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Dalton's law
Dalton's law n (Chemistry) the principle that the pressure exerted by a mixture of gases in a fixed volume is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it occupied the whole volume. Also called: Dalton's law of partial pressures [C19: named after John Dalton]Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | Dalton's law - (chemistry) law stating that when two elements can combine to form more than one compound the amounts of one of them that combines with a fixed amount of the other will exhibit a simple multiple relationlaw of multiple proportionslaw of nature, law - a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature; "the laws of thermodynamics"chemical science, chemistry - the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions | | 2. | Dalton's law - (chemistry and physics) law stating that the pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture; the pressure of a gas in a mixture equals the pressure it would exert if it occupied the same volume alone at the same temperatureDalton's law of partial pressures, law of partial pressureslaw of nature, law - a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature; "the laws of thermodynamics"chemical science, chemistry - the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactionsnatural philosophy, physics - the science of matter and energy and their interactions; "his favorite subject was physics" |
Dalton's law
Dalton's law [for John DaltonDalton, John
, 1766–1844, English scientist. He revived the atomic theory (see atom), which he formulated in the first volume of his New System of Chemical Philosophy (2 vol., 1808–27).
..... Click the link for more information. ], physical law that states that the total pressure exerted by a homogeneous mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. The partial pressure of a gas is the pressure it would exert if all the other gases in the mixture were absent.Dalton's law The total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of each gas in the mixture. The law was established by John Dalton (1766–1844). In his original formulation, the partial pressure of a gas is the pressure of the gas if it alone occupied the container at the same temperature. Dalton's law may be expressed as P = PA + PB + · · ·, where PJ is the partial pressure of the gas J, and P is the total pressure of the mixture; this formulation is strictly valid only for mixtures of ideal gases. For real gases, the total pressure is not the sum of the partial pressures (except in the limit of zero pressure) because of interactions between the molecules. In modern physical chemistry the partial pressure is defined as PJ = xJP, where xJ is the mole fraction of the gas J, the ratio of its amount in moles to the total number of moles of gas molecules present in the mixture. With this definition, the total pressure of a mixture of any kind of gases is the sum of their partial pressures. However, only for an ideal gas is the partial pressure (as defined here) the pressure that the gas would exert if it alone occupied the container. See Kinetic theory of matter, Thermodynamic principles Dalton's law[′dȯl·tənz ‚lȯ] (physics) The law that the pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases composing it. Also known as law of partial pressures. Dalton's law
Dalton's law [dawl´tonz] the pressure exerted by a mixture of nonreacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the separate components; it holds true only at very low pressures.Dalton's law [John Dalton, Brit. chemist, 1766–1844] A law that states that, in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas.LegalSeelawDalton's law
Related to Dalton's law: Henry's law, Graham's law, Dalton's atomic theory, Raoult's lawSynonyms for Dalton's lawnoun (chemistry) law stating that when two elements can combine to form more than one compound the amounts of one of them that combines with a fixed amount of the other will exhibit a simple multiple relationSynonyms- law of multiple proportions
Related Words- law of nature
- law
- chemical science
- chemistry
noun (chemistry and physics) law stating that the pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixtureSynonyms- Dalton's law of partial pressures
- law of partial pressures
Related Words- law of nature
- law
- chemical science
- chemistry
- natural philosophy
- physics
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