back

back¹

B0009500 (băk)n.1. a. The part of the trunk of the human body along and to the sides of the spine between the neck and the pelvis; the dorsum.b. The analogous dorsal region in other animals.2. The backbone or spine.3. The part or area farthest from the front.4. The part opposite to or behind that adapted for view or use: the back of the hand; wrote on the back of the photograph.5. The reverse side, as of a coin.6. A part that supports or strengthens from the rear: the back of a couch.7. a. The part of a book where the pages are stitched or glued together into the binding.b. The binding itself.8. Sports a. A player who takes a position behind the front line of other players in certain games, such as football and soccer.b. In swimming, backstroke.v. backed, back·ing, backs v.tr.1. To cause to move backward or in a reverse direction: Back the car up and then make the turn.2. To furnish or strengthen with a back or backing.3. a. To provide with financial or material support: Unions backed the pro-labor candidate.b. To lend moral support to, as by corroborating a claim. Often used with up: I'm not comfortable filing a complaint if you won't back me up.c. To be in favor of; endorse or advocate: backed the reform proposal. See Synonyms at support.4. To provide with musical accompaniment. Often used with up.5. To bet or wager on.6. To adduce evidence in support of; substantiate: backed the argument with facts.7. To form the back or background of: Snowcapped mountains back the village.v.intr.1. To move backward: backed out of the garage.2. To shift to a counterclockwise direction. Used of the wind.adj.1. Located or placed in the rear: Deliveries should be made at the back entrance.2. Distant from a center of activity; remote.3. Of a past date; not current: a back issue of a periodical.4. Being owed or due from an earlier time; in arrears: back pay.5. Being in a backward direction: a back step.6. Linguistics Pronounced with the back of the tongue, as oo in cool. Used of vowels.adv.1. At, to, or toward the rear or back.2. In, to, or toward a former location: went back for the class reunion.3. In, to, or toward a former condition: When the spell broke, the prince turned back into a frog.4. In, to, or toward a past time: This story goes back to the 1920s.5. In reserve or concealment: We kept back some money for emergencies.6. In check or under restraint: Barriers held the crowd back.7. In reply or return: emailed back that he would be late.Phrasal Verbs: back away To withdraw from a position; retreat. back down To withdraw from a position, opinion, or commitment. back off To retreat or draw away. back out1. To withdraw from something before completion.2. To fail to keep a commitment or promise. back up1. To cause to accumulate or undergo accumulation: The accident backed the traffic up for blocks. Traffic backed up in the tunnel.2. Computers To make a backup of (a program or file).Idioms: back and fill1. Nautical To maneuver a vessel in a narrow channel by adjusting the sails so as to let the wind in and out of them in alteration.2. To vacillate in one's actions or decisions. back to back Consecutively and without interruption: presented three speeches back to back. behind (one's) back In one's absence or without one's knowledge. have got (someone's) back To be prepared or ready to support or vouch for someone, as in a crisis. have (one's) back up To be angry or irritated. off (someone's) back No longer nagging or urging someone to do something. on (someone's) back Persistently nagging or urging someone to do something.

[Middle English bak, from Old English bæc.]

back′less adj.

back²

B0009500 (băk)n. A shallow vat or tub used chiefly by brewers.

[Dutch bak, from French bac, from Old French, boat, from Vulgar Latin *baccus, vessel, probably of Celtic origin.]

back

(bæk) n1. (Anatomy) the posterior part of the human body, extending from the neck to the pelvis. 2. (Zoology) the corresponding or upper part of an animal3. (Anatomy) the spinal column4. the part or side of an object opposite the front5. the part or side of anything less often seen or used: the back of a carpet; the back of a knife. 6. the part or side of anything that is furthest from the front or from a spectator: the back of the stage. 7. the convex part of something: the back of a hill; the back of a ship. 8. something that supports, covers, or strengthens the rear of an object9. (Ball Games, other than specified) ball games a. a mainly defensive player behind a forwardb. the position of such a player10. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) the part of a book to which the pages are glued or that joins the covers11. (Mining & Quarrying) mining a. the side of a passage or layer nearest the surfaceb. the earth between that level and the next12. (General Engineering) the upper surface of a joist, rafter, slate, tile, etc, when in position. Compare bed¹³13. at one's back behind, esp in support or pursuit14. at the back of one's mind not in one's conscious thoughts15. behind one's back without one's knowledge; secretly or deceitfully16. break one's back to overwork or work very hard17. break the back of to complete the greatest or hardest part of (a task)18. on one's back flat on one's back incapacitated, esp through illness19. get off someone's back informal to stop criticizing or pestering someone20. have on one's back to be burdened with21. on someone's back informal criticizing or pestering someone22. put one's back into to devote all one's strength to (a task)23. put someone's back up get someone's back up to annoy someone24. see the back of to be rid of25. back of beyond a. the back of beyond a very remote placeb. Austral in such a place (esp in the phrase out back of beyond)26. turn one's back on a. to turn away from in anger or contemptb. to refuse to help; abandon27. with one's back to the wall in a difficult or desperate situationvb (mainly tr) 28. (also intr) to move or cause to move backwards29. to provide support, money, or encouragement for (a person, enterprise, etc)30. (Gambling, except Cards) to bet on the success of: to back a horse. 31. to provide with a back, backing, or lining32. (Music, other) to provide with a music accompaniment: a soloist backed by an orchestra. 33. to provide a background for; be at the back of: mountains back the town. 34. (Commerce) to countersign or endorse35. (Horse Training, Riding & Manège) archaic to mount the back of36. (intr; foll by on or onto) to have the back facing (towards): the house backs onto a river. 37. (Physical Geography) (intr) (of the wind) to change direction in an anticlockwise direction in the northern hemisphere and a clockwise direction in the southern. See veer¹^3a38. (Nautical Terms) nautical to position (a sail) so that the wind presses on its opposite side39. (Nautical Terms) nautical to manoeuvre the sails by alternately filling and emptying them of wind to navigate in a narrow place40. to vacillate in one's opinionadj (prenominal) 41. situated behind: a back lane. 42. of the past: back issues of a magazine. 43. (Commerce) owing from an earlier date: back rent. 44. chiefly US and Austral and NZ remote: back country. 45. (of a road) not direct46. moving in a backward direction: back current. 47. (Phonetics & Phonology) phonetics of, relating to, or denoting a vowel articulated with the tongue retracted towards the soft palate, as for the vowels in English hard, fall, hot, full, fooladv48. at, to, or towards the rear; away from something considered to be the front; backwards; behind49. in, to, or towards the original starting point, place, or condition: to go back home; put the book back; my headache has come back. 50. in or into the past: to look back on one's childhood. 51. in reply, repayment, or retaliation: to hit someone back; pay back a debt; to answer back. 52. in check: the dam holds back the water. 53. in concealment; in reserve: to keep something back; to hold back information. 54. back and forth to and fro55. back to front a. in reverseb. in disorder[Old English bæc; related to Old Norse bak, Old Frisian bek, Old High German bah]

back

(bæk) n (Brewing) a large tub or vat, esp one used by brewers[C17: from Dutch bak tub, cistern, from Old French bac, from Vulgar Latin bacca (unattested) vessel for liquids]

back¹

(bæk)

n. 1. the rear part of the human body, from the neck to the end of the spine. 2. the part of the body of animals corresponding to the human back. 3. the rear portion of any part of the body: the back of the head. 4. the part opposite to or farthest from the front; rear: the back of a hall. 5. the part that forms the rear of any object or structure. 6. the part covering the back: the back of a jacket. 7. the spine or backbone: The fall broke his back. 8. any rear part of an object serving to support, protect, etc.: the back of a chair. 9. the side of an object that is less functional, less often seen, etc.: the back of an envelope. 10. the whole body, with reference to clothing: the clothes on one's back. 11. ability for labor; effort; endurance: to put one's back to a task. 12. the edge of a book formed where its sections are bound together. 13. (in various sports, as football) a. a player stationed to the rear of front-line play. b. the position so occupied. v.t. 14. to support, as with authority, influence, help, or money: to back a candidate. 15. to bet on: to back a horse in the race. 16. to cause to move backward (often fol. by up): to back a car into a garage. 17. to furnish with a back: to back a book. 18. to lie at the back of; form a back or background for. 19. to provide with an accompaniment: a singer backed by piano and bass. 20. to get upon the back of; mount. 21. to write or print on the back of; endorse; countersign. v.i. 22. to go or move backward (often fol. by up). 23. (of wind) to change direction counterclockwise (opposed to veer). 24. back away, to retreat; withdraw. 25. back down, to abandon an argument or position. 26. back off, a. to move back from something; retreat. b. to back down. 27. back out, to fail to keep an engagement or promise; withdraw. 28. back up, a. to move or cause to move backward. b. to reinforce. c. to support or confirm. d. to bring (a stream of traffic) to a standstill. e. to accumulate or become clogged due to a stoppage. f. to copy (a computer file or program) as a precaution against failure. adj. 29. situated at or in the rear: the back door. 30. far away or removed from the front or main area, position, or rank; remote: back streets. 31. of or belonging to the past: back issues of a magazine. 32. in arrears; overdue: back pay. 33. coming or going back; moving backward: back current. 34. (of a speech sound) articulated with the tongue in the back part of the mouth, as either of the sounds of go. Idioms: 1. back and fill, a. to trim the sails of a boat so that the wind strikes them first on the forward and then on the after side. b. to change one's opinion or position; vacillate. 2. be (flat) on one's back, to be ill, helpless, or overcome by circumstances. 3. behind one's back, without one's knowledge, esp. treacherously or secretly. 4. break the back of, to conquer the most difficult or resistant part of: to break the back of urban crime. 5. get one's back up, to become annoyed; take offense. 6. have one's back to the wall, to be in a difficult or hopeless situation. 7. (in) back of, at the rear of; behind. 8. on someone's back, Informal. nagging or criticizing someone. [before 1000; Middle English bak, Old English bæc back of the body, c. Old Frisian bek, Old Saxon, Old Norse bak; perhaps < Indo-European *bhogo- bending; compare bacon] back′less, adj. syn: back, hind, posterior, rear refer to something situated behind something else. back means the opposite of front: a back window. hind, and the more formal word posterior, refer to the rearmost of two or more, often similar objects: hind wings; posterior lobe. rear is used of buildings, conveyances, etc., and in military language it is the opposite of fore: the rear end of a truck; rear echelon. usage: Although some object to their use, the phrases in back of and the shorter - and much older - back of with the meaning “behind” are fully established as standard in American English: They played(in)back of the house. Both phrases occur in all types of speech and writing, though behind may be easily substituted if desired.

back²

(bæk)

adv. 1. at, to, or toward the rear; backward: to step back. 2. in or toward the past: to look back on one's youth. 3. at or toward the original starting point, place, or condition: to go back to one's home town; to put a coat back on. 4. in direct payment or return: to pay back a loan; to answer back. 5. in a state of restraint or retention: to hold back tears; to hold back salary. 6. in a reclining position: to lean back; to lie back. 7. go back on, a. to fail to keep; renege on: to go back on a promise. b. to be faithless to; betray. Idioms: back and forth, a. backward and forward; to and fro. b. from side to side. c. from one to the other. [1480–90; aph. form of aback]

back

1. used with an intransitive verb

You use back with an intransitive verb to say that someone returns to a place where they were before.

In six weeks we've got to go back to West Africa.I went back to the kitchen.I'll come back after dinner.2. 'be back'

In conversation, instead of saying that someone will 'come back', you often say that they will be back.

I imagine he'll be back for lunch.Pete will be back from holiday next week.

Be Careful!
You never use 'back' with the verb return. You do not say, for example, 'He returned back to his office'. You say 'He returned to his office'.

I returned from the Middle East in 1956.3. used with a transitive verb

You use back with a transitive verb to say that someone or something is taken or sent to a place where they were before. Back usually goes after the direct object.

We brought Dolly back.He took the tray back.

When the direct object is a pronoun, back always goes after it.

I brought him back to my room.She put it back on the shelf.

However, when the direct object is a long noun group, or a noun group followed by a relative clause, you put back in front of the noun group.

He recently sent back his rented television set.He put back the silk sock which had fallen out of the drawer.He went to the market and brought back fresh food which he cooked at home.4. returning to a former state

Back can also be used to say that someone or something returns to a state they were in before.

He went back to sleep....a £30 million plant which will turn all the waste back into sulphuric acid.5. used as a noun

Back is also a noun. Your back is the part of your body from your neck to your waist that is on the opposite side to your chest and stomach.

We lay on our backs under the ash tree.She tapped him on the back.

The back of an object is the side or part that is towards the rear or farthest from the front.

Many relatives sat at the back of the room, some visibly upset.Keep some long-life milk at the back of your refrigerator.

The back of a door is the side which faces into a room or cupboard.

Pin your food list on the back of the larder door.

The back of a piece of paper is the side which has no writing on, or the side which you look at second.

Sign on the back of the prescription form.

Note that in British English you do not talk about the 'back side' of a door or piece of paper. However, in American English, this construction is common.

Be sure to read the back side of this sheet.

back

Past participle: backed
Gerund: backing

Imperative
back
back

Present
I back
you back
he/she/it backs
we back
you back
they back

Preterite
I backed
you backed
he/she/it backed
we backed
you backed
they backed

Present Continuous
I am backing
you are backing
he/she/it is backing
we are backing
you are backing
they are backing

Present Perfect
I have backed
you have backed
he/she/it has backed
we have backed
you have backed
they have backed

Past Continuous
I was backing
you were backing
he/she/it was backing
we were backing
you were backing
they were backing

Past Perfect
I had backed
you had backed
he/she/it had backed
we had backed
you had backed
they had backed

Future
I will back
you will back
he/she/it will back
we will back
you will back
they will back

Future Perfect
I will have backed
you will have backed
he/she/it will have backed
we will have backed
you will have backed
they will have backed

Future Continuous
I will be backing
you will be backing
he/she/it will be backing
we will be backing
you will be backing
they will be backing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been backing
you have been backing
he/she/it has been backing
we have been backing
you have been backing
they have been backing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been backing
you will have been backing
he/she/it will have been backing
we will have been backing
you will have been backing
they will have been backing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been backing
you had been backing
he/she/it had been backing
we had been backing
you had been backing
they had been backing

Conditional
I would back
you would back
he/she/it would back
we would back
you would back
they would back

Past Conditional
I would have backed
you would have backed
he/she/it would have backed
we would have backed
you would have backed
they would have backed

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	back - the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine; "his back was nicely tanned"dorsumsaddle - posterior part of the back of a domestic fowlbody part - any part of an organism such as an organ or extremitytorso, trunk, body - the body excluding the head and neck and limbs; "they moved their arms and legs and bodies"small - the slender part of the backlat, latissimus dorsi - a broad flat muscle on either side of the backdorsal vertebra, thoracic vertebra - one of 12 vertebrae in the human vertebral column; thoracic vertebrae extend from the seventh cervical vertebra down to the first lumbar vertebralumbar vertebra - one of 5 vertebrae in the human vertebral column; lumbar vertebrae extend from the twelfth thoracic vertebra down to the sacral vertebrae
	2.	back - the side that goes last or is not normally seen; "he wrote the date on the back of the photograph"rearside - an extended outer surface of an object; "he turned the box over to examine the bottom side"; "they painted all four sides of the house"after part, stern, poop, tail, quarter - the rear part of a shipempennage, tail assembly, tail - the rear part of an aircraft
	3.	back - the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer; "he stood at the back of the stage"; "it was hidden in the rear of the store"rearposition, place - the particular portion of space occupied by something; "he put the lamp back in its place"front - the part of something that is nearest to the normal viewer; "he walked to the front of the stage"
	4.	back - (football) a person who plays in the backfieldfootball, football game - any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goalflanker, flanker back - a back stationed wide of the scrimmage line; used as a pass receiverfootball player, footballer - an athlete who plays American footballfield general, quarterback, signal caller - (football) the person who plays quarterbackrunning back - (football) a back on the offensive team (a fullback or halfback) who tries to advance the ball by carrying it on plays from the line of scrimmagetailback - (American football) the person who plays tailbackwingback - (football) the person who plays wingback
	5.	back - the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord; "the fall broke his back"spinal column, spine, vertebral column, rachis, backbonenotochord - a flexible rodlike structure that forms the supporting axis of the body in the lowest chordates and lowest vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrateschine - backbone of an animalcanalis vertebralis, spinal canal, vertebral canal - the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passescoccyx, tail bone - the end of the vertebral column in humans and tailless apesvertebra - one of the bony segments of the spinal columnintervertebral disc, intervertebral disk - a fibrocartilaginous disc serving as a cushion between all of the vertebrae of the spinal column (except between the first two)skeletal structure - any structure created by the skeleton of an organismaxial skeleton - the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs
	6.	back - the protective covering on the front, back, and spine of a book; "the book had a leather binding"book binding, cover, bindingbook, volume - physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together; "he used a large book as a doorstop"half binding - book binding in which the spine and part of the sides are bound in one material and the rest in anotherprotective cover, protective covering, protection - a covering that is intend to protect from damage or injury; "they had no protection from the fallout"; "wax provided protection for the floors"three-quarter binding - the spine and much of the sides are a different material from the rest of the cover
	7.	back - the part of a garment that covers the back of your body; "they pinned a `kick me' sign on his back"cloth covering - a covering made of cloth
	8.	back - a support that you can lean against while sitting; "the back of the dental chair was adjustable"backrestcantle - the back of a saddle seatcar seat - a seat in a carchair - a seat for one person, with a support for the back; "he put his coat over the back of the chair and sat down"ladder-back - the backrest of a chair that consists of two uprights with connecting slatssupport - any device that bears the weight of another thing; "there was no place to attach supports for a shelf"
	9.	back - (American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmageAmerican football, American football game - a game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) playsposition - (in team sports) the role assigned to an individual player; "what position does he play?"line backer, linebacker - (American football) the position of a defensive football player who plays close behind the line of scrimmagefield general, quarterback, signal caller - (American football) the position of the football player in the backfield who directs the offensive play of his team; "quarterback is the most important position on the team"fullback - (American football) the position of a back on a football teamhalfback - (American football) the position of a back on a football teamtailback - (American football) the position of the offensive back on a football team who lines up farthest from the line of scrimmagewingback - (American football) the position of the offensive back who lines up behind or outside the endbackfield - the offensive football players who line up behind the linemensecondary - the defensive football players who line up behind the linemen
Verb	1.	back - be behind; approve of; "He plumped for the Labor Party"; "I backed Kennedy in 1960"endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, supportapprove, O.K., okay, sanction - give sanction to; "I approve of his educational policies"warrant, guarantee - stand behind and guarantee the quality, accuracy, or condition of; "The dealer warrants all the cars he sells"; "I warrant this information"champion, defend - protect or fight for as a championsecond, endorse, indorse, back - give support or one's approval to; "I'll second that motion"; "I can't back this plan"; "endorse a new project"
	2.	back - travel backward; "back into the driveway"; "The car backed up and hit the tree"go, locomote, move, travel - change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically; "How fast does your new car go?"; "We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus"; "The policemen went from door to door looking for the suspect"; "The soldiers moved towards the city in an attempt to take it before night fell"; "news travelled fast"back out - move out of a space backwards; "He backed out of the driveway"back - cause to travel backward; "back the car into the parking spot"back out - move out of a space backwards; "He backed out of the driveway"back down, back off, back up - move backwards from a certain position; "The bully had to back down"
	3.	back - give support or one's approval to; "I'll second that motion"; "I can't back this plan"; "endorse a new project"second, endorse, indorseback, endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support - be behind; approve of; "He plumped for the Labor Party"; "I backed Kennedy in 1960"back up, support - give moral or psychological support, aid, or courage to; "She supported him during the illness"; "Her children always backed her up"
	4.	back - cause to travel backward; "back the car into the parking spot"back - travel backward; "back into the driveway"; "The car backed up and hit the tree"bring forward, advance - cause to move forward; "Can you move the car seat forward?"
	5.	back - support financial backing for; "back this enterprise"finance - obtain or provide money for; "Can we finance the addition to our home?"
	6.	back - be in back of; "My garage backs their yard"lie - be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain positionfront, face, look - be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to; "The house looks north"; "My backyard look onto the pond"; "The building faces the park"
	7.	back - place a bet on; "Which horse are you backing?"; "I'm betting on the new horse"bet on, gage, game, stake, puntante - place one's stakeparlay, double up - stake winnings from one bet on a subsequent wagerwager, bet, play - stake on the outcome of an issue; "I bet $100 on that new horse"; "She played all her money on the dark horse"
	8.	back - shift to a counterclockwise direction; "the wind backed"change over, shift, switch - make a shift in or exchange of; "First Joe led; then we switched"veer - shift to a clockwise direction; "the wind veered"
	9.	back - establish as valid or genuine; "Can you back up your claims?"back upaffirm, confirm, corroborate, substantiate, support, sustain - establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts; "his story confirmed my doubts"; "The evidence supports the defendant"
	10.	back - strengthen by providing with a back or backingstrengthen - gain strength; "His body strengthened"
Adj.	1.	back - related to or located at the back; "the back yard"; "the back entrance"posterior - located at or near or behind a part or near the end of a structureaft - (nautical, aeronautical) situated at or toward the stern or tailfront - relating to or located in the front; "the front lines"; "the front porch"
	2.	back - located at or near the back of an animal; "back (or hind) legs"; "the hinder part of a carcass"hind, hinderposterior - located at or near or behind a part or near the end of a structure
	3.	back - of an earlier date; "back issues of the magazine"noncurrent - not current or belonging to the present time
Adv.	1.	back - in or to or toward a former location; "she went back to her parents' house"
	2.	back - at or to or toward the back or rear; "he moved back"; "tripped when he stepped backward"; "she looked rearward out the window of the car"backward, backwards, rearward, rearwards
	3.	back - in or to or toward an original condition; "he went back to sleep"
	4.	back - in or to or toward a past time; "set the clocks back an hour"; "never look back"; "lovers of the past looking fondly backward"backwardahead, forward - toward the future; forward in time; "I like to look ahead in imagination to what the future may bring"; "I look forward to seeing you"
	5.	back - in reply; "he wrote back three days later"
	6.	back - in repayment or retaliation; "we paid back everything we had borrowed"; "he hit me and I hit him back"; "I was kept in after school for talking back to the teacher"

back

adverb1. backwards, in reverse, towards the rear, towards the back, rearwards She stepped back from the door expectantly.2. again, as before Denise hopes to be back at work by the time her daughter is one.3. at a distance, far, away, apart, out of the way Keep back from the edge of the platform.4. ago, before, earlier, in the past, previously He was wounded in that terrorist attack a few years back.noun1. spine, backbone, vertebrae, spinal column, vertebral column Three of the victims were shot in the back.2. rear, other side, back end, rear side a room at the back of the shop
rear head, face, front, fore3. end, tail end the customers at the back of the queue4. reverse, rear, other side, wrong side, underside, flip side, verso Send your answers on the back of a postcard.adjective1. rear a path leading to the back garden
rear front, advance, fore2. rearmost, hind, hindmost She could remember sitting in the back seat of their car.3. previous, earlier, former, past, out of date, elapsed A handful of back copies will give an indication of property prices.
previous later, future4. tail, end, rear, posterior, dorsal They had transmitters taped to their back feathers.verb1. support, help, second, aid, champion, encourage, favour, defend, promote, sanction, sustain, assist, advocate, endorse, side with, stand up for, espouse, stand behind, countenance, abet, stick up for (informal), take up the cudgels for He is backed by the civic movement.
support attack, combat, oppose, undermine, weaken, thwart, hinder2. subsidize, help, support, finance, sponsor, assist, underwrite Murjani backed him to start the new company.3. gamble on, bet (money) on, speculate on, punt on (chiefly Brit.), put money on, take a risk on, put your shirt on, stake money on, chance money on, wager money on, pledge money on, venture money on It is upsetting to discover that you have backed a loser.back away move back, go back, retire, withdraw, shrink, recede, pull back, back off, recoil, draw back, give ground, turn tail The girls hastily backed away.back away from something retreat, withdraw, shrink, depart, pull back, back off, draw back He's backing away from the policies and styles of his predecessor.back down give in, collapse, withdraw, yield, concede, submit, surrender, comply, cave in (informal), capitulate, accede, admit defeat, back-pedal It's too late now to back down.back off recoil, go back, retire, withdraw, shrink back, move back, recede, pull back, back away, draw back, turn tail They backed off in horror.back off from something retreat from, withdraw from, depart from, shrink from, pull back from, draw back from The union has publicly backed off from that demand.back out withdraw, retire, give up, pull out, retreat, drop out, renege, cop out (slang), chicken out (informal), detach yourself I've already promised I'll go - I can't back out now.back out of something1. withdraw from, abandon, cancel, pull out of, retire from, resign from, drop out of, give up on, retreat from, go back on, renege on, flip-flop on (informal, chiefly U.S.), backtrack on, chicken out of (informal), cop out of (slang), detach yourself from, recant on, disengage yourself from They backed out of the deal.2. withdraw from, retire from, reverse from, retreat from, pull back from, back off from, back away from, recoil from, draw back from, turn tail from The two men backed out of the shop.back someone up support, second, aid, assist, stand by, bolster, side with, vouch for The girl denied being there, and the men backed her up.back something up substantiate, support, prove, confirm, reinforce, validate, bear out, corroborate, attest to, authenticate Her views are backed up by a report on crime.behind someone's back secretly, covertly, surreptitiously, furtively, conspiratorially, sneakily, deceitfully You enjoy her hospitality, and then criticize her behind her back.Related words
adjective dorsal

back

nounThe part or area farthest from the front:rear, rearward.verb1. To move in a reverse direction:backpedal, backtrack, fall back, retreat, retrocede, retrograde, retrogress.Idiom: retrace one's steps.2. To supply capital to or for:capitalize, finance, fund, grubstake, stake, subsidize.Informal: bankroll.Idiom: put up money for.3. To aid the cause of by approving or favoring:advocate, champion, endorse, get behind, plump for, recommend, side with, stand behind, stand by, support, uphold.Idioms: align oneself with, go to bat for, take the part of.4. To present evidence in support of.Also used with up:buttress, corroborate, substantiate.5. To assure the certainty or validity of.Also used with up:attest, authenticate, bear out, confirm, corroborate, evidence, justify, substantiate, testify (to), validate, verify, warrant.phrasal verb
back down or out
To abandon a former position or commitment:renege, retreat.Slang: cop out, fink out.adjective1. Located in the rear:hind, hindmost, posterior, postern, rear.Nautical: after.2. Far from centers of human population:insular, isolated, lonely, lonesome, obscure, outlying, out-of-the-way, remote, removed, secluded, solitary.Idiom: off the beaten path.adverb1. Toward the back:about, around, backward, backwards, rearward.2. In or toward a former location or condition:about, around, backward, backwards, rearward, round.

Translations

后退后面的向后回原处回溯

back

(bӕk) noun1. in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine. She lay on her back. （人）背部 2. in animals, the upper part of the body. She put the saddle on the horse's back. （动物）背部，后面 3. that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front. the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall.背面4. in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards. （足球等的）后卫 adjective of or at the back. the back door.后面的 adverb1. to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came. I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner.回原处2. away (from something); not near (something). Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you!后退3. towards the back (of something). Sit back in your chair.向后4. in return; in response to. When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back.答复5. to, or in, the past. Think back to your childhood.回溯 verb1. to (cause to) move backwards. He backed (his car) out of the garage.倒退2. to help or support. Will you back me against the others?支持3. to bet or gamble on. I backed your horse to win.下赌注在...上ˈbacker noun a person who supports someone or something, especially with money. the backer of the new theatre. 赞助人，支持者 ˈbackbite verb to criticize a person when he is not present. 背后说人坏话ˈbackbiting nounConstant backbiting by her colleagues led to her resignation.诽谤ˈbackbone noun1. the spine. the backbone of a fish.脊骨2. the chief support. The older employees are the backbone of the industry.主要支柱ˈbackbreaking adjective (of a task etc) very difficult or requiring very hard work. Digging the garden is a backbreaking job. 非常辛劳的，艰苦繁重的 ˌbackˈdate verb1. to put an earlier date on (a cheque etc). He should have paid his bill last month and so he has backdated the cheque. 在（支票）上书写更早的日期 2. to make payable from a date in the past. Our rise in pay was backdated to April.自过去某时起支付ˌbackˈfire verb1. (of a motor-car etc) to make a loud bang because of unburnt gases in the exhaust system. The car backfired. （汽车）回火 2. (of a plan etc) to have unexpected results, often opposite to the intended results. His scheme backfired (on him), and he lost money.产生事与愿违的结果ˈbackground noun1. the space behind the principal or most important figures or objects of a picture etc. He always paints ships against a background of stormy skies; trees in the background of the picture.背景2. happenings that go before, and help to explain, an event etc. the background to a situation.背景情况3. a person's origins, education etc. She was ashamed of her humble background. 经历，学历 ˈbackhand noun1. in tennis etc, a stroke or shot with the back of one's hand turned towards the ball. a clever backhand; His backhand is very strong. （网球等的）反手击球 2. writing with the letters sloping backwards. I can always recognize her backhand.左斜体书法 adverb using backhand. She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand.反手地ˈbacklog noun a pile of uncompleted work etc which has collected. a backlog of orders because of the strike.积压的工作ˌback-ˈnumber noun an out-of-date copy or issue of a magazine etc. He collects back-numbers of comic magazines.过期的报刊ˈbackpack noun (especially American) a bag that walkers, people who go on trips, or students carry on their backs. 背包ˈbackpacking: go backpacking to go on trips or go camping carrying a backpack. 背包旅行或露营ˈbackpacker noun背包旅行或露营者ˈbackside noun the bottom or buttocks. He sits on his backside all day long and does no work. 屁股，臀部 ˈbackslash noun the sign (\\). 反斜线符号ˈbackstroke noun in swimming, a stroke made when lying on one's back in the water. The child is good at backstroke.仰泳ˈbackup noun1. additional people who provide help when it is needed. The police officer requested some backup when the shooting began. 后援，后备者 2. a copy of a computer file that can be used in case the original is destroyed. 备份文件3. (also adjective) a piece of equipment, a system etc that can be used when there is a problem with the original one. a backup plan; We have a backup generator in case the power fails. 备份的，备用的 ˈbackwash noun1. a backward current eg that following a ship's passage through the water. the backwash of the steamer.由船等运动引起的逆流2. the unintentional results of an action, situation etc. The backwash of that firm's financial troubles affected several other firms.反响ˈbackwater noun1. a stretch of river not in the main stream. 回流2. a place not affected by what is happening in the world outside. That village is rather a backwater. 闭塞的地方，與世隔絕的地方 ˌbackˈyard noun (especially American) a garden at the back of a house etc. He grows vegetables in his backyard.后院back down to give up one's opinion, claim etc. She backed down in the face of strong opposition. 放弃（观点），退让 back of (American) behind. He parked back of the store.在...的后部back on to (of a building etc) to have its back next to (something). My house backs on to the racecourse.背对著back out1. to move out backwards. He opened the garage door and backed (his car) out.倒出2. to withdraw from a promise etc. You promised to help – you mustn't back out now! 收回（承诺） back up1. to support or encourage. The new evidence backed up my arguments.支持2. to make a copy of the information stored on the computer or disk. 备份have one's back to the wall to be in a very difficult or desperate situation. He certainly has his back to the wall as he has lost his job and cannot find another one.处于绝境put someone's back up to anger someone. He put my back up with his boasting. 激怒（某人） take a back seat to take an unimportant position. At these discussions he always takes a back seat and listens to others talking. 处于次要地位，谦让

back

→ 后背zhCN, 后退zhCN, 后部zhCN, 后面的zhCN, 向后zhCN

When should we be back on the bus? (US)
When should we be back on board? (UK) → 我们什么时间必须上车？
When do we get back? → 几点返回？
When is the bike due back? → 自行车什么时候需要交回？
Please give me my passport back → 请把护照还给我吧
Which is the key to the back door? (US)
Which is the key for the back door? (UK) → 哪一把是后门钥匙？
I want my money back → 我要退钱
I'll call back later → 我过一会儿再打来
I'll call back tomorrow → 我明天再打来
Please call me back → 请给我回电话
I have a bad back (US)
I've got a bad back (UK) → 我的背很疼
I've hurt my back → 我的背受伤了
My back is sore → 我的背很痛
Shall I come back later? → 我可以过一会儿再来吗？
We'll be in bed when you get back → 你回来的时候我们该睡觉了

back

*back (some place)

returned to some place; at some place again. (*Typically: be ~; get ~; arrive ~.) I can't wait till we get back home. When will we get back? Is it much farther?

*back

(at someone) repaying someone for a bad deed. (*Typically: get ~; have ~.) Tom called me a jerk, but I'll get back at him. I don't know how I'll get back for her insult, but I will.

back

n. one’s support or second in a fight. (From back-up.) I need a back I can depend on.

See:

(in) back of (something)
(one's) back is turned
(one's) back is up
a back number
a back-seat driver
a crick in (one's) back
a knife in the back
a monkey on (one's) back
a monkey on your back
a pat on the back
a short back and sides
a stab in the back
a while back
a/the monkey on somebody's back
all the way to Egery and back
answer back
argue back
arrive back
ask back
at the back of (one's) mind
at the back of beyond
at the back of your mind
at/in the back of your mind
back
back (one or oneself) into a corner
back (someone or something) up to (something)
back (someone) for (something)
back alley
back and edge
back and fill
back and fill, to
back and forth
back at it
back at it (again)
back at you
back atcha
back away
back burner
back burner, on a
back door
back down
back East
back for
back forty
back in (one's) box
back in circulation
back in harness
back in the day
back in the game
back in the saddle
back in your box
back in(to) (the) harness
back in(to) circulation
back into
back into (someone or something)
back number
back o' Bourke
back of
back of (one's) mind
back of (the) beyond
back of beyond
back of one's hand
back of one's hand, to give (someone) the
back of one's mind
back of something
back of the beyond
back of the black stump
back off
back off, to
back office
back on (one's) feet
back on feet
back on the horse
back on track
back oneself into a corner
back onto
back onto (something)
back order
back out
back out (of something)
back out of
back over
back over (someone or something)
back room
back room boys
back street
back the wrong horse
back to back
back to basics
back to earth
back to front
back to nature
back to square one
back to the drawing board
back to the salt mines
back to the wall
back to the wall, with one's
back up
back up to
back water
back/paint somebody/yourself into a corner
back-alley
back-assward
back-breaking
back-cloth star
backdoor
back-ender
backhanded compliment
backhander
back-of-the-envelope calculation
back-order
backpedal
backroom boy
backseat driver
backstabber
back-to-back
back-to-back-to-back
bad penny, always turns up (comes back) like a
be (flat) on (one's) back
be (like) water off a duck's back
be back in business
be back in harness
be back on the rails
be fed up to the back teeth
be glad to see the back of (someone or something)
be glad to see the back of someone or something
be glad, etc. to see the back of somebody/something
be no skin off (one's) back
be on (one's) back
be on somebody's back
be on someone's back
be on the back burner
be on the back foot
be right back
be water off a duck's back
be/go back to square one
beast with two backs
beat back
been to hell and back
behind (one's) back
behind back
behind somebody's back
behind someone's back
bend back
bite back
blink back tears
blink tears back
bounce (something) back and forth
bounce back
bounce back and forth
boys in the back room
break (one's) arm patting (oneself) on the back
break (one's) back
break back
break neck
break one's back
break the back of
break the back of (something)
break the back of something
break your back
break your back doing something/to do something
bring (one) back (down) to earth
bring (one) back to reality
bring (someone or something) back to life
bring (someone) back out
bring back
bring back out
bring back to life
bring back to reality
brush back
buy (something) back (from someone)
buy back
by the back door
by/through the back door
call back
call in(to)
callback
carry (one) back
carry back
cast (one's) mind back
cast back
cast your mind back
cast your mind back to something
change back
check back
check back with (one)
choke back
chop back
clap back
claw (one's) way
claw (one's) way back from (something)
claw your way back, into something, out of something, etc.
come back
come back (down) to earth
Come back and see us
come back anytime
come back from the dead
come back to bite (one)
come back to earth to earth
come back to haunt (one)
come back to haunt one
come back to the fold
Come back when you can stay longer
comment back
could (do something) with one arm tied behind (one's) back
could (do something) with one hand tied behind (one's) back
couldn't find (one's) way out of a paper bag
cover (one's) back
cover your back
crawl back to
crawl back to (one)
crawl into (one's) shell
crick in back
cut back
cut back to
cut back to (someone or something)
date back
dead on one's feet
dial back
die back
do something behind someone's back
do something with one hand behind your back
double back
draw back
drift back
drive (one) back on (something)
drive (one) back to (someone)
drive back
drive back on
drive back to
drop back
drunk back
ease back
echo back to
echo back to (something)
eyes in the back of (one's) head
eyes in the back of one's head, have
eyes in the back of one's head, to have
eyes in the back of your head
fade back
fall back
fall back on
fall back on (someone or something)
fall off the back of a lorry
fall off the back of a truck
fed up to the back teeth
fed up to the back teeth (with someone or something)
fed up to the back teeth with somebody/something
feed (something) back into (something)
feed back into
feed back to
fight back
fight back at (someone or something)
fire back
fire back at (someone or something)
fire back to (someone or something)
fit on the back of a postage stamp
flash back
flashback Friday
flat on (one's) back
flat on back
flat on one's back
fling (one's) head back
fling back
fling head back
fold back
follow back
force back
from way back
get (one's) back up
get (one's) bait back
get (one's) breath back
get (one's) ears pinned back
get (one's) mojo back
get (one's) own back
get (someone's) back
get back
get back at
get back at (one)
get back on the horse (that bucked you)
get back on the rails
get back to
get back to (someone)
get back to (someone) on (something)
get back to basics
get back to nature
get back up
get dander up
get ears pinned back
get off (one's) back
get off (one's) backside
Get off case!
get off my back
Get off my back!
get off somebody's back
get off someone’s back
get off someone's back
get someone's back up
get someone's back up, to
get your bait back
get your breath back
get your own back
get/go back to basics
get/put somebody's back up
give (oneself or someone) a pat on the back
give (someone) the back of (one's) hand
give (someone) the shirt off (one's) back
give (something) back (to someone) with interest
give back
give somebody/yourself a pat on the back
give the shirt off back
give the shirt off one's back
give the shirt off one's back, to
glance back
glance back at (someone or something)
go back
go back a long way
go back on
go back on (one's) word
go back on (something)
go back on word
go back on your word
go back to
go back to basics
go back to square one
go back to the drawing board
go back to the salt mines
go behind (one's) back
go behind back
go behind someone's back
go to hell and back
greenback
grow back
gulp back
gulp back (one's) sobs
gulp back (one's) tears
hand back
hand back to (someone)
hang back
harder than the back of God's head
hark back
hark back to
hark(en) back to (something)
have (got) (someone's) back
have (one's) back against the wall
have (one's) back to the wall
have (one's) back up
have a broad back
have a monkey on (one's) back
have a monkey on one’s back
have a monkey on your back
have a yellow belly
have a yellow streak down (one's) back
have a yellow streak down one’s back
have back
have back to the wall
have back up
have been to hell and back
have calluses from patting (one's) own back
have calluses from patting own back
have eyes in the back of (one's) head
have eyes in the back of head
have eyes in the back of your head
have got a monkey on (one's) back
have got back
have never looked back
have the shirt off (one's) back
have your back to the wall
head back
help (someone) back (to some place)
help back
hit back
hit back (at someone or something)
hold back
hurry back
hurry back to (someone or something)
I'll call back later
I'll get back to (someone)
I'll get back to you
I'll get back to you on that
in (one's) (own) back yard
in circulation
in harness
in play
in the back
in the back of (one's) mind
in the back of mind
in the groove
inch back
It is the last straw that breaks the camel's back
juice back
juice something back
keep back
keep off back
kick back
knock back
knock back a drink
knock one back
knock something back
know (something) like the back of (one's) hand
know like a book
know like the palm of hand
know something like the back of your hand
laid back
laid-back
lash back
lash back (at someone or something)
last straw, the
lead back
lean back
lean back against (someone or something)
lean back on (someone or something)
lease back
let me get back to you (on that)
lie back
lie back and think of England
like back
like the back of a bus
like water off a duck's back
live off the backs of (someone)
live off the backs of someone
loll back
look back
make (one's) way back (to something or some place)
make (one's)/the hair stand up on the back of (one's) neck
make a comeback
make a rod for (one's) own back
make a rod for your own back
make the beast with two backs
make way back
meanwhile, back at the ranch
mind your back
mind your back(s)
mind your backs!
monkey off (one's) back
monkey on (one's) back
monkey on one's back
move back
move the/(one's) clock(s) back
nail (one's) ears back
nail (something) back
nail back
nail ears back
never look back
never/not look back
no skin off (one's) back
not in my back yard
nurse (someone or something) back to health
nurse back to health
off (one's) back
off back
off someone's back
off the back of a lorry
off the back of a truck
on (one's) back
on back
on case
on one's feet
on someone's back
on the back burner
on the back foot
on the back of
on the back of (something)
on the back of a postage stamp
on the back of an envelope
on the pig's back
on your back
once you go black, you never go back
one step forward and two steps back
one step forward, two steps back
out back
out front
pace back and forth
pass back
pat (one) on the back
pat on the back
pat someone on the back
pay (one) a backhanded compliment
pay (one) back
pay (one) back in (one's) own coin
pay (one) back in kind
pay (one) back with interest
pay (something) back
pay back
pay someone back in their own coin
pay something back/return something with interest
payback
peel back
pin back
pin back (one's) ears
pin back your ears
pin ears back
pin someone’s ears back
pin someone's ears back
pin your ears back

back

back 1

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back1

back2

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back

*back (some place)

*back

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back

Back,

What does it mean when you dream about the back?

back

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Patient discussion about back

BAck

back

Synonyms for back

adv backwards

Synonyms

adv again

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adv at a distance

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adv ago

Synonyms

noun spine

Synonyms

noun rear

Synonyms

Antonyms

noun end

Synonyms

noun reverse

Synonyms

adj rear

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Antonyms

adj rearmost

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adj previous

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adj tail

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verb support

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Antonyms

verb subsidize

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verb gamble on

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phrase back away

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phrase back away from something

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phrase back down

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phrase back off

Synonyms

phrase back off from something

Synonyms

phrase back out

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back¹

back²

back¹

back²