Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle


Granvelle, Antoine Perrenot de

 

(also Granvela, Antoine Perrenot de). Born Aug. 20, 1517, in Besançon; died Sept. 21, 1586, in Madrid. Spanish statesman, cardinal (1561).

From 1559 to 1564, Granyelle was the closest adviser of the Spanish regent in the Netherlands, Margaret of Parma. He carried out a policy directed at the enslavement and plundering of the Netherlands. Granvelle’s policy provoked indignation in the country and he was recalled to Spain. He was viceroy of Naples from 1571 to 1575, and after 1575 he was an especially trusted adviser of the Spanish king Philip II.