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endocrine gland
 endocrine glandendocrine glandsA. thyroidB. pituitary glandC. pineal glandD. thymusE. adrenal glandsF. pancreasG. ovaries (female)H. testes (male)endocrine glandn. Any of various glands producing hormonal secretions that pass directly into the bloodstream. The endocrine glands include the thyroid, parathyroids, anterior and posterior pituitary, pancreas, adrenals, pineal, and gonads. Also called ductless gland.endocrine gland n (Anatomy) any of the glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, including the pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, testes, ovaries, and the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Also called: ductless gland en′docrine gland`
n. any gland, as the thyroid, adrenal, or pituitary gland, that secretes hormones into the blood or lymph; ductless gland. [1910–15] en·do·crine gland (ĕn′də-krĭn, ĕn′də-krēn′) Any gland of the body that produces hormones and secretes them directly into the bloodstream. In mammals, the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and pituitary gland, as well as the ovary, testis, and pancreas are all endocrine glands. ♦ The group of endocrine glands together with the hormones they secrete is known as the endocrine system. See Note at hormone.endocrine glandA ductless gland that secretes hormones.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  endocrine gland - any of the glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstreamductless gland, endocrinegland, secreter, secretor, secretory organ - any of various organs that synthesize substances needed by the body and release it through ducts or directly into the bloodstreamendocrine system - the system of glands that produce endocrine secretions that help to control bodily metabolic activitythyroid, thyroid gland - located near the base of the neckparathyroid, parathyroid gland - any one of four endocrine glands situated above or within the thyroid glandadrenal, adrenal gland, suprarenal gland - either of a pair of complex endocrine glands situated near the kidneyprostate, prostate gland - a firm partly muscular chestnut sized gland in males at the neck of the urethra; produces a viscid secretion that is the fluid part of sementhymus gland, thymus - a ductless glandular organ at the base of the neck that produces lymphocytes and aids in producing immunity; atrophies with agehypophysis, pituitary, pituitary body, pituitary gland - the master gland of the endocrine system; located at the base of the brainadenohypophysis, anterior pituitary, anterior pituitary gland - the anterior lobe of the pituitary body; primarily glandular in naturepars anterior, pars distilis - the anterior part of the anterior pituitarypars intermedia - a thin piece of tissue that has become part of the posterior pituitaryneurohypophysis, pars nervosa, posterior pituitary, posterior pituitary gland - the posterior lobe of the pituitary body; primarily glandular in natureepiphysis cerebri, pineal body, pineal gland, epiphysis - a small endocrine gland in the brain; situated beneath the back part of the corpus callosum; secretes melatoninislands of Langerhans, isles of Langerhans, islets of Langerhans - cell clusters in the pancreas that form the endocrine part of that organ; secrete insulin and other hormonesadrenal cortex - the cortex of the adrenal gland; secretes corticosterone and sex hormonesadrenal medulla - the medulla of the adrenal gland; secretes epinephrinecorpus luteum - yellow endocrine tissue that forms in a ruptured Graafian follicle following the release of an ovum; it degenerates after a few days unless pregnancy has begungonad, sex gland - a gland in which gametes (sex cells) are produced |
Translationsendocrine gland
endocrine gland Med any of the glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, including the pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, testes, ovaries, and the pancreatic islets of Langerhans endocrine gland[′en·də·krən ‚gland] (physiology) A ductless structure whose secretion (hormone) is passed into adjacent tissue and then to the bloodstream either directly or by way of the lymphatics. Also known as ductless gland. endocrine gland
endocrine glandn. Any of various glands producing hormonal secretions that pass directly into the bloodstream. The endocrine glands include the thyroid, parathyroids, anterior and posterior pituitary, pancreas, adrenals, pineal, and gonads. Also called ductless gland. ENDOCRINE SYSTEMendocrine glandOne of two broad categories of glands; exocrine glands are the complementary category. Endocrine glands, e.g., the thyroid gland, are ductless glands that secrete macromolecules, called hormones, directly into the bloodstream, and such glands are richly supplied by blood capillaries. The endocrine glands include the adrenals, the parathyroids, the pineal, the pituitary, and the thyroid. Major clusters of endocrine tissue are also found in the gastrointestinal tract, the hypothalamus, the ovaries, the pancreas, the testes, and the placenta. In addition, chromaffin and other neuroendocrine cells are found individually and in small clusters throughout the body. See: illustration; table The hormones produced by endocrine cells regulate the body's salt, water, mineral, and glucose levels; they adjust the body's metabolic balances, growth rates, and reproductive cycles; and they maintain the body's stress responses. Like exocrine and paracrine cells, endocrine cells are stimulated and inhibited by autonomic axons; the activities of endocrine cells are also modulated by circulating hormones, especially pituitary hormones. Both the neural and the hormonal signals to the endocrine system are ultimately regulated by the hypothalamus of the brain, which is the integration center for the body's visceral homeostasis. See: hormone Endocrine health disorders usually result from the production of either too much or too little of a hormone. | Name | Position | Function | Endocrine Disorders |
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| Adrenal cortex | Outer portion of gland on top of each kidney | Cortisol regulates carbohydrate and fat metabolism; aldosterone regulates salt and water balance | Hypofunction: Addison disease | | Hyperfunction: Adrenogenital syndrome; Cushing syndrome | | Adrenal medulla | Inner portion of adrenal gland; surrounded by adrenal cortex | Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine mimic those of sympathetic nervous system; increases carbohydrate use for energy | Hypofunction: Almost unknown | | Hyperfunction: Pheochromocytoma | | Pancreas (endocrine portion) | Abdominal cavity; head adjacent to duodenum; tail close to spleen and kidney | Secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate carbohydrate metabolism | Hypofunction: Diabetes mellitus | | Hyperfunction: If a tumor produces excess insulin, hypoglycemia | | Parathyroid | Four or more small glands on back of thyroid | Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism; indirectly affects muscular irritability | Hypofunction: Hypocalcemia; tetany | | Hyperfunction: Hypercalcemia; resorption of bone; kidney stones; nausea; vomiting; altered mental status | | Pituitary, anterior | Front portion of small gland below hypothalamus | Influences growth, sexual development, skin pigmentation, thyroid function, adrenocortical function through effects on other endocrine glands (except for growth hormone, which acts directly on cells) | Hypofunction: Dwarfism in child; decrease in all other endocrine gland functions except parathyroids | | Hyperfunction: Acromegaly in adult; giantism in child | | Pituitary, posterior | Back portion of small gland below hypothalamus | Oxytocin increases uterine contraction | Hypofunction: Diabetes insipidus | | Antidiuretic hormone increases absorption of water by kidney tubule | Hyperfunction: Unknown | | Testes and ovaries | Testes—in the scrotum | Testosterone and estrogen regulate sexual maturation and development of secondary sex characteristics; some effects on growth | Hypofunction: Lack of sex development or regression in adult | | Ovaries—in the pelvic cavity | Hyperfunction: Abnormal sex development | | Thyroid | Two lobes in anterior portion of neck | Thyroxine and T3 increase metabolic rate; influence growth and maturation; calcitonin regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism | Hypofunction: Cretinism in young; myxedema in adult; goiter | | Hyperfunction: Goiter; thyrotoxicosis |
See also: glandendocrine gland or ductless gland the glands of internal secretion, which shed their secretions (HORMONES) directly into the blood or lymphatic systems.Endocrine glandA ductless gland, such as the pituitary, thyroid, or adrenal gland, that secretes its products directly into the blood or lymph.Mentioned in: Anxietyendocrine gland
Related to endocrine gland: pituitary glandSynonyms for endocrine glandnoun any of the glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstreamSynonymsRelated Words- gland
- secreter
- secretor
- secretory organ
- endocrine system
- thyroid
- thyroid gland
- parathyroid
- parathyroid gland
- adrenal
- adrenal gland
- suprarenal gland
- prostate
- prostate gland
- thymus gland
- thymus
- hypophysis
- pituitary
- pituitary body
- pituitary gland
- adenohypophysis
- anterior pituitary
- anterior pituitary gland
- pars anterior
- pars distilis
- pars intermedia
- neurohypophysis
- pars nervosa
- posterior pituitary
- posterior pituitary gland
- epiphysis cerebri
- pineal body
- pineal gland
- epiphysis
- islands of Langerhans
- isles of Langerhans
- islets of Langerhans
- adrenal cortex
- adrenal medulla
- corpus luteum
- gonad
- sex gland
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