhysteria accompanied by epilepsy. — hysteroepileptic, adj.hysteropathyany disease, illness, or disorder of the uterus.hystricisman extreme form of a skin disease in which the skin is covered with horny prominences. Sometimes called the “porcupine disease.”idiopathya disease or illness that is not occasioned or preceded by another. — idiopathic, adj.Iipomaa tumor consisting of fatty tissue. — lipomatous, adj.invalidisma condition of prolonged ill health.iodisma disease resulting from excessive intake of iodine or its compounds; iodine poisoning.ischialgiasciatica.isopathy1. the theory that the product of a disease can be used to cure that same disease, as in the treatment of smallpox with substance taken from the varioles.
2. the belief that a diseased organ can be cured by eating the corresponding organ from a healthy animal.laryngitisan inflamed condition of the larynx, producing a sore throat and sometimes loss of voice. — laryngitic, adj.leontiasisa form of leprosy in which the face comes to resemble that of a lion.leucodermia, leucodermaa congenital deficiency of skin pigmentation that resul ts in white patches over the surface of the skin.leucorrheaa white, mucous, vaginal discharge, usually the result of an infection of the vagina. Also called the whites.lienterya variety of diarrhea in which food is excreted either partially or wholly undigested. — lienteric, adj.lionismRare. a lionlike appearance of the face caused by leprosy; leontiasis.lipothymia, lipothymyfainting or a feeling of faintness; swooning; syncope. — lipothymic, lipothymous, adj.lithiasisa condition causing concretions of mineral salts, or calculi, in the pancreas, tear ducts, appendix, or kidneys.loimographythe branch of medicine dealing with the description of plagues. — loimographer, n. — loimographic, loimographical, adj.loimologyRare. the study of pestilential diseases and plagues.luetismthe venereal disease syphilis in any of three stages; lues. — luetic, adj.malariologyRare. the study of malaria. — malariologist, n.marasmus1. a wasting away or atrophying of the body in the absence of disease.
2. the progressive emaciation that results from malnutrition. — marasmic, adj.maturationsuppuration, or the formation and discharge of pus. — maturative, adj.melanopathia, melanopathy1. an abnormal increase in the amount of pigment deposited in the skin or tissues.
2. any disease characterized by this condition.melanuria1. abnormal darkness of the urine.
2. discharge of abnormally dark urine. — melanuric, adj.mercurialismchronic poisoning with mercury from either excessive medication or industrial exposure.merycismPathology. a rare disease in which food is chewed, swallowed, and then returned to the mouth and chewed again.mescalismaddiction to mescal, a narcotic derived from the cactus Lophophora williamsii.metabasisan alteration in the nature of a disease or in its treatment. Also metabola, metabole. — metabatic, adj.meteorismMedicine. a tendency to uncontrollable flatulence. Also called tympanites.molysomophobiaan abnormal fear of infection.mongolismMedicine. the abnormal condition of a child born mentally deficient, with a flattened skull, narrow slanting eyes, and a short, flat-bridged nose. Now usually called Down’s syndrome. — mongolic, adj.monopathya disease that affects only one part of the body.myiasisany disease resulting from infestation of the body tissues or cavities by flies.myxedema, myxoedemaa disease resulting from the decreased function of the thyroid, characterized by a slowing down of mental and physical activity and thickening and drying of the skin. — myxedematous, myxedoematous, adj.myxochondromamyxoma together with ehondroma. — myxochondromatous, adj.myxodenniaan acute disease characterized by ecchymoses, softening of the skin, and the contraction of certain muscles.myxolipomamyxoma together with lipoma.myxomaa soft tumor formed of gelatinous tissue. — myxomatous, adj.myxomatosisan infectious, highly fatal, virus disease of rabbits, transmitted by mosquitoes.narcolepsya condition characterized by an uncontrollable desire for sleep or sudden onsets of sleep. — narcoleptic, adj.nephritisany of various acute and chronic diseases of the kidneys involving inflammation, degeneration, etc. — nephritic, nephritical, adj.nicotinismthe condition produced by an excessive use of tobacco. Also called tabacism, tabagism, tobaccoism.nosographythe description of the symptoms and etiology of diseases. — nosographer, n. — nosographic, nosographical, adj.nosologythe branch of medical science that classifies diseases. Also nosonomy. — nosologist, n. — nosologic, nosological, adj.nosomaniaan obsession with imagined disease. Also hypochondriacism.nosonomynosology.nosophiliaan excessive, abnormal desire to be sick. Also called pathophilia.nosophobiaan abnormal fear of contracting disease.oligidriaa condition in which the body is deficient in the secretion of sweat.orthopnea, orthopnya respiratory ailment in which the sufferer can breathe only when standing upright. — orthopneic, adj.oxyesthesiaa condition in which the senses are abnormally sharp.palatoplegiaparalysis of the palate.paludismthe state of having symptoms of malaria characterized by high fever and chills.pandemia, pandemyan epidemic of unusually large proportions, affecting most of the inhabitants of a certain area at the same time. — pandemic, adj., n.pangermismthe theory that all disease is caused by germs.paragraphiaPathology. a form of aphasia in which the subject writes one word in place of another. — paragraphic, adj.paralysisloss of the ability to move or feel in part or all of the body, usually a result of nerve or muscle injury or dysfunction. — paralytic, paralytical, adj.paresisa state or process of partial paralysis. — paretic, adj.Parkinsonisma chronic condition of the nervous system marked especially by muscle tremors.parotitisa swollen or inflamed condition of the parotid. Also called mumps. — parotitic, adj.pathogenicitythe capacity of a microorganism to produce disease. — pathogenic, adj.pathology1. the branch of medical science that studies the origin, nature, and course of diseases.
2. the conditions and processes of a disease. — pathologist, n. — pathologic, pathological, adj.pathophilianosophilia.pathophobiaan abnormal fear of disease.pertussiswhooping cough. — pertussal, adj.pharmacomaniaa mania for medicines.pharyngisma spasm in the throat.phorologythe branch of medical science that studies disease carriers and epidemic or endemic diseases. — phorologist, n.phthisiologythe body of knowledge accumulated about tuberculosis.phthisiomaniaan abnormal interest in tuberculosis.phthisisany disease causing a wasting away of part or all of the body, especially tuberculosis; consumption. — phthisic, phthisical, adj.physiogenicsomatogenic.pneumoconiosisany of various chronic lung diseases caused by the inhalation of dust particles.pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosisa disease caused by the prolonged inhalation of fine siliceous dust. Also spelled pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis.pollinosishay f ever.polyphagia, polyphagyPathology. excessive appetite or excessive eating.poriomaniaan unconscious tendency to walk away from home; ambulatory automatism.prodromata(pl.) the symptoms that appear before the outbreak of a disease. Also called prodrome. — prodromatic, adj.psychogenesisthe appearance of physical symptoms as a result of emotional problems. — psychogenic, psychogenetic, adj.psychogenicitya medical theory that the cause of some illnesses is psychological and emotional and not organic. — psychogenic, adj.psychopathya disorder of the mind. — psychopathic, adj.pyretographya treatise describing fevers. — pyretographer, n. — pyretographic, adj.pyretologya branch of medical science that studies fevers and their treatment.pyrosisa burning feeling in the stomach and esophagus, sometimes accompanied by the belching of acid fluid; heartburn.recrudescencethe return of an illness after a period of remission. — recrudescent, adj.rheumatismany disorder of the connective tissue structures of the body, especially those in the back or the extremities, characterized by pain or stiffness. — rheumatic, adj.rheumatologythe branch of medical science that studies rheumatism. — rheumatologist, n.saniesa thin fluid, sometimes greenish, discharged from wounds or sores. — sanious, adj.sarcomaany of various malignant tumors formed in connective tissue. See also cancer. — sarcomatous, sarcomatoid, adj.sarcotnatosisa condition in which sarcomas spread throughout the body.sciaticaa painful condition in the region of the thighs and hips caused by neuritis of the sciatic nerve in the back of the thigh.sclerosisa hardening of body tissues or other parts, as by an excessive growth of fibrous connective tissue. See also plants — sclerotic, adj.scorbuticismthe condition of having scurvy. — scorbutic, adj.semeiographyPathology. the science of description of symptoms. — semeiographer, n. — semeiographic, semeiographical, adj.semeiologysymptomatology.sialism, sialismusexcessive salivation, often a sign of poisoning.siderosis1. a disease caused by the inhalation of iron particles.
2. an abnormal amount of iron deposits in the body.silicosisa disease of the lungs caused by prolonged inhalation of silica dust, an occupational disease of quarry-workers.sinapismthe use of mustard piaster for medical purposes.solidisma doctrine that relates all diseases to the state of the solid parts of the body. — solidist, n. — solidistic, adj.somatismthe belief that emotional and mental disorders are of physical origin and caused by bodily lesions. — somatist, n.somatogenicoriginating in the body or the cells of the body, as a disease. Also called physiogenic.spasmatomancya form of divination used to foretell disease by observing spasms or twitching of the potential sufferer’s body.spasmophiliaan extreme tendency to convulsions. — spasmophile, n.suppurationthe formation and discharge of pus. Also called maturation.symptomatology1. the branch of medical science that studies the symptoms of diseases.
2. the combined symptoms of a particular disease. Also called semeiology. — symptomatologic, symptomatological, adj.symptosisa gradual wasting away of the body or of any organ or part of the body.syntexisthe wasting of the body, as in consumption. — syntectic, syntectical, adj.tabacismnicotinism. Alsospelled tabagism.tabacosispoisoning or respiratory disease caused by tobacco smoking.tabescence1. the process of emaciation or wasting of the body.
2. the condition of being wasted or in decay, especially as a gradual process. — tabescent, adj.tabitudethe state of being affected by tabes or by gradual wasting or decay.tachypnea, tachypnoeaabnormally rapid breathing or respiration.tarantisma variety of dancing mania, popularly thought to be caused by the bite of a tarantula and to be cured by dancing.thrombophiliaa tendency to the occurrence of thrombosis or abnormal blood clotting.thyroidisma condition caused by overactivity of the thyroid gland or excessive doses of thyroid.tobaccoismnicotinism. Also tabacism, tabagism.tomomaniaan obsession with surgery.tomophobiaan abnormal fear of surgical operations.traumatophiliaa condition in which a patient takes a subconscious delight in injuries or surgical operations.trypanophobiaan abnormal fear of vaccines and vaccination. Also called vaccinophobia.tympanisman accumulation of gas in the abdominal tract that causes a distension of the abdomen. — tympanitic, adj.typhomaniathe delirium that accompanies typhus or typhoid fever.uridrosisa condition in which urine or its constituents appear in the perspiration.vaccinophobiatrypanophobia.valetudinarianismthe condition of being overly concerned with one’s health. — valetudinarian, n., adj.vanillisman itching condition caused by excessive handling of vanilla.venereophobiacypridophobia.virilism1. the early development of secondary masculine characteristics in a male.
2. the appearance of secondary masculine characteristics in a female. — virility, n.xanthomaa skin disease characterized by the formation of yellow neoplastic growths, affecting especially the eyelids. Also called xanthelasma. — xanthomatous, adj.xerostomiaan abnormal dryness of the mouth, caused by lack of normal secretion of saliva.zoonosisany disease of lower animals that may be transmitted to man. — zoonotic, adj.zymosis Rare.1. a process, similar to fermentation, thought to be the cause of infectious disease.
2. a disease so caused. See also fermentation — zymotic, adj. |