| 释义 |
dacryocystitis
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | dacryocystitis - inflammation of the lacrimal sac causing obstruction of the tube draining tears into the noseinflammation, redness, rubor - a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat |
TranslationsDacryocystitis
dacryocystitis[‚dak·rə‚sis′tīd·əs] (medicine) Inflammation of the lacrimal sac. Dacryocystitis inflammation of the lacrimal sac. Dacryocystitis develops as a result of constriction of the lacrimonasal canal and inhibition of drainage of the lacrimal fluid from the lacrimal sac. The condition is chronic. It is manifested in tearing, suppurative discharge from the affected eye, and swelling of the tear sac; when pressure is applied to the area a mucous or pussy fluid is discharged. If the inflammation spreads beyond the tear sac phlegmon may develop, accompanied by severe edema and soreness in the inner corner of the palpebral fissure. Surgical operation (restoring drainage from the tear sac) is used to treat the condition. dacryocystitis
Dacryocystitis DefinitionDacryocystitis is an inflammation of the tear sac (lacrimal sac) at the inner corner of the eye.DescriptionTears drain into little openings (puncta) in the inner corners of the eyelids. From there, the tears travel through little tube-like structures (canaliculi) to the lacrimal sac. The nasolacrimal ducts then take the tears from the lacrimal sac to the nose. That's why people need to blow their nose when they cry a lot.Dacryocystitis is usually caused by a blockage of the nasolacrimal duct, which allows fluid to drain into the nasal passages. When the lacrimal sac does not drain, bacteria can grow in the trapped fluid. This condition is most common in infants and people over 40 years old.Causes and symptomsIn newborn infants, the nasolacrimal duct may fail to form an opening-a condition called dacryostenosis. The cause of dacryocystitis in adults is usually associated with inflammation and infection in the nasal region. Dacryocystitis can be acute, having a sudden onset, or it can be chronic, with symptoms occurring over the course of weeks or months. Symptoms of acute dacryocystitis can include pain, redness, tearing, and swelling at the inner corner of the eye by the nose. In chronic dacryocystitis, the eye area may be swollen, watery or teary, and, when pressure is applied to the area, there may be a discharge of pus or mucus through the punctum.DiagnosisDacryocystitis usually occurs in only one eye. As mentioned, the symptoms can range from watery eyes, pain, swelling, and redness to a discharge of pus when pressure is applied to the area between the bridge of the nose and the inner eyelids. A sample of the pus may be collected on a swab or in a tube for laboratory analysis. The type of antibiotic and treatment may depend on which bacteria is present. In the acute form, a blood test may reveal an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count; with a chronic infection, the WBC count is usually normal. To identify the exact location of the blockage, an x ray can be taken after a dye is injected into the duct in a procedure called dacryocystography.TreatmentA warm compress applied to the area can help relieve pain and promote drainage. Topical and oral antibiotics may be prescribed if an infection is present. Intravenous antibiotics may be needed if the infection is severe. In some cases, a tiny tube (cannula) is inserted into the tear duct which is then flushed with a sterile salt water solution (sterile saline). If other treatments fail to clear up the symptoms, surgery (dacryocystorhinostomy) to drain the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity can be performed. In extreme cases, the lacrimal sac will be removed completely.In infants, gentle massage of the lacrimal sac four times daily for up to nine months can drain the sac and sometimes clear a blockage. As the infant grows, the duct may open by itself. If the duct does not open, it may need to be dilated with a minor surgical procedure.PrognosisTreatment of dacryocystitis with antibiotics is usually successful in clearing the infection that is present. If there is a permanent blockage that prevents drainage, infection may recur and surgery may be required to open the duct. If left untreated, the infected sac can rupture, forming an open, draining sore.PreventionThere are no specific recommendations for the prevention of dacryocystitis, however, good hygiene may decrease the chances of infection.ResourcesBooksGorbach, Sherwood L., John G. Bartlett, and Neil R. Blacklow, editors. "Dacryocystitis." In Infectious Diseases. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1998.Key termsCanaliculi — Also known as lacrimal ducts, these tube-like structures carry the tears from the eyes to the lacrimal sac.Cannula — A narrow tube that can be inserted into a duct.Dacryocystography — An x ray of the tear duct after injection of a dye that is used to help locate a blockage in the duct.Dacryocystorhinostomy — A surgical procedure to drain the tear sac into the nasal passage.Dacryostenosis — Obstruction or narrowing of the nasolacrimal duct. May be present at birth.Nasoacrimal duct — The tube that carries the tears from the lacrimal sac to the nose.Punctum — Tiny opening at the inner corners of the upper and lower lids. The area for the beginning of tear drainage.dacryocystitis [dak″re-o-sis-ti´tis] inflammation of the lacrimal sac.dac·ry·o·cys·ti·tis (dak'rē-ō-sis-tī'tis), Inflammation of the lacrimal sac. [dacryocyst + G. -itis, inflammation] dac·ry·o·cys·ti·tis (dak'rē-ō-sis-tī'tis) Inflammation of the lacrimal sac. [dacryocyst + G. -itis, inflammation]dacryocystitis Inflammation of the tear sac (lacrimal sac) which lies in the eye socket (ORBIT), between the inner corner of the eye and the nose. Inflammation causes permanent obstruction of tear drainage and a watering eye but this can be corrected by surgery.dacryocystitisInflammation of the lacrimal sac. It is a rare condition, which may occur when there is a blockage of the nasolacrimal drainage system. The acute type gives rise to redness, tenderness and swelling below the lid margin, while in the chronic type there is epiphora and with pressure on the lacrimal sac pus will come out of the punctum. Treatment includes broad-spectrum antibiotics and warm compresses but surgery may be needed in the chronic type. See lacrimal fistula; lacrimal apparatus.dacryocystitis
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